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Proposing Some Solutions To Promote Group Social Work Activities For Orphans In Child Care Facilities


Fourth, the author needs to learn from experience in keeping videos and images of group activities.

4.2. Proposing some solutions to promote group social work activities for orphans at child care facilities

4.2.1. General solutions

4.2.1.1. Solutions for orphans

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To successfully implement social work activities, it not only depends on the role of the facility manager and social workers, but the children's side is considered a very important part for the success of the activities. Therefore, to successfully implement social work activities, it requires factors originating from the children:

Cooperation and willingness to help, willingness to share their needs and difficulties with social workers. Many children today are still shy and do not dare to express their thoughts, feelings and difficulties. They are limited in communication skills and are not bold enough to share. That is a barrier to the support process from social workers.

Proposing Some Solutions To Promote Group Social Work Activities For Orphans In Child Care Facilities

Identifying their position and situation: many TEMCs do not identify their difficulties, shortcomings and real circumstances in order to strive and improve in life. If children understand their situation, always strive in studying and in life, are willing to open up and share difficulties with NVCTXH and participate in solving problems. Only then can the role of NVCTXH be carried out smoothly and effectively.

Demonstrate a sense of responsibility towards oneself and the Children's Village/Center: in life, the responsibility of each individual is the key to creating success and comprehensive, sustainable development for an organization or agency. Especially at TEMC care facilities - where many children are raised, each child has a different personality, perspective on life and circumstances. Therefore, for the Children's Village/Center to develop, each young individual needs to demonstrate their sense of responsibility, not be afraid of difficulties, always cooperate with the team of social workers in all activities and circumstances to overcome difficulties and develop together.

In addition, actively learning and proposing one's own needs and wishes are also considered important factors that help NVCTXH successfully complete social work activities. Currently, most children, especially older children, have the same concerns.


worry about their jobs when they grow up. However, not all children are bold enough to express their desire to learn about careers and propose group activities and career counseling sessions. Therefore, each child needs to actively study and improve their knowledge about careers through books, newspapers and the Internet at the Children's Village/Center library. In addition, it is necessary to propose to the Social Worker to organize group activities for children who have the same concerns about career orientation and jobs right from their junior high school years, in order to help them discover their strengths and interests as well as gain certain understanding of the labor market.

Actively participate in activities organized by the facility. These activities can be regular extracurricular activities or social work intervention activities. The activity will be successful if the child actively participates and shows a willingness to learn, share and understand.

In addition, many children do not know how to face difficult problems and try to avoid them, which is not a good solution. If they face them themselves and seek help from social workers, the difficulties will be resolved well.

In addition, compliance with the rules when participating in CTXHN intervention sessions is also considered a factor that needs to be changed. Because, for CTXHN intervention activities to be successful, children need to follow the requirements of the coordinator; participate in all intervention processes; contribute their opinions to group meetings; propose solutions if they find them reasonable; actively interact with group members; strive together and perform well the activities and goals set by the group.

Children should proactively seek information related to psychology, puberty, economic, cultural, social knowledge as well as law and knowledge of self-care and self-safety.

4.2.1.2. Solutions for social workers working in facilities

Social workers play an important role and are a catalyst to help the activities of the facility operate effectively and optimally. However, the current reality shows that social workers at childcare facilities have not yet fully promoted their capabilities and roles in supporting TEMC. Therefore, specific solutions are needed to promote the role of social workers in intervention and support for TEMC groups at childcare facilities. These are requirements such as:


Knowledge: improve professional knowledge of social work in general and childcare in particular. In reality, the team of social workers working at childcare facilities does not have enough expertise in social work when all 3 facilities have a total of 152 employees but only 26 social workers have expertise in social work, most of whom are retrained, short-term trained, only 4 social workers have bachelor's and master's degrees in social work. That has a significant impact on intervention and support strategies when groups of children encounter difficult problems as well as difficulties in the process of discovering and discovering the needs that children encounter but do not dare to share with others.

Cultivate knowledge about life skills education activities to support children to have the luggage to enter life. Life skills education activities will be more effective if NVCTXH organizes teaching according to age, problem, need and especially needs to organize in groups. Only when organized in groups and complying with the requirements of initiative, voluntariness as well as principles when participating in groups, then the effectiveness of life skills education activities will be truly effective.

Cultivate knowledge about career guidance/career value orientation, grasp the interests and abilities of each child, group of children as well as labor market needs, support resources for children, thereby helping them grasp the needs of the labor market, discover their own abilities and interests as well as prepare for their future plans. Having basic knowledge about career value orientation is the premise and basic condition, necessary and sufficient for support.

In addition to specialized knowledge of social work, social workers also need interdisciplinary knowledge of: Psychology; Sociology; Special Education; Law... to apply flexibly in the process of assisting individuals and groups of children.

Skills: Each social worker has basic skills such as: listening skills; empathy; collecting, analyzing and synthesizing information; coordination; skills working with children... In the process of intervening and assisting TEMC groups, social workers need to flexibly apply skills to approach, explore problems, difficulties and recognize the needs that children need support. However, in reality, the number of social workers who are mothers, aunts and people without professional qualifications and skills to work with TEMC is a barrier to social work activities at child care facilities. Therefore, the problems children encounter will be


not resolved and significantly affect children's learning, life, activities and future.

Attitude: To develop effective and professional social work activities, not only do we need the knowledge and skills of the social work staff, but we also need their attitude and responsibility. Currently, although the social work staff at the facilities have been working very dedicatedly, they also need to further enhance their sense of responsibility and always put the interests of children first. In addition, they need to set challenges and goals for themselves to organize social work activities to help children study well, develop their personalities and strengths, as well as participate in consulting, advising and orienting children's careers/career values... to help them develop most comprehensively and prevent possible difficulties.

NVCXTH needs to have many activities suitable for their interests and ages to attract TEMC to participate in the CTXHN intervention process. When children find the activities attractive, they will be more proactive and participate in activities more enthusiastically.

Social workers need to organize intervention activities interspersed with recreational activities to increase the fun of group activities, helping members enjoy participating in group activities more.

NVXTXH also needs to organize group activities at times when most members are free to help them have the most comfortable mindset to participate in group activities.

Thus, the specialization of the social workers is considered an important solution in developing social work intervention activities. Therefore, the problem is that the social workers need to improve their knowledge and skills in social work in general and social work in particular, along with a serious professional attitude and always put the interests of children first. Each social worker needs to regularly participate in short-term training courses to update the latest knowledge on methods and ways of intervention and support for TEMC, especially the social work method - a method that has not been effectively and widely applied in Vietnam, but it is very necessary in the working process for social workers, especially in current child care facilities.

4.2.1.3. Management solutions for orphanage facilities

Based on the results of a survey at current childcare facilities, the team of social workers at childcare facilities have professional qualifications in social work.


are still limited, which affects the CTXHN intervention activities for groups of children with common difficulties. There are many factors affecting the application of CTXHN methods with TEMC in child care facilities such as: factors related to mechanisms and policies; factors from the facility's leadership; factors from the team of social workers; factors from the children; factors related to facilities; factors related to the social community... Based on the above aspects, the author proposes a number of solutions to promote CTXHN activities in TEMC care facilities.

It is a recognized fact that in order for CTXHN activities with TEMC at TEMC care facilities to be effective and suitable to the needs and characteristics of each group of children, leaders of child care facilities need to:

- Coordinate with all levels to promote and further develop professional social work activities at the grassroots level, not just stopping at caring for and meeting basic needs for children. In addition to meeting those needs, there should be specific regulations on the duties of social workers in intervention and support activities for individuals and TEMC groups with common problems and difficulties;

Improve the quality of social workers at the facilities. In reality, the number of staff working at facilities with social work expertise is still limited. That has a significant impact on the quality of social work intervention activities in general and social work intervention in particular for TEMC groups.

Organize exchanges and share experiences on intervention and support activities for TEMC subjects. Through sharing and exchange sessions, facilities can create a network and learn management experiences as well as promote social work activities for TEMC subject groups.

Organize thematic discussions for the social workers themselves. The topics should be planned and flexible to suit the needs of children as well as the practical demands of society and can fill the gaps in knowledge and skills for the social workers. For each topic, it is necessary to invite experts with in-depth knowledge and skills to share and guide the discussion, especially topics on social work activities. Because social work is a fairly developed method and is well applied and popular in countries around the world, however, in Vietnam it has not been implemented effectively and popularly, while the effectiveness of this method is very good.


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There is a selection of staff when working directly with children, prioritizing and using staff with knowledge and skills in social work. For staff who do not have expertise in social work in general, especially social work in particular, they need to be given the opportunity to attend in-service classes and short-term training.

There is specialization in the activities of the facility. Currently, in the Children's Villages, the number of mothers and aunts is common, while in reality, it requires social workers with knowledge and skills in social work in general and social work in particular. Currently, mothers and aunts are mainly people with a 9/12, 12/12 educational level and almost do not deeply understand and apply social work knowledge and skills to detect problems and intervene to support children. That has a significant impact on the social work activities of the facility. Therefore, the problem is that there needs to be specialization of tasks in the facilities, each family needs a mother or aunt who is in charge of managing, caring for, and raising children and a social worker with expertise in performing intervention and support tasks for individuals and TEMC groups.

- Provide information technology knowledge to mothers and aunts at childcare facilities. Because when mothers and aunts have basic knowledge of information technology, they can search for information on the Internet related to the psychological and physiological characteristics of children of different ages as well as learn about the role of social workers, thereby participating in supporting, advising and consulting children in a timely manner.

It is necessary to encourage the team of mothers, aunts, and social workers at the facility to improve their knowledge of career guidance and life skills education to teach TEMC. In fact, most children have difficulty in choosing a career, have not yet determined their abilities, interests, and labor market needs. Therefore, if they receive career advice and counseling from the social workers, it will help children make appropriate choices. Therefore, each facility needs to orient and require the social workers to supplement basic knowledge about the professions in today's society, the system of universities, colleges, and vocational schools to support children promptly.

Further develop social work activities in terms of life skills education by group, age, and children's needs through the assistance of the social work team.

Institutions should organize regular competitions in various forms to help social workers participate and learn about different aspects related to social work.


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The role of social workers in general and social workers in particular in supporting TEMC groups. Through the competitions, social workers will understand the difficulties and psychological and physiological characteristics that children often encounter as well as assess the needs of children, thereby proactively researching and learning to improve their professional level of social workers and find the most appropriate intervention and support directions.

4.2.1.4. Solutions for perfecting policies and laws

Currently, policies and laws for TEMC in general and TEMC being nurtured and cared for at childcare facilities have been and continue to be well implemented. Therefore, the State needs to continue implementing those policies and laws to protect and support TEMC groups. In particular, the construction and development of models providing social work services for TEMC in general and for TEMC at childcare facilities in particular is still considered an optimal and necessary solution and needs to be replicated with more models, especially the models providing social work services of SOS Children's Villages, Birla and Social Protection Centers.

There should be a legal framework that clearly regulates the provision of socialized social services for TEMC. It is necessary to strengthen the role of organizations and individuals in providing support services for TEMC in general and TEMC in childcare facilities in particular.

Building community houses under the management of the state but the investment capital is from organizations and individuals. Community houses act as miniature Children's Villages and Social Protection Centers, which receive and support children with special needs, especially TEMC. Community houses also act as a bridge to help TEMC live in suitable alternative families that meet their needs, reducing the burden on the Children's Villages and Social Protection Centers system.

Currently, the basic salary of social workers at childcare facilities is still not commensurate with the amount of work and dedication they put in due to the nature of their work, which is to support TEMC with working hours not limited to 8 hours/day, but they have to do more, especially in emergency cases or night shifts. Therefore, there needs to be specific support policies for social workers working at childcare facilities today. When their lives are secured, they will be more dedicated to care and support activities.


TEMC, thereby helping to improve and apply social work methods, especially social work for TEMC, more effectively.

In addition, the State needs to have more investment policies for TEMC care facilities at child care facilities, focusing on individual intervention rooms, group intervention rooms as well as facilities serving intervention activities of social workers such as: machines to support TEMC rehabilitation therapy; equipment for social workers to intervene with children with developmental disorders...

In addition, it is a recognized fact that TEMC living in SOS Children's Villages currently follow a closed model, living and studying in the Children's Village, which more or less limits their contact and integration with the outside world, thereby leading to children having certain limitations in life skills, communication skills and difficulties in the process of community integration. Based on this reality, it is necessary to have policy solutions to help TEMC living in Children's Villages to study and integrate with other children in the community.

Employment policies for TEMC when they grow up also need to be focused on and have more prominent features. The biggest difficulty for TEMC when they grow up is the ability to support themselves. Meanwhile, the job market is increasingly demanding on the qualifications and abilities of workers, while TEMC is a subject with many limitations in those aspects as well as a lack of understanding of the labor market. From there, it is necessary to have policies connecting with facilities, companies... on employment, creating a premise to help TEMC have the opportunity to find jobs that suit their abilities, interests and can support themselves, reducing the burden on the State's social policy system.

Not only that, the State needs to create regulations and incentive policies for agencies and companies that employ workers to receive and create conditions for TEMC to have job opportunities suitable to the children's abilities.

4.2.1.5. Infrastructure solutions

Through survey and research, the author found that the facilities of the facilities basically ensure and meet the requirements for children. However, the specific requirements for CTXHN intervention activities are still not well guaranteed.

If each facility has group intervention rooms and equipment for age-specific group activities, it will promote the success of social workers.

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