Home / Tourism Activities

Socio-Economic Impacts of Tourism Activities



1.1.3.2 Types of tourism

Some types of tourism often mentioned in our country are:

- Ecological landscape tourism:

Maybe you are interested!

Ecotourism is a form of nature tourism with a high level of ecological and environmental education that has a positive impact on environmental and cultural protection, ensures financial benefits for local communities and contributes to conservation efforts.

For example: travel to visit Con Dao National Park in Ba Ria-Vung Tau province.

Socio-Economic Impacts of Tourism Activities

Ship.


- Weekend vacation:

This type of tourism comes from the need to relieve stress after work.

hours of hard work to restore health. For example: beach tourism in Ba Ria-Vung Tau.

- Cultural tourism:

This type of tourism aims to satisfy the need to experience the culture of tourists. Tourists come to visit and learn about the culture, history, and customs of a land or country whose culture and historical process are completely new to them, or to participate in beauty pageants or music contests.

For example: Visiting temples, architectural works, historical sites, participating in cultural festivals, beauty contests, music competitions, etc.

- Sports tourism:

It is a trip with the purpose of participating in a sport such as surfing, mountain climbing,... or participating in sports festivals, an Olympic Games as an athlete, organizer, coach, fan...

- Medical tourism:

Due to the need to relieve stress after hours of hard work due to health conditions, requiring a special treatment method associated with geographical conditions, climate, environment... a type of medical and therapeutic tourism was established to serve those in need.

For example: hot spring tourism in Ba Ria-Vung Tau province, mud bath in Nha Trang.



- MICE tourism:

MICE is a type of tourism that combines conferences, seminars, exhibitions, event organization, and corporate incentive travel for employees and partners. MICE - stands for Meeting, Incentive, Convention, and Exhibition. The full English name is Meeting Incentive Conference Event. Therefore, MICE groups are often very large (several hundred guests) and especially the spending level is higher than normal tour guests (because the Organizing Committee of international conferences always book rooms for guests at 4-5 star hotels, high service, post-conference tours must be specially designed according to request...). MICE is currently a type of tourism that brings in a huge source of revenue for the tourism industry in many countries.

For Vietnam, this type of tourism has been exploited by companies in the tourism industry for many years, with initial positive results. Exploiting the MICE market is one of the goals of the development strategy of Vietnam's tourism industry.

1.2 Socio-economic impacts of tourism activities

To fully analyze the socio-economic impact of tourism activities, it is necessary to clearly see the characteristics of tourism activities. These are:

- Tourism consumption demand is a special demand.

- The need to understand cultural and historical treasures, the need to enjoy natural scenery, swim and bathe in the sea, lakes, rivers...

- Consumption of tourism services satisfies the needs for goods (food, shopping goods, souvenirs, etc.) and especially mainly the needs for services (accommodation, passenger transport, information, etc.).

- Tourism consumption only satisfies secondary needs, non-essential human needs (with the exception of medical tourism, when tourism is vital to the patient). However, food, accommodation, clothing... are also essential human needs, but they do not play a decisive role in a trip.

- The consumption of tourism services and goods (mainly food) occurs at the same time and at the same point in time as their production.



In tourism, businesses do not have to transport services and goods to customers, but on the contrary, tourists themselves have to go to where the goods are.

- Tourism consumption occurs normally seasonally.

With the above characteristics, relationships in tourism consumption are divided into 2 types:

- Material relationships arise when tourists come to a tourist destination and buy services and goods there with currency.

- Non-material relationships arise when visitors come into contact with people, culture, and customs of local people.

1.2.1. Economic impact of tourism activities

1.2.1.1 Economic impact of domestic tourism activities

Domestic tourism creates movement and exchange between regions to consume tourism products, services and goods of the tourism industry and the whole society. In other words, domestic tourism activities have a positive impact on the development of many other economic sectors such as construction materials production, food industry, agriculture, wood industry, textiles, aquaculture, handicrafts, etc. to create facilities and goods to meet the living and consumption needs of tourists. This is also a way to promote local products and strengths. In addition, tourism development also affects the development of health, culture, trade, banking, transportation, etc., contributing to increasing national income.

Through the consumption of goods and services by tourists, domestic tourism contributes to the economic development of the tourist destination, creating a strong change in the socio-economic landscape of that locality. This is also a good condition to stimulate idle capital in the people to flow into the economic circulation process. At this point, the expansion of investment and tourism consumption will once again have a positive impact on economic development and create a continuous chain effect.

Actively participate in the process of creating national income (producing souvenirs, processing food, building technical facilities, etc.) to increase the gross domestic product.

Actively participate in the process of redistributing national income between regions. In other words, tourism has a positive impact on balancing the income structure.



People's income and expenditure by region: usually regions with strong tourism development are regions with poor material production, leading to very low income of people in that region from production.

Domestic tourism helps to use the technical facilities of international tourism more reasonably. Before and after the tourist season, when international tourists are few, the technical facilities can be used to serve domestic tourists. In this way, it not only promotes the development of domestic tourism but also takes advantage of the technical facilities.

1.2.1.2 Economic impact of international tourism

Positive impact on increasing national income through foreign currency earnings, contributing a huge role in balancing the international balance of payments.

Together with civil aviation, remittances, shipping, international post, technology transfer and other foreign exchange services, international tourism brings many countries foreign exchange every year. This is the most direct impact of tourism on the economy. Many countries in the region and around the world have earned billions of dollars each year through tourism development.

International tourism is a highly effective export activity. The effectiveness of international tourism is first reflected in the fact that this is an on-site export industry of industrial goods, consumer goods, handicrafts, antiques, restored agricultural and forestry products, etc. at higher retail prices (if sold through normal export, it will be at wholesale prices). Exchanged through tourism, goods are exported without having to bear international trade tariff barriers.

International tourism is not only an “on-site export” industry but also an “invisible export” industry of tourism goods. These are natural landscapes, climate and tropical sunshine, the values ​​of historical and cultural relics, the uniqueness of national traditions, customs, etc. that are not lost with each sale, and even its value and reputation increase with each sale, if the tourism quality is high. The reason for this phenomenon is that we give visitors not the tourism resources themselves, but only the values.



Value, the ability to satisfy the specific needs of tourists contained in tourism resources.

The two forms of export above show that goods and services sold through international tourism bring higher economic profits due to significant savings in packaging, preservation and import tax costs, the ability to quickly recover capital and high profits because tourism demand is a high-end demand with the ability to pay.

International tourism encourages and attracts foreign investment.

International tourism contributes to strengthening and developing international economic relations, specifically through the following aspects:

- International governmental and non-governmental tourism organizations have a positive impact on the formation of international economic relations.

- International tourism is a hub for "import - export" of foreign currency, contributing to the development of international foreign exchange relations.

In Vietnam, international tourism is a bridge for economic exchange closely related to the policies of the Party and the State. In international tourism business, tourists can be businessmen. Expanding international tourism is associated with increasing the number of customers served, in which businessmen's travel to explore the market is emphasized. From there, tourism promotes investment, international trade, etc. In the conditions of backwardness and poverty, lack of investment capital, the need to modernize the Vietnamese economy is extremely important to promote the country's economic development. Tourism business activities themselves also develop in the direction of internationalization, because tourists often visit many countries in a long trip. The form of international joint ventures and associations in tourism business is a business method that brings high economic profits. Tourism business activities with high economic profits, in turn, stimulate foreign investment in tourism and strengthen the open door policy. Economic development practices in Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, etc. have chosen tourism as a direction to open the economy.

1.2.1.3 Other economic impacts of tourism activities in general

Tourism increases budget revenue for localities developing tourism.

calendar.



Tourism activities develop, creating budget revenue for localities from budget deductions of tourism establishments under the direct management of the locality and from taxes payable by tourism businesses operating in the area.

Tourism contributes to promoting the development of other economic sectors. Tourism business activities require interdisciplinary support, the requirement for interdisciplinary support is the support of other sectors such as transportation, finance, post, customs, etc. For social production, tourism opens a market for goods consumption. On the other hand, tourism development creates conditions for tourists to explore the market, sign contracts for domestic production and business, and take advantage of technical facilities in other economic sectors.

Tourism development will expand and improve economic infrastructure such as public transport networks, electricity and water networks, mass media, etc.

In terms of capital efficiency, tourism is an attractive sector compared to many other economic sectors. Tourism brings high profit margins, because the investment capital in tourism is relatively small compared to some sectors such as heavy industry, transportation, etc., but the ability to recover capital is fast, and the technology is not complicated. Especially in the field of supplementary service business, the need for investment capital is even less than in the field of basic service business, but it attracts more labor and recovers capital faster.

Economically, tourism is an effective means of promoting and advertising domestic goods abroad through tourists.

1.2.2 Social impacts of tourism activities

Tourism contributes to creating jobs for people. According to the world statistics in 2000, tourism is an important job-creating industry. The number of workers in tourism-related activities accounts for 10.7% of the total global workforce. Every 2.5 million seconds, tourism creates a new job. According to WHO forecasts, in 2010 the tourism industry will create about 150 million more jobs, mainly concentrated in the Asia-Pacific region.



Normally, natural tourism resources are often abundant in remote mountainous areas, coastal areas or many other remote areas. Exploiting and putting these resources into use requires investment in all aspects: transportation, post, etc. Therefore, developing tourism in these areas changes the socio-economic landscape of those areas, and thus contributes to reducing population concentration in central areas.

Socially, tourism is an effective means of advertising and promoting economic, political, cultural, social achievements, introducing people, customs, etc. of the host country.

Tourism increases people's general understanding of society through people from other places and foreign visitors.

Tourism increases solidarity, friendship, and understanding between people of different regions and between people of different countries.

Tourism awakens traditional craft villages of ethnic groups for various reasons.

after:


- Tourists often love to buy ethnic souvenirs, which are products of traditional handicrafts.

- Cultural tourists are increasingly numerous, they often visit scenic spots, historical relics, and ethnic cultures. Therefore, the restoration and maintenance of these relics are increasingly concerned. Traditional ethnic handicrafts serve purposes that have more favorable conditions for restoration and development such as: inlay, engraving, lacquer, carving, statue making, silk painting, embroidery, etc.

1.2.3 Some negative impacts of tourism activities

Massive, unplanned tourism development creates profits in the short term, but in the long term, tourism can damage cultural and historical heritages, reducing their value.

Poor management of tourism activities by local authorities sometimes causes disadvantages for business activities, creates unprofessional buying and selling habits that cause negative impressions among tourists and leaves negative images of the locality and its people.



Tourism has a strong impact on local landscapes and natural environments:

- Impact on water demand and quality: Tourism is a water-consuming industry, even consuming more domestic water than the local water demand.

- Wastewater: If there is no wastewater collection system for hotels and restaurants, wastewater will seep into underground water tanks or neighboring water bodies (rivers, lakes, seas), spreading many diseases such as worms, intestinal diseases, skin diseases, eye diseases or polluting water bodies, causing harm to the landscape and aquaculture.

- Garbage: Littering is a common problem in all tourist areas. This causes loss of landscape, unsanitary conditions, affects public health and causes social conflicts.

- Air pollution: Although considered a "smokeless industry", tourism can cause air pollution through exhaust emissions from motorbikes and boats, especially in key areas and main traffic routes, causing damage to trees, wildlife and limestone and concrete constructions.

- Energy: Energy consumption in tourist areas is often inefficient and wasteful.

- Noise pollution: Noise from vehicles and tourists can be a nuisance to local residents and other visitors, including wildlife.

- Landscape pollution: Landscape pollution can be caused by hotels and restaurants with ugly and crude architecture, inappropriate tiling materials, unscientific service arrangements, excessive use of advertising media, especially ugly media, widespread electric wires and poles, poor maintenance of construction works and landscapes. Chaotic, mixed, and messy tourism development is one of the worst environmental degradation activities.

- Ecological disturbance: Uncontrolled tourism development can impact the land (erosion, landslides), change habitats, and threaten

Comment


Agree Privacy Policy *