Some Studies on Agricultural Product Value Chain

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Mango chain from

Assosa to Addis is short and inefficient, the market

The fruit market in Addis is dominated by organized groups that tend to not allow new entrants. The competition of Mangoes with imported fresh fruit products therefore requires the improvement and upgrading of Mango quality to increase the competitiveness of Ethiopian Mangoes. Another study by Zuhui Huang Zhejiang (2009) shows the important role of linkages in production, with “Chinese Pear Value Chain: Growth Targets for Smallholders” Zuhui Huang Zhejiang pointed out that smallholders in Hebei hardly benefit from the pear value chain because the level of value added in the middle and end stages is much higher than that in the beginning stage. The Zhejiang Pear value chain is shorter than that in Hebei and the value added in the first stage is higher than that in Hebei,

therefore households

small production

maybe

benefited. Cooperatives in

Extract

Giang helps smallholder farmers reduce costs and add more value in consumption. In 2010, through the study "Analysis of Rice and Maize value chains in some typical localities of Tanzania", Peniel Uliwa and colleagues pointed out that although Rice is the second most important food after Maize in this country, rice production productivity in Tanzania is still very low, the rice value chain

inefficient operations. For the value chain

Ngo, authors

point out

export potential and four main market segments for the type

the most important food of Tanzania and the region. At the same time, the study explained why food security is not guaranteed, despite large production, sometimes this country still needs to import food from outside. From there, the research team proposed strategies to improve the supply chain, existing business models and solutions to strengthen the connection between actors in the chain. With the study of Hualiang Lu (2006) on

“Value chain model

two stages to the

effective

in action

Marketing of fruit and vegetable chains” has shown that transaction costs have a great influence

to efficiency

of supply chain

Nanjing vegetable application. Specifically sales activities

Direct marketing incurs the highest transaction costs, and sales activities are the least efficient in the chain. Therefore, the vegetable production stage performs better than the marketing stage. Therefore, managers need to support marketing activities by addressing issues such as market information and finding ways to reduce transaction costs.

It can be affirmed that in the value chain analysis by the holistic method,

demand has brought a more comprehensive and in-depth view because the value chain shows

The following important issues are discussed: the role of technical support organizations, strengthening horizontal linkages, the role of leading enterprises in vertical linkages, and the role of the state in the industry chain.

2.1.2 Domestic research

GTZ, (2006) conducted a pilot analysis of the Coffee value chain for ethnic minorities in Daklak. The study pointed out that the challenges for this Coffee chain are poor farming skills, high input costs such as water, fertilizers, and pesticides. The lack of coffee processing conditions leads to low coffee quality. Furthermore, this coffee chain has too many intermediaries and lacks linkages, leading to high input prices but low output prices for growers. In another study, GTZ, (2006) analyzed the Watermelon product value chain in Long An. The study pointed out that

many problems

in the chain need help

help to

improve efficiency.

In the short term, Long An province needs to have sustainable development programs for Watermelon with technical support and changes in growing practices.

Gardens also need support.

support

access to bank capital. Market demand

Domestic and foreign markets also need to be studied more thoroughly along with necessary technical standards, to avoid the situation where melons are rushed to the Chinese border and then rejected due to quality, forced prices...

Domestically, the market is becoming unstable and gradually losing market share. The urgent requirement for Vietnamese agricultural products is to build a brand to increase competitiveness and position in the international market. For agricultural products, it is necessary to invest more in agricultural extension, technology for harvesting and preserving products, and research on new varieties. On the other hand, improving product quality must be based on customer requirements, and it is necessary to research both domestic and foreign markets to determine what characteristics and quality consumers need from products. Promotion, marketing and raising brand awareness are important factors in brand development not only for producers but also for consumers. However, businesses and producers have not yet realized the importance of building a brand and creating high quality products. This leads to difficulties in consumption and brand building (Hoang Viet Thang, Chau Minh Tuong, 2006). Also talking about the brand issue, Axis Research Market Research Company, 2006, "Value chain for Vinh Long grapefruit " results of the general system of products and consumption markets. The biggest difficulty for the grapefruit value chain is how to build trust of the components in the value chain, raise awareness and responsibility at each stage from choosing seeds, planting, caring... to harvesting and circulating goods.

traders, warehouses, cooperatives, companies, ... according to Nguyen Ngoc Huy, 2010 " The

Factors affecting the development of Nam Roi grapefruit and Vinh Kim star apple brands" , in the context of brand building, the profits of grapefruit growers following the GAP process are quite high, an average of 71.4 million VND/ ha / year ; Vinh Kim star apple has an average profit of 99.9 million VND/ha/year. Grapefruit growers mainly sell their products to wholesalers/retailers (41.1%) and 36% to traders, in addition to selling to cooperatives and companies with 70% payment in cash. In addition, Vinh Kim star apple has 53.6% of its output sold to wholesalers/retailers; 39.9% sold to

Paper in Ke Sach district , Soc Trang province . Intercropping Mango - Lemon has brought higher economic efficiency to farmers than those who only cultivate Mango trees .

2009 , “ Current status of grapefruit production ” . Southern Fruit Institute .