Based on the 4 types of management models currently operating at the DLCCĐ points (the cooperative model in Lac village - Mai Chau district; the DLCCĐ Association model in Mu, Khuong, Mon, Sat Thuong hamlets, Lac Son district; the DLCCĐ Joint Stock Company model in Ke, Duc Phong, Sung hamlets, Da Bac district; the model of a tourism business associated with a unified contract, sharing profits with households operating the DLCCĐ business in Ai hamlet, Phong Phu commune, Tan Lac district), review and consider the reasonableness of the models to complete or convert the management model to suit the specific situation of each province, the management capacity of the DLCCĐ; ensure the sustainable development of the DLCCĐ. Encourage the formation of an integrated cooperative model, including the management of DLCCĐ activities, the management of production and consumption of handicrafts, clean agricultural products... entirely owned by the CDDC.
4.3.2.2. For Son La province
- Develop and implement community tourism development project
Develop the Project "Developing community tourism in Son La province to 2030" with specific viewpoints and objectives on socio-economics and environment in accordance with the characteristics of resources and socio-economics of Son La. The project needs to focus on developing community tourism in 4 main areas: Son La lake area (mainly in Quynh Nhai and Muong La districts), Son La city, Van Ho and Moc Chau districts. Review potential locations that need to be developed according to the roadmap to include in the list of priority investment projects. Evaluate the market for community tourism in Son La as a basis for developing suitable community tourism products and promoting them according to the market. Maybe you are interested!
State management of community tourism development in some provinces in the Northwest region, Vietnam - 21
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State management of Thanh Hoa province for sustainable tourism development - 2
Develop specific plans for community tourism sites in Moc Chau National Tourism Area. These plans must be consistent with approved plans to manage investment, protect resources and effectively exploit natural resources.
Develop the Project "Preserving and promoting traditional cultural values of Son La ethnic minorities for community tourism development", including researching, collecting, restoring, and documenting a number of festivals and rituals of ethnic groups such as: Hoa Ban festival of Thai people in Van Ho district; Cap sac ceremony of Dao people; Pang A festival, village worship ceremony of La Ha people; Kin Khau Ho festival of Lao people... Collect and popularize a number of typical xoe dances of Son La at community tourism sites of the province; check
List the cultural heritages of 9 ethnic groups with large populations in Son La (Thai, Mong, Dao, Muong, Xinh Mun, Kho Mu, La Ha, Lao, Khang) to develop suitable products.
To implement the proposed PTDLCĐ orientations, it is necessary to:
Support infrastructure in the direction of promoting infrastructure investment connecting major routes to DLC points. In the immediate future, implement at Moc Chau National Tourism Area, Son La Lake to promote community-based tourism development.
Promote investment attraction for tourism development in areas with unique natural resources of the province, thereby increasing tourist attraction, creating a source of visitors for community-based tourism in the area of Son La Lake, Ngu Dong Ban On, Po Cop forest, Xuan Nha special-use forest, Long Sap border gate... In addition, promote the formation of international tourism routes from Moc Chau to Laos (this is an important international route, passing through Long Sap border gate) and to other ASEAN countries (Myanmar, Thailand) to create a source of international visitors to community-based tourism destinations. Promote the development of high-tech agricultural products, agricultural products under the OCOP program at Moc Chau National Tourism Area so that visitors have the opportunity to experience staying at homestays.
- Complete support policies and issue regulations for managing community tourism activities.
Review the implementation of the contents of supporting PTDLCĐ according to Resolution No. 22/2016/NQ-HDND dated December 14, 2016 of the People's Council of Son La province; clearly identify the existing problems and causes to adjust according to reality for promulgation for the period 2021-2030. In particular, it is necessary to re-evaluate the conditions for borrowing capital at low interest rates (equal to the interest rate for the program for lending capital to poor households) for households wishing to participate in tourism activities.
Review the activities of all community tourism sites across the province, promptly identify spontaneous and unplanned development sites to have a direction for handling and promulgate regulations on the management of community tourism activities in the province. Guide community tourism sites to apply management models suitable to the reality of each locality; ensure resource exploitation for more effective and sustainable community tourism.
Widely disseminate ASEAN community-based environmental standards to households. Strive to have at least 5 households recognized as meeting the standards by 2025, as a premise for replication in other areas.
4.2.2.3. With Dien Bien province
- Develop tourism development plan content in the Provincial Planning and develop community tourism development project
Because the "Master plan for tourism development in Dien Bien province" built in 2007 has expired, Dien Bien needs to summarize and review the results of the implementation of this plan, on that basis, build a plan for tourism development in Dien Bien until 2030 to integrate into the provincial planning in the spirit of the 2017 Planning Law. This plan creates a basis for management and investment in tourism development in the province, thereby helping community-based tourism develop. The Dien Bien tourism development plan needs to be consistent with the Vietnam tourism development strategy until 2030 and comply with the principles and contents of tourism development planning according to Articles 20 and 21 of the Tourism Law. The tourism development plan also needs to have general orientations on community-based tourism development as a basis for building projects on community-based tourism development in the province.
Develop the Project "Developing community tourism in Dien Bien province to 2030" according to the principles stated in section 2.1.2, ensuring that it is suitable for the characteristics of resources and socio-economics of the province. Compared with neighboring provinces (Son La, Hoa Binh), Dien Bien does not have much potential for community tourism development, so the goals set for community tourism development need to be proposed appropriately for implementation. It is necessary to fully assess the factors when reviewing potential locations for community tourism development to include in the project, in which priority development locations in Dien Bien district should be focused on (Men village, Thanh Nua commune; Ten village, Thanh Xuong commune; Pe Luong village, Thanh Luong commune; Uva village, Noong Luong commune, Co My village and Hoong Lech Cang village, Thanh Chan commune) and some villages in Dien Bien Phu city (Phieng Loi village, Noong Chun village, Noong Bua, Him Lam 2).
Supplement and adjust the issued plan program on implementing the "Vietnam Tourism Development Strategy to 2030" in the area, in which it is necessary to pay attention to the contents on PTDLCĐ: Project "Promoting propaganda and promotion of Dien Bien tourism", Project "Building ethnic cultural villages to develop tourism in Dien Bien" in accordance with the viewpoints and identified goals, ensuring unified state management on planning, plans and implementation of planning and plans.
- Implement existing community tourism development orientations
Speed up the progress of component projects associated with the approved "Master plan for the development of Dien Bien Phu-Pa Khoang National Tourist Area to 2020, vision to 2030" to create diffusion and attract visitors, creating conditions for
Developing the province's DLCĐ. Implement the Project "Preserving and promoting the value of the special national historical site of Dien Bien Phu battlefield associated with tourism development until 2025" and increase capital sources for infrastructure investment, connecting major routes to DLCĐ points to create favorable conditions for DLCĐ here to develop.
Develop products in other priority areas of the province to facilitate PTDL and community-based tourism. Areas include: Muong Lay Town cluster (Da River landscape, combined with waterway transportation, aquaculture and exploitation, cultural services, arts, swallow-tail boat racing festival associated with folk arts, traditional festivals, water sports); clusters of remaining localities (Sam Mun citadel, Ban Phu citadel, Pha Din landscape, Hoang Cong Chat temple, Uva hot spring, Pa Thom cave, Muong Nhe natural landscape, conquering the westernmost point of the country - A Pa Chai).
Assess the market for Dien Bien's community tourism, as a basis for developing community tourism products and XTQB according to the market. Dien Bien has relatively different characteristics from Son La and Hoa Binh. It is a province with an air route from Dien Bien Phu to Hanoi, has the Dien Bien Phu battlefield relic complex - one of the 23 special national relics of the country and is the only province that shares a border with Laos and China. Therefore, Dien Bien's international tourism market needs to focus on the Francophone bloc, ASEAN countries, Northeast Asia through air and land border gates (Huoi Puoc and Tay Trang with Laos and A Pa Chai - Long Phu border gate with China). In addition, build and develop the Hoa Ban Festival into an annual activity, combined with promoting the community tourism products of the province.
- Issue policies and regulations on managing community tourism activities
Study the experiences of localities in general and Son La in particular to issue policies to support community-based tourism for the period 2021-2030, in accordance with local characteristics and regulations of the 2017 Tourism Law. Support policies need to be reflected in both direct and indirect support policies, through integration into the Project "Building ethnic cultural villages in Dien Bien" to maximize capital sources for community-based tourism.
Issue regulations on the management of community-based tourism activities in the province. Select and apply a pilot community-based tourism management model suitable for one or several community-based tourism maps to replicate to other community-based tourism locations, contributing to sustainable community-based tourism development. Widely disseminate ASEAN community-based tourism standards to households, striving to have 3-5 households recognized as meeting the standards by 2030, as a premise for replication to other locations.
- Cooperation in developing community tourism
Further expand cooperation to gain support from organizations (domestic and foreign) in the management and development of community-based tourism. Effectively implement cooperation between Dien Bien and provinces of Laos as well as provinces of Thailand and China; integrate cooperation programs and propose specific annual cooperation on community-based tourism in general and community-based tourism in particular into these cooperations, especially cooperation with Thailand in learning experiences in management and development of community-based tourism.
4.3. Some recommendations
4.3.1. For the Government, Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Ministry of Labor, War Invalids and Social Affairs
Firstly, it is necessary to soon concretize the State's policies on community-based tourism development in the Northwestern provinces, especially the contents on community-based tourism development stated in the Law on Tourism (Article 19) in the Government's Decrees in the direction of specifying preferential levels for subjects participating in community-based tourism development. Integrate community-based tourism development support contents into the "National target program on socio-economic development of ethnic minority and mountainous areas for the period 2021-2030" in the spirit of Resolution No. 12/NQ-CP on the implementation of Resolution No. 88/2019/QH14 on approving the "Overall project on socio-economic development of ethnic minority and mountainous areas for the period 2021-2030". The Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism considers and develops an effective coordination mechanism for tourism development activities in general and community-based tourism in particular for the Northwestern provinces, including integrating community-based tourism promotion activities and human resource development for community-based tourism in the Northwestern region's tourism development program.
Second , increase resources to invest in building infrastructure for tourism in general and community-based tourism in particular. First of all, extend the implementation period of the "Target Program for Tourism Infrastructure Development for the 2016-2020 period to 2025" with priority given to
Prioritize investment in national tourist areas in key tourism development areas, remote areas with tourism potential; prioritize support for poor provinces that cannot balance their budgets so that national tourist areas (Hoa Binh Lake National Tourist Area, Moc Chau National Tourist Area, Dien Bien Phu-Pa Khoang National Tourist Area) have access to the above capital sources.
The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development supports the development of the community-based tourism model associated with new rural construction, associated with agricultural and rural tourism development (according to the UNWTO's message "Tourism and Rural Development" in 2020), specifically linking tourism activities with agricultural value chains (from orientation and organization of agricultural production, to production of handicrafts, processing of agricultural products and serving rural tourism...); supporting the introduction of OCOP products into tourism consumption (OCOP products ensure requirements on quality, origin, attractive packaging and designs) through direct use of products at tourist destinations, product experience, development of health care products or as gifts, souvenirs... Building roads connecting to tourist destinations, creating conditions for community-based tourism to develop and contributing to the implementation of the goal of new rural construction.
The Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism increases investment in conservation, especially for special relics and national relics. At the same time, the Ministry supports the Northwestern provinces in researching, evaluating and identifying specific community-based tourism products based on the cultural values typical of each province.
Third , the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism provides professional support to the Northwestern provinces in specifying the “National Standards on Accommodation with Rooms for Tourists to Rent” (TCVN7800:2017) in accordance with the specific characteristics of the Northwestern provinces. In addition, the Ministry supports tourism training institutions in the Northwestern region to improve their capacity to train human resources for tourism in general and community-based tourism in particular.
The Ministry of Labor, War Invalids and Social Affairs coordinates with the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism to complete the development of a framework of vocational skills standards, especially for occupations related to community tourism. Ensure international compliance and apply it in tourism vocational training facilities in Vietnam.
4.3.2. For Vietnam Tourism Association
- Support provinces in the Northwest region to connect tourism businesses in the Northwest provinces; establish community tourism branches under the Tourism Association of the Northwest provinces.
local to join with Vietnam Community Tourism Association (under Vietnam Tourism Association) to form a network connecting members (enterprises, households participating in community tourism...) in the Northwestern provinces; organize tourist groups to learn, get acquainted, market (famtrip), support bringing tourists to community tourism locations and provide professional support for members in the community tourism network of the Northwestern provinces.
- Strengthen the public-private dialogue mechanism at the national and provincial levels related to PTDLCĐ, support localities in the Northwest region in linking with XTQB for DLCCĐ through fairs organized by the Association (VITM Hanoi, VITM Can Tho...).
Chapter 4 Conclusion
Chapter 4 of the thesis presents viewpoints, some orientations and solutions contributing to the improvement of State management of PTDLCĐ in some provinces in the Northwest region. These orientations and solutions are proposed in accordance with the theory of State management of PTDLCĐ, the reality of State management of PTDLCĐ in some provinces in the Northwest region and the experience in State management of PTDLCĐ in the country and internationally.
Major viewpoints on perfecting state management of PTDLCĐ are proposed until 2030. It is emphasized that perfecting state management of PTDLCĐ must be associated with changing awareness and thinking about the role and contributions of PTDLCĐ in socio-economic development of the locality in particular and the Northwest region in general; perfecting state management of PTDLCĐ to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of state administrative management of the economy in general and of PTDLCĐ in particular...
The proposed orientations and solutions are related to changing the way of building strategies and planning for PTDLCĐ; perfecting policies and regulations on PTDLCĐ and strengthening inspection, examination, supervision and handling of violations related to PTDLCĐ... In general, to effectively implement the above orientations, these solutions need to be implemented synchronously and in stages. /.
CONCLUDE
With the unique characteristics of community-based tourism as pointed out, community-based tourism development requires a long-term approach, aiming to maximize benefits for community-based tourism and limit the negative impacts of tourism on community-based tourism and their resources and environment. The Northwest region is a region rich in tourism development potential, especially the traditional cultural values of ethnic minority communities. With attractive tourism resources, in recent years, community-based tourism development in the Northwest region has achieved significant successes, having certain impacts on the socio-economy, contributing to economic restructuring, poverty reduction, creating new sources of livelihood and income for community-based tourism. However, besides the achieved results, community-based tourism development in the Northwest region also reveals many limitations, one of the important reasons being that the role of State management in the region has not been fully implemented. Although localities in the region have been very proactive and positive in demonstrating the role of State management, however, State management of PTDLCĐ in the Northwestern provinces still has certain limitations; specific orientations and goals for PTDLCĐ have not been clearly demonstrated; policies to promote PTDLCĐ have been issued but have not been able to penetrate deeply into life...
Compared with the set goals and tasks, the thesis has achieved the following contents: Firstly, it has systematized the basic and core contents of State management of PTDLCĐ; clarified the concepts, characteristics, roles, contents, and relationships between management entities in State management of PTDLCĐ of the provincial level. The thesis has developed criteria to evaluate the effectiveness, efficiency, suitability, and sustainability of State management of PTDLCĐ and identified factors affecting State management of PTDLCĐ. Researched and selected experiences of some localities in the world and Vietnam that have succeeded or failed in State management of PTDLCĐ, from which to draw conclusions.
Some common lessons for the Northwestern provinces.
Second , based on the common approach in studies on state management activities of tourism in general, state management of PTDLCĐ in particular; together with the results of state management assessment of PTDLCĐ in some provinces in the Northwest region according to the criteria