HANOI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
UNIVERSITY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES
VU THI PHUONG
RESEARCH ON SUSTAINABLE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN YEN ISLAND, KHANH HOA
MASTER'S THESIS IN TOURISM
HANOI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
UNIVERSITY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES
VU THI PHUONG
RESEARCH ON SUSTAINABLE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN YEN ISLAND, KHANH HOA
MASTER'S THESIS IN TOURISM
Code: 8810101
SCIENTIFIC INSTRUCTOR: ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR, DR. PHAM HONG LONG
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
After a period of research, document study, field survey, with the enthusiastic help of the instructor and the efforts of the author, the topic: "Research on sustainable tourism development in Yen Island, Khanh Hoa " was completed.
First of all, the author would like to express his deep gratitude to Associate Professor, Dr. Pham Hong Long, Head of the Faculty of Tourism Studies , who directly guided the author throughout the process of conducting this research topic.
The author would also like to thank the businesses and residents on Yen Island who helped the author during the process of implementing and completing the topic.
Although the author has tried very hard, the research topic is certainly not without errors. I look forward to receiving comments from teachers so that the author's research work can be more complete.
Thank you very much!
Hanoi June 2020 Student
Vu Thi Phuong
INDEX
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS LIST OF TABLES AND CHARTS
INTRODUCTION 1
1. Reasons for choosing topic 1
2. Purpose of topic 2
3. Tasks of topic 2
4. Research subject 3
5. Research scope 3
6. Research method 3
7. Structure of the thesis 5
CHAPTER 1. THEORETICAL BASIS OF SUSTAINABLE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT 6
1.1. Some concepts related to the research problem 6
1.1.1. Concept of tourism 6
1.1.2. Concept of sustainable development 7
1.2. The need to develop sustainable sea and island tourism in our country 9
1.3. Sustainable tourism development 10
1.3.1. Concept 10
1.3.2. Characteristics of sustainable tourism development 13
1.3.3. Goals and principles of sustainable tourism development 15
1.3.4. Contents of sustainable tourism development work 17
1.3.5. Criteria for evaluating sustainable tourism development 22
1.3.6. Factors affecting sustainable tourism development 25
1.4. Some models of sustainable tourism development 28
1.4.1. Some models of sustainable tourism development in the world 28
1.4.2. Some models of sustainable tourism development in Vietnam 30
1.4.3. Lessons learned for sustainable tourism development 34
1.5. Summary of chapter 1 35
CHAPTER 2. CURRENT STATE OF SUSTAINABLE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN YEN ISLAND, KHANH HOA 37
2.1. General overview of Yen Island, Khanh Hoa 37
2.1.1. General introduction to Yen Island, Khanh Hoa 37
2.1.2. Natural tourism resources 39
2.1.3. Cultural tourism resources 41
2.2. Current status of tourism development in Yen Island, Khanh Hoa 42
2.2.1. Results of assessing the current status of sustainable tourism economic growth in Yen Island 42
2.2.2. Results of assessing the current economic growth status of the tourism industry associated with promoting progress, social equity and preserving and promoting cultural values at Yen Island 67
2.2.3. Results of assessment of the current status of tourism economic growth associated with protection of natural tourism resources and protection of ecological environment 73
2.3. General assessment of sustainable tourism development in Yen Island, Khanh Hoa 78
2.3.1. Achievements 78
2.3.2. Limitations, problems and causes 79
2.4. Summary of Chapter 2 81
CHAPTER 3. SOLUTIONS TO DEVELOP SUSTAINABLE TOURISM IN YEN ISLAND, KHANH HOA 82
3.1. Orientation for tourism development in Yen Island, Khanh Hoa 82
3.1.1. Perspectives and goals of sustainable tourism development 82
3.1.2. Orientation for tourism development in Yen Island 84
3.2. Solutions for sustainable tourism development in Yen Island 89
3.2.1. Solutions for tourism management organization 89
3.2.2. Solutions for developing tourism products on Yen Island 90
3.2.3. Solutions for developing tourism human resources in Yen Island 91
3.2.4. Solutions on infrastructure and facilities for tourism development 92
3.2.5. Tourism development solutions associated with protecting tourism resources and the environment 93
3.2.6. Solutions to link local communities with tourism development 94
3.2.7. Solutions to promote and advertise tourism in Yen Island 95
3.3. Some recommendations 97
3.4. Summary of chapter 3 98
CONCLUSION 99
REFERENCES 101
APPENDIX
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
: Tourist accommodation | |
DL | : Tourism |
GDP | : Gross domestic product |
People's Council | : People's Council |
QLNN | : State Management |
People's Committee | : People's Committee |
Culture, Sports and Tourism | : Culture - Sports - Tourism |
WTO | : World Tourism Organization - World Tourism Organization |
Maybe you are interested!
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Identify Rating Levels and Rating Scales
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of the islanders. Therefore, this indicator will be divided into two sub-indicators:
a1. Natural tourism attractiveness a2. Cultural tourism attractiveness
b. Tourist capacity
The two island communes in Quan Lan have different capacities to receive tourists. Minh Chau Commune is home to many standard hotels and resorts, attracting high-income domestic and international tourists. Meanwhile, Quan Lan Commune has many motels mainly built and operated by local people, so the scale and quality are not high, and will be suitable for ordinary tourists such as students.
c. Time of exploitation of Quan Lan Island Commune:
Quan Lan tourism is seasonal due to weather and climate conditions and festivals only take place on certain days of the year, specifically in spring. In Quan Lan commune, the period from April to June and from September to November is considered the best time to visit Quan Lan because the cultural tourism activities are mainly associated with festivals taking place during this time.
Minh Chau island commune:
Tourism exploitation time is all year round, because this is a place with a number of tourist attractions with diverse ecosystems such as Bai Tu Long National Park Research Center, Tram forest, Turtle Laying Beach, so besides coming to the beach for tourism and vacation in the summer, Minh Chau will attract research groups to come for tourism combined with research at other times of the year.
d. Sustainability
The sustainability of ecotourism sites in Quan Lan and Minh Chau communes depends on the sensitivity of the ecosystems to climate changes.
landscape. In general, these tourist destinations have a fairly high level of sustainability, because they are natural ecosystems, planned and protected. However, if a large number of tourists gather at certain times, it can exceed the carrying capacity and affect the sustainability of the environment (polluted beaches, damaged trees, animals moving away from their habitats, etc.), then the sustainability of the above ecosystems (natural ecosystems, human ecosystems) will also be affected and become less sustainable.
e. Location and accessibility
Both island communes have ports to take tourists to visit from Van Don wharf:
- Quan Lan – Van Don traffic route:
Phuc Thinh – Viet Anh high-speed boat and Quang Minh high-speed boat, depart at 8am and 2pm from Van Don to Quan Lan, and at 7am and 1pm from Quan Lan to Van Don. There are also wooden boats departing at 7am and 1pm.
- Van Don - Minh Chau traffic route:
Chung Huong high-speed train, Minh Chau train, morning 7:30 and afternoon 13:30 from Van Don to Minh Chau, morning 6:30 and afternoon 13:00 from Minh Chau to Van Don.
f. Infrastructure
Despite receiving investment attention, the issue of infrastructure and technical facilities for tourism on Quan Lan Island is still an issue that needs to be resolved because it has a direct impact on the implementation of ecotourism activities. The minimum conditions for serving tourists such as accommodation, electricity, water, communication, especially medical services, and security work need to be given top priority. Ecotourism spots in Minh Chau commune are assessed to have better infrastructure and technical facilities for tourism because there are quite complete and synchronous conditions for serving tourists, meeting many needs of domestic and foreign tourists.
3.2.1.4. Determine assessment levels and assessment scales
Corresponding to the levels of each criterion, the index is the score of those levels in the order of 4, 3, 2, 1 decreasing according to the standard of each level: very attractive (4), attractive (3), average (2), less attractive (1).
3.2.1.5. Determining the coefficients of the criteria
For the assessment of DLST in the two communes of Quan Lan and Minh Chau islands, the students added evaluation coefficients to show the importance of the criteria and indicators as follows:
Coefficient 3 with criteria: Attractiveness, Exploitation time. These are the 2 most important criteria for attracting tourists to tourism in general and eco-tourism in particular, so they have the highest coefficient.
Coefficient 2 with criteria: Capacity, Infrastructure, Location and accessibility . Because the assessment area is an island commune of Van Don district, the above criteria are selected by the author with appropriate coefficients at the average level.
Coefficient 1 with criteria: Sustainability. Quan Lan has natural and human-made ecotourism sites, with high biodiversity and little impact from local human factors. Most of the ecotourism sites are still wild, so they are highly sustainable.
3.2.1.6. Results of DLST assessment on Quan Lan island
a. Assessment of the potential for natural tourism development
For Minh Chau commune:
+ Natural tourism attractiveness is determined to be very attractive (4 points) and the most important coefficient (coefficient 3), so the score of the Attractiveness criterion is 4 x 3 = 12.
+ Capacity is determined as average (2 points) and the coefficient is quite important (coefficient 2), then the score of Capacity criterion is 2 x 2 = 4.
+ Exploitation time is long (4 points), the most important coefficient (coefficient 3) so the score of the Exploitation time criterion is 4 x 3 = 12.
+ Sustainability is determined as sustainable (4 points), the important coefficient is the average coefficient (coefficient 1), so the score of the Sustainability criterion is 4 x 1 = 4 points
+ Location and accessibility are determined to be quite favorable (2 points), the coefficient is quite important (coefficient 2), the criterion score is 2 x 2 = 4 points.
+ Infrastructure is assessed as good (3 points), the coefficient is quite important (coefficient 2), then the score of the Infrastructure criterion is 3 x 2 = 6 points.
The total score for evaluating DLST in Minh Chau commune according to 6 evaluation criteria is determined as: 12 + 4 + 12 + 4 + 4 + 6 = 42 points
Similar assessment for Quan Lan commune, we have the following table:
Table 3.3: Assessment of the potential for natural ecotourism development in Quan Lan and Minh Chau communes
Attractiveness of self-tourismof course
Capacity
Mining time
Sustainability
Location and accessibility
Infrastructure
Result
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
CommuneMinh Chau
12
12
4
8
12
12
4
4
4
8
6
8
42/52
Quan CommuneLan
6
12
6
8
9
12
4
4
4
8
4
8
33/52
b. Assessment of the potential for humanistic tourism development
For Quan Lan commune:
+ The attractiveness of human tourism is determined to be very attractive (4 points) and the most important coefficient (coefficient 3), so the score of the Attractiveness criterion is 4 x 3 = 12.
+ Capacity is determined to be large (3 points) and the coefficient is quite important (coefficient 2), then the score of the Capacity criterion is 3 x 2 = 6.
+ Mining time is average (3 points), the most important coefficient (coefficient 3) so the score of the Mining time criterion is 3 x 3 = 9.
+ Sustainability is determined as sustainable (4 points), the important coefficient is the average coefficient (coefficient 1), so the score of the Sustainability criterion is 4 x 1 = 4 points.
+ Location and accessibility are determined to be quite favorable (2 points), the coefficient is quite important (coefficient 2), the criterion score is 2 x 2 = 4 points.
+ Infrastructure is rated as average (2 points), the coefficient is quite important (coefficient 2), then the score of the Infrastructure criterion is 2 x 2 = 4 points.
The total score for evaluating DLST in Quan Lan commune according to 6 evaluation criteria is determined as: 12 + 6 + 6 + 4 + 4 + 4 = 36 points.
Similar assessment with Minh Chau commune we have the following table:
Table 3.4: Assessment of the potential for developing humanistic eco-tourism in Quan Lan and Minh Chau communes
Attractiveness of human tourismliterature
Capacity
Mining time
Sustainability
Location and accessibility
Infrastructure
Result
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
Quan CommuneLan
12
12
6
8
9
12
4
4
4
8
4
8
39/52
Minh CommuneChau
6
12
4
8
12
12
4
4
4
8
6
8
36/52
Basically, both Minh Chau and Quan Lan localities have quite favorable conditions for developing ecotourism. However, Quan Lan commune has more advantages to develop ecotourism in a humanistic direction, because this is an area with many famous historical relics such as Quan Lan Communal House, Quan Lan Pagoda, Temple worshiping the hero Tran Khanh Du, ... along with local festivals held annually such as the wind praying ceremony (March 15), Quan Lan festival (June 10-19); due to its location near the port and long exploitation time, the beaches in Quan Lan commune (especially Quan Lan beach) are no longer hygienic and clean to ensure the needs of tourists coming to relax and swim; this is also an area with many beautiful landscapes such as Got Beo wind pass, Ong Phong head, Voi Voi cave, but the ability to access these places is still very limited (dirt hill road, lots of gravel and rocks), especially during rainy and windy times; In addition, other natural resources such as mangrove forests and sea worms have not been really exploited for tourism purposes and ecotourism development. On the contrary, Minh Chau commune has more advantages in developing ecotourism in the direction of natural tourism, this is an area with diverse ecosystems such as at Rua De Beach, Bai Tu Long National Park Conservation Center...; Minh Chau beach is highly appreciated for its natural beauty and cleanliness, ranked in the top ten most beautiful beaches in Vietnam; Minh Chau commune is also home to Tram forest with a large area and a purity of up to 90%, suitable for building bridges through the forest (a very effective type of natural ecotourism currently applied by many countries) for tourists to sightsee, as well as for the purpose of studying and researching.
Figure 3.1: Thenmala Forest Bridge (India) Source: https://www.thenmalaecotourism.com/(August 21, 2019)
3.2.2. Using SWOT matrix to evaluate Quan Lan island tourism
General assessment of current tourism activities of Quan Lan island is shown through the following SWOT matrix:
Table 3.5: SWOT matrix evaluating tourism activities on Quan Lan island
Internal agent
Strengths- There is a lot of potential for tourism development, especially natural ecotourism and humanistic ecotourism.- The unskilled labor force is relatively abundant.- resource environmentunpolluted, still
Weaknesses- Poorly developed infrastructure, especially traffic routes to tourist destinations on the island.- The team of professional staff is still weak.- Tourism products in general
quite wild, originalintact
general and DLST in particularalone is monotonous.
External agents
Opportunity- Tourism is a key industry in the socio-economic development strategy of the province and Van Don economic zone.- Quan Lan was selected as a pilot area for eco-tourism development within the framework of the green growth project between Quang Ninh province and the Japanese organization JICA.- The flow of tourists and especially ecotourism in the world tends toincreasing
Challenge- Weather and climate change abnormally.- Competition in tourism products is increasingly fierce, especially with other localities in the province such as Ha Long, Mong Cai...- Awareness of tourists, especially domestic tourists, about ecotourism and nature conservation is not high.
Through summary analysis using SWOT matrix we see that:
To exploit strengths and take advantage of opportunities, it is necessary to:
- Diversify products and service types (build more tourism routes aimed at specific needs of tourists: experiential tourism immersed in nature, spiritual cultural tourism...)
- Effective exploitation of resources and differentiated products (natural resources and human resources)
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Research on sustainable tourism development in Ha Long Bay area - 9 -
Research on sustainable tourism development in Ha Long Bay area - 2 -
Research and propose solutions to protect the environment in the direction of sustainable tourism development in Binh Thuan province - 19 -
Research and propose solutions to protect the environment in the direction of sustainable tourism development in Binh Thuan province - 15
LIST OF TABLES AND CHARTS
Table 2.1. Revenue from tourism activities in the period 2016-2018 42
Table 2.2. Added value of Yen Island tourism industry in the period 2014-2018 45
Table 2.3. Opinions on tourism resources and services on Yen Island 48
Table 2.4. Tourism facilities on Yen Island 52
Table 2.5. Current status of tourism labor on Yen Island, Khanh Hoa 54
Table 2.6. Assessment of professionalism and service attitude of employees in tourism businesses 55
Table 2.7. Structure of tourists in the period 2014-2018 59
Table 2.8. Average length of stay of tourists in Khanh Hoa 63
Table 2.9. Average spending of tourists in Khanh Hoa 64
Table 2.9. Survey of tourist satisfaction when visiting Yen Island 66
Table 2.10. Comments on the planning of Yen Island 74
Table 2.11. Assessment of environmental protection awareness in tourism 77
Chart 2.1. Growth in tourism revenue of Yen Island in the period 2014-2018 43
Chart 2.2. Opinions of business establishments on the contribution of tourism to economic growth 44
Chart 2.3. Added value of Yen Island tourism in the period 2014-2018 45
Chart 2.4. Sending employees for training at business establishments 55
Table 2.5. Tourists to Khanh Hoa province in the period 2014-2018 59
Table 2.6. Structure of tourists coming to Yen Island in the period 2014-2018 60
Chart 2.6. Survey of Tourists' Intention to Return to Yen Island 66
Chart 2.7. Survey of business participation in local social activities 69
Figure 1.1. Relationship between factors in sustainable development 7
Figure 1.2. Sustainable tourism development contents 17
Figure 2.1. Yen Island - Hon Noi 38