Research on the diversity of woody plants in Pac Bo special-use forest area, Ha Quang district, Cao Bang province

THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY

UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY

--------------------------------

VUONG ANH DUNG

RESEARCH ON DIVERSITY OF WOODEN PLANTS IN PAC BO SPECIAL-USE FOREST AREA, HA QUANG DISTRICT, CAO BANG PROVINCE

MASTER'S THESIS IN FORESTRY

Thai Nguyen - 2020

THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY

UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY

--------------------------------

VUONG ANH DUNG

RESEARCH ON DIVERSITY OF WOODEN PLANTS IN PAC BO SPECIAL-USE FOREST AREA, HA QUANG DISTRICT, CAO BANG PROVINCE

FIELD: FORESTRY CODE: 8.62.02.01

MASTER'S THESIS IN FORESTRY

SCIENTIFIC INSTRUCTOR: DR. DO HOANG CHUNG

Thai Nguyen - 2020

COMMITMENT

I hereby certify that the data and research results in this thesis are honest, complete, of clear origin and have not been used to defend any academic degree. The information and references used in this thesis have all been clearly stated in their sources, and all assistance in the preparation of this thesis has been acknowledged.

I am responsible to the Thesis Defense Council, the Graduate Management Office and the school for the information and data in the topic.

Thai Nguyen, November 2020

The author guarantees

Vuong Anh Dung

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

With the consent of the school's Board of Directors, the Board of Directors of the Faculty of Forestry, Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry, especially the enthusiastic help of the teacher, the instructor Dr. Do Hoang Chung, I conducted the research on the topic: "Research on the diversity of woody plants in the Pac Bo special-use forest area, Ha Quang district, Cao Bang province" . I would like to express my deep gratitude to the school's Board of Directors, the Board of Directors of the Faculty of Forestry, and all the teachers who have enthusiastically guided me throughout my time studying at the school. I would like to thank the leaders of the Pac Bo National Special Relic Management Board and the leaders of Truong Ha commune, Ha Quang district, Cao Bang province, and the people in Truong Ha commune - Ha Quang, for creating conditions to help me during my internship to complete my graduation thesis. In particular, I would like to express my gratitude to the instructors, the instructors of Dr. Do Hoang Chung. Do Hoang Chung, I would like to thank you for your attention and enthusiastic help, which has guided and helped me complete this thesis.

Due to limited time and experience, the thesis is inevitably flawed. I look forward to receiving comments from teachers and friends to make the thesis more complete.

Thank you very much!

Thai Nguyen, November 2020

Thesis author

Vuong Anh Dung

INDEX

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ii

TABLE OF CONTENTS iii

LIST OF SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS v

LIST OF TABLES

LIST OF FIGURES vii

INTRODUCTION 1

1. Problem statement 1

2. Research objectives of topic 2

2.1. General objective 2

2.2. Specific objectives 3

3. Meaning of topic 3

3.1. Meaning in science 3

3.2. Practical significance 3

CHAPTER 1. DOCUMENT OVERVIEW 4

1.1. Research in the world 4

1.2. Domestic research situation 8

1.3. Overview of the research area 14

1.3.1. Geographical location 14

1.3.2. Climate-hydrology 14

1.3.3. Socio-economic characteristics of Truong Ha commune, Ha Quang district 16

CHAPTER 2 18

OBJECTS, CONTENT AND METHODS OF RESEARCH 18

2.1. Research subjects 18

2.2. Research content 18

2.3. Research methods 18

2.3.1. Method of inheriting existing documents 18

2.3.2. Expert method 18

2.3.3. Investigation method 18

2.3.4. Interview method: 20

2.3.5. Methods of evaluation, analysis and data processing 21

CHAPTER 3 24

RESEARCH RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 24

3.1. Diversity of vegetation types 24

3.1.1. Evergreen closed forest vegetation type on rocky mountains 24

3.1.2. Vegetation type of evergreen closed forest on soil mountain 26

3.1.3. Types of planted forests 27

3.2. Diversity of woody plants 28

3.2.1. Species-level diversity 28

3.2.2. Diversity index of woody plant taxa 31

3.2.3. Diversity of the 32nd branch

3.2.4. Family diversity 34

3.2.5. Diversity of life forms 34

3.2.6. Diversity of uses 35

3.2.7. Diversity of rare genetic resources 36

3.3. Analysis of some factors affecting the biodiversity of woody plants 38

3.3.1. Direct cause 38

3.3.2. Indirect causes 40

3.4. Proposing some solutions to conserve woody plants, especially rare species in Pac Bo Special-use Forest 42

3.4.1. Economic development, increasing income for the community 42

3.4.2. Strengthening forest management and protection 43

3.4.3. Raising awareness among the community about biodiversity protection..44

3.4.4. Strengthening scientific research programs for conservation 45

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 46

CONCLUSION 46

PROPOSAL 46

REFERENCES 48

APPENDIX........................................................................................................................

LIST OF SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS

BTTN Biodiversity

People's Committee Office

National Park

Abbreviations

Content

Biodiversity Nature Conservation Reserves

People's Committee

National Park

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LIST OF TABLES

Table 2.1. Use value of woody plant species 22

Table 2.2 Classification scale of woody plant life forms in the study area according to

Raunkiaer's method (1934) 23

Table 3.1 Summary of woody plant list in Pac Bo special-use forest 28

Table 3.2. Number of species and percentage of woody plant species of Pac Bo special-use forest with Than Sa - Phuong Hoang, Yen Tu, Dong Son - Ky Thuong, Xuan Lien 31 Nature Reserves

Table 3.3. Diversity indices of woody plant taxa 31

Table 3.4 Family and genus indices of Pac Bo special-use forest compared to Than Sa

Phoenix, Yen Tu, Dong Son - Ky Thuong, Xuan Lien. 32

Table 3.5 Number of species and genera of 10 families of woody plants in Pac Bo special-use forest 32

Table 3.6 Genera with the largest number of species in the study area 33

Table 3.7 Life form spectrum of flora of Pac Bo Special-use Forest 35

Table 3.1 Use value of flora 33

Table 3.9 Rare plants in the study area 37