In addition, select training and deploy tour guides, systems to provide information and interpretation for visitors for tourism products visiting historical sites and eco-tourism.
b. Improve the quality of tourism promotion and advertising work
- Organize and manage information promotion about Quan Lan in particular and Van Don in a unified manner in the overall general information about Quang Ninh tourism. Quang Ninh Tourism Promotion Center plays the role of the governing body to manage and connect information, organize tourism promotion activities, link and share information between units, build a shared tourism database, check and monitor information propaganda and promotion of tourism businesses in the province.
- Produce documents, publications, and items to promote tourism brands. In the initial phase, documents and publications need to be made in Vietnamese and English. In later phases, Chinese, Korean, and Japanese can be added. Based on the core brand values, market attraction development orientations, and promotion orientations, the consulting unit is required to design a system of appropriate items and publications.
- Research and build a website serving Quan Lan island tourism with detailed information, full of electronic promotional publications, regularly updated and able to interact with the market. Create a link between the Quan Lan island tourism website and the Vietnam National Administration of Tourism website https://www.vietnamtourism.gov.vn or the Quang Ninh Tourism website https://www.dulich.quangninh.gov.vn/ . In addition, it is possible to buy banner placement for Quan Lan island tourism on some popular electronic newspapers. Gradually create a name for the image of a civilized tourist island from the behavior of officials, civil servants and people on the island as some other localities have done, typically in Cu Lao Cham.
- Cooperate with travel companies in Van Don, Mong Cai, Ha Long, Cat Ba to connect and combine tours, promote and advertise the image of Quan Lan island tourism products.
c. Building a brand identity for a tourist destination
Design a logo and slogan for Quan Lan tourism independently or in coordination with other similar tourist destinations in Van Don district such as Ngoc Vung and Ban Sen.
d. Training to improve the quality of tourism human resources
- Improve state management capacity on tourism human resource development: Provide training to improve capacity for staff in state management agencies. Develop a labor training project for tourism development based on development goals and the current status of tourism labor in the locality.
- Training workers working directly in the tourism industry: Organize an assessment of the current status of the tourism workforce in terms of both quantity and quality, based on development requirements to have a plan for new training and retraining of the workforce. Focus on opening short-term vocational training courses in hotel, travel and foreign languages for tour guides and direct workers. Allow businesses with tourism projects to contribute to the training fund and allocate annual budgets to support short-term training of workers in tourism occupations. Encourage and have a binding mechanism for businesses to train workers on-site when implementing tourism projects in the area. Take advantage of the support of the Province and from tourism human resource development projects of the General Department of Tourism, Department of Tourism as well as international organizations and projects in human resource training.
- Raising awareness of tourism development for local communities: focusing on awareness raising activities such as understanding the value of resources and environment, relevant legal knowledge... Supporting the improvement of professional skills and tourism business management organization for communities with the ability to participate in tourism activities
e. Investment in tourism development
In order for investment activities in the tourism industry to be effective in the long term, it is necessary to further expand the ability to attract capital sources for tourism development, in which it is necessary to proactively promote investment in many different forms, focusing on the form of direct contact and contact with partners and businesses to introduce investment conditions and environment. Focus on preparing land and other infrastructure for projects being promoted as well as resolving obstacles and difficulties, facilitating the operation of investment projects.
Mobilize capital sources from the Central Government, non-governmental organizations (NGOs) on community development, international organizations such as UNICEF, JICA, FAO, international banks WB, ADB, UNCN... for poverty reduction programs, job creation associated with tourism development, community tourism programs, rural development programs, programs to improve vocational skills and protect the environment, programs to preserve heritage values...
3.3.2.3. Group of solutions to ensure sustainable tourism development from a social perspective
a. Increase community awareness of sustainable tourism development
Provide knowledge and information on sustainable tourism development to businesses, tourism businesses and local communities. This can be done through courses, training courses and seminars or organizing direct instruction sessions so that relevant individuals and organizations have full understanding and adjust their behavior towards sustainable tourism development on Quan Lan Island.
b. Strengthening the role of local communities in tourism development
Ensure active community participation in tourism activities to compensate for the disadvantages that the community may have to endure while developing tourism projects, at the same time to reduce the pressure of the community's impact on environmental resources, creating opportunities for the community to actively participate in tourism activities. In addition, it is necessary to encourage the community to promote traditional cultural values to serve tourists. Ensure community participation in the process of building and monitoring the implementation of tourism development plans.
c. Building a model for sustainable community tourism development
- Principles of implementing the community tourism model: The local community is the subject of tourism operations and directly benefits from tourism activities. The community and related parties together with tourists are responsible for protecting tourism resources. Tourism products are developed in accordance with natural conditions, the ability of tourism resources to meet, without negatively affecting indigenous culture.
- Participants: The community, especially households/people who have the desire and conditions to participate in tourism services and social organizations elect the Community Tourism Management Board, representing the community as the subject of the model to organize the provision of tourism products and services to meet the needs of tourists when traveling to Quan Lan island. The Department of Tourism of Quang Ninh province, the People's Committee and the Department of Culture and Information of Van Don district, businesses and other organizations are stakeholders participating in supporting the development of community tourism.
Department of Culture and Information
Community
Commune Commune
Minh Quan Community Tourism Management Board
Quan Lan Lan Islands
nest
Business
non- professional
To To To
right direction to the founder
moisture conduction , circulation, transformation , food residence , water transport, water production
People's Committee of Quang Ninh DistrictFigure 15: Proposed community tourism model on Quan Lan island |
Maybe you are interested!
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Identify Rating Levels and Rating Scales
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of the islanders. Therefore, this indicator will be divided into two sub-indicators:
a1. Natural tourism attractiveness a2. Cultural tourism attractiveness
b. Tourist capacity
The two island communes in Quan Lan have different capacities to receive tourists. Minh Chau Commune is home to many standard hotels and resorts, attracting high-income domestic and international tourists. Meanwhile, Quan Lan Commune has many motels mainly built and operated by local people, so the scale and quality are not high, and will be suitable for ordinary tourists such as students.
c. Time of exploitation of Quan Lan Island Commune:
Quan Lan tourism is seasonal due to weather and climate conditions and festivals only take place on certain days of the year, specifically in spring. In Quan Lan commune, the period from April to June and from September to November is considered the best time to visit Quan Lan because the cultural tourism activities are mainly associated with festivals taking place during this time.
Minh Chau island commune:
Tourism exploitation time is all year round, because this is a place with a number of tourist attractions with diverse ecosystems such as Bai Tu Long National Park Research Center, Tram forest, Turtle Laying Beach, so besides coming to the beach for tourism and vacation in the summer, Minh Chau will attract research groups to come for tourism combined with research at other times of the year.
d. Sustainability
The sustainability of ecotourism sites in Quan Lan and Minh Chau communes depends on the sensitivity of the ecosystems to climate changes.
landscape. In general, these tourist destinations have a fairly high level of sustainability, because they are natural ecosystems, planned and protected. However, if a large number of tourists gather at certain times, it can exceed the carrying capacity and affect the sustainability of the environment (polluted beaches, damaged trees, animals moving away from their habitats, etc.), then the sustainability of the above ecosystems (natural ecosystems, human ecosystems) will also be affected and become less sustainable.
e. Location and accessibility
Both island communes have ports to take tourists to visit from Van Don wharf:
- Quan Lan – Van Don traffic route:
Phuc Thinh – Viet Anh high-speed boat and Quang Minh high-speed boat, depart at 8am and 2pm from Van Don to Quan Lan, and at 7am and 1pm from Quan Lan to Van Don. There are also wooden boats departing at 7am and 1pm.
- Van Don - Minh Chau traffic route:
Chung Huong high-speed train, Minh Chau train, morning 7:30 and afternoon 13:30 from Van Don to Minh Chau, morning 6:30 and afternoon 13:00 from Minh Chau to Van Don.
f. Infrastructure
Despite receiving investment attention, the issue of infrastructure and technical facilities for tourism on Quan Lan Island is still an issue that needs to be resolved because it has a direct impact on the implementation of ecotourism activities. The minimum conditions for serving tourists such as accommodation, electricity, water, communication, especially medical services, and security work need to be given top priority. Ecotourism spots in Minh Chau commune are assessed to have better infrastructure and technical facilities for tourism because there are quite complete and synchronous conditions for serving tourists, meeting many needs of domestic and foreign tourists.
3.2.1.4. Determine assessment levels and assessment scales
Corresponding to the levels of each criterion, the index is the score of those levels in the order of 4, 3, 2, 1 decreasing according to the standard of each level: very attractive (4), attractive (3), average (2), less attractive (1).
3.2.1.5. Determining the coefficients of the criteria
For the assessment of DLST in the two communes of Quan Lan and Minh Chau islands, the students added evaluation coefficients to show the importance of the criteria and indicators as follows:
Coefficient 3 with criteria: Attractiveness, Exploitation time. These are the 2 most important criteria for attracting tourists to tourism in general and eco-tourism in particular, so they have the highest coefficient.
Coefficient 2 with criteria: Capacity, Infrastructure, Location and accessibility . Because the assessment area is an island commune of Van Don district, the above criteria are selected by the author with appropriate coefficients at the average level.
Coefficient 1 with criteria: Sustainability. Quan Lan has natural and human-made ecotourism sites, with high biodiversity and little impact from local human factors. Most of the ecotourism sites are still wild, so they are highly sustainable.
3.2.1.6. Results of DLST assessment on Quan Lan island
a. Assessment of the potential for natural tourism development
For Minh Chau commune:
+ Natural tourism attractiveness is determined to be very attractive (4 points) and the most important coefficient (coefficient 3), so the score of the Attractiveness criterion is 4 x 3 = 12.
+ Capacity is determined as average (2 points) and the coefficient is quite important (coefficient 2), then the score of Capacity criterion is 2 x 2 = 4.
+ Exploitation time is long (4 points), the most important coefficient (coefficient 3) so the score of the Exploitation time criterion is 4 x 3 = 12.
+ Sustainability is determined as sustainable (4 points), the important coefficient is the average coefficient (coefficient 1), so the score of the Sustainability criterion is 4 x 1 = 4 points
+ Location and accessibility are determined to be quite favorable (2 points), the coefficient is quite important (coefficient 2), the criterion score is 2 x 2 = 4 points.
+ Infrastructure is assessed as good (3 points), the coefficient is quite important (coefficient 2), then the score of the Infrastructure criterion is 3 x 2 = 6 points.
The total score for evaluating DLST in Minh Chau commune according to 6 evaluation criteria is determined as: 12 + 4 + 12 + 4 + 4 + 6 = 42 points
Similar assessment for Quan Lan commune, we have the following table:
Table 3.3: Assessment of the potential for natural ecotourism development in Quan Lan and Minh Chau communes
Attractiveness of self-tourismof course
Capacity
Mining time
Sustainability
Location and accessibility
Infrastructure
Result
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
CommuneMinh Chau
12
12
4
8
12
12
4
4
4
8
6
8
42/52
Quan CommuneLan
6
12
6
8
9
12
4
4
4
8
4
8
33/52
b. Assessment of the potential for humanistic tourism development
For Quan Lan commune:
+ The attractiveness of human tourism is determined to be very attractive (4 points) and the most important coefficient (coefficient 3), so the score of the Attractiveness criterion is 4 x 3 = 12.
+ Capacity is determined to be large (3 points) and the coefficient is quite important (coefficient 2), then the score of the Capacity criterion is 3 x 2 = 6.
+ Mining time is average (3 points), the most important coefficient (coefficient 3) so the score of the Mining time criterion is 3 x 3 = 9.
+ Sustainability is determined as sustainable (4 points), the important coefficient is the average coefficient (coefficient 1), so the score of the Sustainability criterion is 4 x 1 = 4 points.
+ Location and accessibility are determined to be quite favorable (2 points), the coefficient is quite important (coefficient 2), the criterion score is 2 x 2 = 4 points.
+ Infrastructure is rated as average (2 points), the coefficient is quite important (coefficient 2), then the score of the Infrastructure criterion is 2 x 2 = 4 points.
The total score for evaluating DLST in Quan Lan commune according to 6 evaluation criteria is determined as: 12 + 6 + 6 + 4 + 4 + 4 = 36 points.
Similar assessment with Minh Chau commune we have the following table:
Table 3.4: Assessment of the potential for developing humanistic eco-tourism in Quan Lan and Minh Chau communes
Attractiveness of human tourismliterature
Capacity
Mining time
Sustainability
Location and accessibility
Infrastructure
Result
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
Quan CommuneLan
12
12
6
8
9
12
4
4
4
8
4
8
39/52
Minh CommuneChau
6
12
4
8
12
12
4
4
4
8
6
8
36/52
Basically, both Minh Chau and Quan Lan localities have quite favorable conditions for developing ecotourism. However, Quan Lan commune has more advantages to develop ecotourism in a humanistic direction, because this is an area with many famous historical relics such as Quan Lan Communal House, Quan Lan Pagoda, Temple worshiping the hero Tran Khanh Du, ... along with local festivals held annually such as the wind praying ceremony (March 15), Quan Lan festival (June 10-19); due to its location near the port and long exploitation time, the beaches in Quan Lan commune (especially Quan Lan beach) are no longer hygienic and clean to ensure the needs of tourists coming to relax and swim; this is also an area with many beautiful landscapes such as Got Beo wind pass, Ong Phong head, Voi Voi cave, but the ability to access these places is still very limited (dirt hill road, lots of gravel and rocks), especially during rainy and windy times; In addition, other natural resources such as mangrove forests and sea worms have not been really exploited for tourism purposes and ecotourism development. On the contrary, Minh Chau commune has more advantages in developing ecotourism in the direction of natural tourism, this is an area with diverse ecosystems such as at Rua De Beach, Bai Tu Long National Park Conservation Center...; Minh Chau beach is highly appreciated for its natural beauty and cleanliness, ranked in the top ten most beautiful beaches in Vietnam; Minh Chau commune is also home to Tram forest with a large area and a purity of up to 90%, suitable for building bridges through the forest (a very effective type of natural ecotourism currently applied by many countries) for tourists to sightsee, as well as for the purpose of studying and researching.
Figure 3.1: Thenmala Forest Bridge (India) Source: https://www.thenmalaecotourism.com/(August 21, 2019)
3.2.2. Using SWOT matrix to evaluate Quan Lan island tourism
General assessment of current tourism activities of Quan Lan island is shown through the following SWOT matrix:
Table 3.5: SWOT matrix evaluating tourism activities on Quan Lan island
Internal agent
Strengths- There is a lot of potential for tourism development, especially natural ecotourism and humanistic ecotourism.- The unskilled labor force is relatively abundant.- resource environmentunpolluted, still
Weaknesses- Poorly developed infrastructure, especially traffic routes to tourist destinations on the island.- The team of professional staff is still weak.- Tourism products in general
quite wild, originalintact
general and DLST in particularalone is monotonous.
External agents
Opportunity- Tourism is a key industry in the socio-economic development strategy of the province and Van Don economic zone.- Quan Lan was selected as a pilot area for eco-tourism development within the framework of the green growth project between Quang Ninh province and the Japanese organization JICA.- The flow of tourists and especially ecotourism in the world tends toincreasing
Challenge- Weather and climate change abnormally.- Competition in tourism products is increasingly fierce, especially with other localities in the province such as Ha Long, Mong Cai...- Awareness of tourists, especially domestic tourists, about ecotourism and nature conservation is not high.
Through summary analysis using SWOT matrix we see that:
To exploit strengths and take advantage of opportunities, it is necessary to:
- Diversify products and service types (build more tourism routes aimed at specific needs of tourists: experiential tourism immersed in nature, spiritual cultural tourism...)
- Effective exploitation of resources and differentiated products (natural resources and human resources)
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Solutions for sustainable tourism development in the Central Highlands - 23 -
Current situation and solutions for sustainable tourism development in Thien Cam beach tourist area - Ha Tinh - 1 -
Research and propose solutions to protect the environment in the direction of sustainable tourism development in Binh Thuan province - 19 -
Some solutions to contribute to building and developing sustainable tourism in Northwest Vietnam - 17
3.3.2.4. Some other solutions
a. Limit the seasonality of island tourism
Promote the development of technical infrastructure for tourism, increase additional services such as entertainment, sports, and health care to attract tourists during off-seasons for island tourism.
b. Responding to climate change and rising sea levels
- Periodically maintain and repair the existing Quan Lan protective dyke system. Expand the area and take care of mangrove forests outside the dyke to prevent natural disasters, protect the dyke, and prevent saltwater intrusion. Plan the construction of infrastructure and technical facilities for tourism in accordance with the natural characteristics of the island. The height of construction works must be greater than the combination of peak tide level + storm surge level + forecasted sea level rise.
- Strengthen propaganda and raise awareness and capacity to respond to storms and climate change for management departments, staff of tourism businesses and people on methods and plans to mitigate natural disasters, and enhance management capacity.
effective coastal zone integration.
c. Perfecting the policy system
Supplement and perfect a number of policy mechanisms from competent authorities of Van Don district and Quang Ninh province for sustainable tourism development of Quan Lan island:
+ Priority policy of tax exemption or reduction for a certain period of time for investment forms purely for environmental protection of tourism or investment in tourism business with synchronous technologies for environmental protection.
+ Priority policy for tourism investment projects with specific solutions to reduce pollution, bringing direct effects to resource and environmental conservation;
+ Policy to encourage tourism development projects applying science and technology to deploy solutions for the tourism industry to respond to the impacts of climate change, especially rising sea levels; encourage the application of energy-saving technologies, clean water and waste reuse in tourism service establishments.
+ Policies to encourage and support the development of environmentally responsible tourism, especially ecotourism.
+ Incentive policies for tourism development projects have specific commitments to protect, enhance and develop resources and the environment, ensuring sustainable development.
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Conclude
1. The thesis topic has systematized the theoretical basis and a number of research works related to carrying capacity assessment in general and carrying capacity assessment of tourism environment in particular; as well as studies on carrying capacity assessment for tourism development based on basic factors of economy, society and environment.
2. To assess the environmental capacity of tourism at a tourist destination, many different methods can be used. Each method has its own strengths and weaknesses and needs to be studied and combined to produce results.
3. The thesis topic has synthesized and selected a set of indicators to assess the carrying capacity of the tourism environment applicable to the case of Quan Lan island, including: natural - ecological component indicators, demographic - sociological component indicators, economic - political component indicators.
Using this set of indicators to evaluate the environmental capacity of Quan Lan island tourism shows that: Tourism activities in Quan Lan island are in the early stages of development, Quan Lan still has the ability to meet the needs of tourism development. However, currently, tourism activities in Quan Lan island still have many unsustainable factors and need to be overcome to ensure the goal of sustainable tourism development.
4. Based on the research results, the orientation and solutions to reasonably exploit tourism resources and develop Quan Lan island tourism industry in accordance with actual conditions and with high feasibility have been proposed.
Limitations of the topic and recommendations for future research
The thesis topic " Assessing the environmental carrying capacity of Quan Lan Island tourism, Van Don District, Quang Ninh Province " does not aim to find a threshold value, but focuses on assessing the current status of ecotourism development activities based on criteria for measuring tourism carrying capacity, and comparing with the standards that have been and are currently applied in the world and Vietnam. The topic is related to many fields and applied to a specific location, Quan Lan Island, so it is highly sensitive. Therefore, the thesis topic inevitably has limitations, specifically:
(1) Due to lack of data and unclear regulations, some component indicators of tourism capacity have not been determined and are very difficult to calculate.
(2) The concept of tourism carrying capacity is a dynamic concept and changes over time. Moreover, tourism carrying capacity is affected by many factors, natural-ecological, social, political-economic, so it is very difficult to give an exact figure on the fixed number of tourists for a locality.
Quan Lan island
(3) Currently, the new capacity formulas are only built to calculate for each type of tourism activity in a certain area, but there is no formula to calculate the capacity for many types of tourism activities taking place at the same time. It is difficult to apply all the standards on capacity in the world to coastal tourism areas of Vietnam because the nature and characteristics of each place are different. However, the standards mentioned above can help tourism planners and managers use to evaluate tourism capacity in the process of exploiting and developing sea and island tourism.
Research directions that can be expanded and developed further include: (i) Expanding the research scope to see the current status of tourism development on Quan Lan Island in relation to other tourist destinations with similar conditions; (ii) Studying the sustainability of tourism activities on Quan Lan Island.
REFERENCES
Vietnamese Documents
1. Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism (2013), Project on developing sea, island and coastal tourism to 2020 , Hanoi.
2. Huynh Tan Hai (2015), Assessment of ecotourism carrying capacity in Nha Trang Bay marine reserve , Master's thesis in Agricultural Economics, Nha Trang University, Khanh Hoa
3. Truong Quang Hoc, Pham Minh Thu, Vo Thanh Son (2006), Sustainable Development - Theory and Concepts , National University Publishing House, Hanoi
4. Nguyen Dinh Hoe, Vu Van Hieu (2001), Sustainable tourism. National University Publishing House, Hanoi.
5. Nguyen Dinh Hoe (2009), Environment and sustainable development , Education Publishing House, Hanoi.
6. Pham Trung Luong (2008), Scientific basis and solutions for sustainable tourism development in Vietnam , State-level independent science and technology project, Institute for Tourism Development Research, Hanoi
7. Department of Natural Resources and Environment of Van Don district (2019), Periodic environmental monitoring report of Van Don district Quarter I, II, III, IV
8. Van Don District Department of Culture and Information (2020), Summary report on the implementation of the province's resolutions and conclusions on service and tourism development in the period 2013-2020 and orientation to 2030
9. National Assembly of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (2017), Law on Tourism , 14th National Assembly of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, 3rd session, passed on June 19, 2017.
10. Department of Tourism of Quang Ninh province (2020), Summary report on tourism activities of Quang Ninh province in 2019 and proposed directions and tasks for 2020
11. Department of Tourism of Quang Ninh province (2020), Announcement of list of hotels, cruise ships, 1-5 star accommodation establishments, tourist beaches, and businesses that meet standards for serving tourists in Quang Ninh province in the first quarter of 2020
12. Department of Natural Resources and Environment of Quang Ninh province (2017), Summary report on biodiversity conservation planning of Quang Ninh province to 2020
13. Tran Duc Thanh, Tran Van Minh, Cao Thi Thu Trang, Vu Duy Vinh, Tran Anh Tu (2012), Environmental carrying capacity of Ha Long Bay - Bai Tu Long , Publishing House of Natural Science and Technology
14. Nguyen An Thinh, Nguyen Thi Hai (2005), Determining tourism capacity to serve sustainable tourism development planning in the mountainous district of Sa Pa . Proceedings of the scientific conference on environment and sustainable development 2005, pp.421-427
15. Prime Minister (2020), Adjustment of the Master Plan for the construction of Van Don Economic Zone, Quang Ninh province to 2030, with a vision to 2050
16. General Department of Tourism (2015) Tourism capacity - an important factor in tourism development . At