Research on the current status and proposed solutions for conservation of Pseudotsuga brevifolia WC Cheng & LKFu, 1975 in Nguyen Binh district, Cao Bang province

THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY

UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY

MAC VAN CUONG

RESEARCH ON THE CURRENT SITUATION AND PROPOSED CONSERVATION SOLUTIONS FOR THE SHORT-LEAF Pseudo-Suga Brevifolia ( PSEUDOTSUGA BREVIFOLIA WC CHENG & LKFU, 1975) IN NGUYEN BINH DISTRICT, CAO BANG PROVINCE

MASTER'S THESIS IN FORESTRY

Thai Nguyen, 2020

THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY

UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY

MAC VAN CUONG

Industry: Forestry Code: 8620201

MASTER'S THESIS IN FORESTRY

Scientific supervisor: Dr. Le Van Phuc

Thai Nguyen, 2020

COMMITMENT

I hereby certify that the data and research results in this thesis are true and have never been used to defend any academic degree. I certify that all assistance in completing this thesis has been acknowledged and all information cited in the thesis has been clearly indicated.

Thesis author

Mac Van Cuong

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

During the time of researching, investigating data and completing the thesis, I received enthusiastic help from many groups and individuals inside and outside the school.

First of all, I would like to sincerely thank Dr. Le Van Phuc for his direct scientific guidance and help throughout my thesis research.

I would like to sincerely thank the teachers in the Faculty of Forestry, the teachers in the Training Department of Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry who directly taught and helped me throughout my study and research.

I would like to sincerely thank the leaders and staff of Nguyen Binh District Forest Protection Department and the leaders of Trieu Nguyen and Ca Thanh Commune People's Committees for providing the actual data and necessary information for me to complete this thesis.

I would like to thank my friends, colleagues and family members for their concern, encouragement and valuable comments during the process of completing my thesis.

Due to time, human resources and objective difficulties, this thesis certainly cannot avoid shortcomings. I look forward to receiving comments from teachers, colleagues and friends to improve the thesis.

Thai Nguyen, October 2020

The performer

Mac Van Cuong

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INDEX

COMMITMENT i

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ii

TABLE OF CONTENTS iii

LIST OF TABLES

LIST OF FIGURES

INTRODUCTION 1

1. Urgency of the topic 1

2. Research objectives. 2

3. Scientific and practical significance of topic 3

3.1. Scientific significance 3

3.2. Practical significance of topic 3

CHAPTER 1. OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH ISSUES 4

1.1. World research 4

1.1.1. Studies on the Pinophyta 4

1.1.2. Studies on the Pinaceae family 5

1.1.3. Research on the genus Pseudotsuga and the species Pseudotsuga shortleaf 6

1.1.3.1. About the fake Ironclad 6 branch

1.1.3.2. About the species Short-leafed Pseudocyanococcus 6

1.2. Research results in Vietnam 9

1.2.1. Studies on the Pinophyta 9

1.2.2. Studies on the Pinaceae family and its species 11

1.2.3. Research results on the genus Pseudotsuga and the species Pseudotsuga shortleaf 17

1.2.3.1. About the genus Pseudotsuga 17

1.2.3.2. About the species Short-leafed Pseudocyanococcus 19

1.3. Natural conditions - Socio-economics of the research area 22

1.3.1. Natural conditions 22

Table 1.1: Soil of Nguyen Binh district 24

1.3.2. Socio-economic situation of the research area 26

1.4. Discuss and define research problem 30

CHAPTER 2. RESEARCH CONTENT AND METHODS 32

2.1. Research object and scope 32

2.2. Research content 32

2.3. Research methods 32

2.3.1. Methodology 32

2.3.2. Inheritance method 34

2.3.3. Field investigation method 34

2.3.3.1. Research method on morphological and phenological characteristics of Ironwood species

short leaf pseudo 34

2.3.3.2. Method of studying ecological characteristics of the species Short-leafed Pseudocyanococcus...34

2.3.3.4. Research method on regeneration characteristics of short-leafed Cyperus rotundus 36

2.3.3.5. Impact assessment method 37

2.3.4. Data processing method 37

CHAPTER 3. RESEARCH RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 40

3.1. Morphological characteristics, phenology and distribution according to elevation of the species Short-leafed Pseudocyanococcus 40

3.1.1. Morphological characteristics 40

3.1.2. Phenological characteristics of the species Short-leafed Pseudocyanococcus 44

3.1.3. Assessment of the distribution and ecology of the short-leafed Pseudocyanococcus species in Nguyen Binh district 44

3.2. Forestry characteristics of short-leafed Pseudocyanococcus species in Nguyen Binh district 47

3.2.1. Characteristics involved in the structure of forest plant communities with the species of False Ironwood

short leaves distributed 47

3.2.2. Regeneration characteristics of the species Short-leafed Pseudocyanococcus 50

3.3. Propose some solutions for management and conservation of the Short-leafed Pseudocyanococcus species in the research area. 60

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 62

1. Conclusion 62

2. Recommendation 63

REFERENCES 64

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1.1: Soil of Nguyen Binh district 24

Table 3.1. Size of mature short-leafed Dracaena

in Nguyen Binh district, Cao Bang 41

Table 3.2. Size of mature short-leafed Dracaena fruticosa plant

in Ha Giang province 41

Table 3.3. Statistics of investigated OTCs with short-leafed Pseudocyanococcus species distributed 45

Table 3.4. Basic climate indicators in 3 years in Nguyen Binh district 46

Table 3.5. Forest density structure where the species of Short-leaved Pseudocyrrhiza glabra is distributed 48

Table 3.6. Forest composition structure with short-leaved Pseudocyanococcus species

distributed at the slope position 49

Table 3.7. Forest composition structure with short-leaved Pseudocyanococcus species

distributed at the top of mountain 50

Table 3.8. Composition of regenerated trees in forests with short-leaved Pseudocyanococcus species distributed ...51

Table 3.9. Regeneration density and rate of promising regenerated trees 52

Table 3.10. Quality and origin of regenerated trees 53

Table 3.11. Summary of the density of regenerated short-leafed Cyperus species

at height levels 54

Table 3.12. Characteristics of shrub and fresh carpet layers 56

Table 3.13. Effect of canopy cover on regeneration of short-leafed Cyperus rotundus ...57

Table 3.14. Influence of terrain on natural regeneration

of the species Short-leafed Pseudocyanococcus 58

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 3.1: Natural short-leafed Dracaena fruticosa 40

Figure 3.2: Carved marks on the trunk of the short-leafed false ironwood 40

Figure 3.3. Front of short-leaf false ironwood leaf 43

Figure 3.4. Back of short-leafed false ironwood leaf 43

Figure 3.5. Morphology of cones and seeds of short-leafed Pseudocyanococcus 44

Figure 3.6. Distribution of regenerated short-leafed Dracaena fruticosa trees according to height class in Nguyen Binh 55

Research on the current status and proposed solutions for conservation of Pseudotsuga brevifolia WC Cheng & LKFu, 1975 in Nguyen Binh district, Cao Bang province - 1

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