Home / Humanities

Number of Ranked Architectural and Artistic Monuments Classified by Unit


2.2.1.3. Architectural and artistic relics

The DTKTNTs in Thua Thien Hue have special and unique values ​​and include many types such as palaces, citadels, mausoleums, ancient villages, communal houses, pagodas, temples, etc., which are highly ranked not only at the national level but also a part of which is recognized by the world as a cultural heritage of humanity.

According to the Hue Monuments Conservation Center, the Complex of Hue Monuments is recognized as a World Heritage Site, currently consisting of 17 relics, mainly distributed in Hue City and the surrounding areas of Huong Thuy and Huong Tra Towns. With the domestic relic ranking system, the Complex of Hue Monuments is recognized as a special national relic with 27 relics, plus 15 national relics and 8 provincial relics.

Table 2.3. Number of ranked architectural and artistic relics classified by administrative unit

ST T

Administrative unit

International level

National and local level

Area (km 2 )

Average distance (*) (km)

National Level

special

Grant

QG

Grant

conscious

Total

1

Hue City

11

17

1

2

20

71.7

1.9

2

TX. Huong Thuy

2

4

3

1

8

456

7.6

3

TX. Huong Tra

4

5

2

1

8

518.5

8.1

4

Phong Dien District

0

0

2

1

3

950.8

17.8

5

Quang Dien District

0

0

1

1

2

163

9.0

6

Phu Vang District

0

1

4

2

7

279.9

6.3

7

Phu Loc District

0

0

2

0

2

720.9

19.0

8

H. Nam Dong

0

0

0

0

0

647.8

---

9

A Luoi District

0

0

0

0

0

1224.6

---

Total

17

27

15

8

50

5033.2

10.0

Maybe you are interested!

Number of Ranked Architectural and Artistic Monuments Classified by Unit

(*): Appendix 3a - Calculation for total DTKTNT Source: processed from [19 ], [64]

The distribution of NTKs is very clearly differentiated in space. Hue City is still the locality with the largest number of NTKs with many valuable relics, the density of NTKs is very high compared to the remaining localities with an average distance between NTKs of 1.9 km. In which, some relics inside Hue Citadel are distributed in a cluster, very close to each other. Phu Vang District has a high density with a distance of 6.32 km. Although Huong Thuy and Huong Tra Towns have a larger number of NTKs than Phu Vang, due to their larger area, they have an average density of NTKs, the distance between NTKs is 7.6 km and 8 km respectively.

However, in Huong Thuy and Huong Tra towns, the relics belonging to the Complex of Ancient Capital Monuments - World Cultural Heritage are relatively close together, creating favorable conditions for tourism exploitation. Although the number of relics in Quang Dien district is very small, due to its small area, the density is low, the distance between the relics is closer (9.0 km) than in


Figure 2.2. Map of human tourism resources of Thua Thien - Hue province


Phong Dien District (17.8 km) and Phu Loc District (19 km) have very low density, although the number of relics in these districts is almost equivalent.

Thus, Hue city with its dense population and world cultural heritage sites has created its position as a heritage city, a tourist city of national and international stature.

Some typical relics in the type of DTKTNT in TTH include:

+ System of citadels and palaces

The citadel system (including the Capital (outer citadel), the Imperial Citadel and the Forbidden City (inner citadel) are all located on one axis, facing South - Southeast, built based on the terrain of Ngu Mountain and Huong River. The main axis of this system runs through the middle of Ngu Binh Mountain.

The Imperial Citadel is the most important political and administrative center of the royal court, built in 1804 and upgraded and completed in 1833. In the Imperial Citadel, there are more than 100 beautiful architectural works divided into many different areas, each with its own functions.

The Forbidden City, located in the heart of the Imperial City, is the living area of ​​the king and the royal family. In the Forbidden City, there are more than 50 large and small architectural works, including many magnificent and splendid palaces, resplendent with gold.

Hue Citadel has great defensive value. Around the citadel there are fortresses, along with a secondary citadel called Tran Binh Dai. All of these structures, together with the outer protective belt of the Citadel, have created a solid defense system. With high value in many aspects, the Citadel, the Imperial Citadel and the Forbidden Purple City were recognized by the State as special national historical and cultural relics in 2009 and are considered by UNESCO as the most important architectural and artistic works belonging to the Complex of Hue Monuments - World Cultural Heritage.

+ Mausoleum

In the Hue Monuments Complex, after the palace, the system of royal tombs is also an important relic, of high value for tourism activities.

The entire undulating mountainous area to the South and Southwest of Hue, stretching over 16km with the Perfume River winding through, is the mausoleum of the Nguyen Dynasty kings. According to feng shui theory, each mausoleum is built on a large hill, but the whole occupies a whole complex of hills: There is a mountain in the front as a screen, and there are mountains on both sides as barriers.


The throne and right in front of the mausoleum area must have a winding stream "chi huyen thuy" flowing from left to right. The entire large area in each mausoleum scene is called "quan phong" and is considered a forbidden forest. The mausoleum and mausoleum area alone has a perimeter of thousands of meters. Typical of the mausoleums in Hue are Gia Long mausoleum, Minh Mang mausoleum, Thieu Tri mausoleum, Tu Duc mausoleum and Khai Dinh mausoleum.

The Hue tombs are all on hills, but still close to the Perfume River. This is an advantage for diversifying tourism products to visit the Nguyen Dynasty tombs by water or by road.

+ Temple

Throughout history, Hue has been a major Buddhist center of the country. Buddhism was introduced to Hue a long time ago but developed strongly when the Nguyen Lords chose this place to build the capital of Dang Trong. Most of the large pagodas in Hue today were built during the Nguyen Lords' time, but over time they have been renovated and changed in structure.

Among the pagodas in Hue, some pagodas have beautiful landscapes, architectural, artistic, cultural and historical values ​​and have become attractive tourist attractions such as Thien Mu, Tu Dam, Tu Hieu, Ha Trung pagodas, etc.

+ Church

Like the large pagodas in Hue, most of the Catholic churches in Hue were established during the Nguyen Lords' reign. During this period, most Catholic churches in Hue were simple chapels with wooden frames and thatched roofs. Over time, these churches have changed their appearance greatly, being rebuilt and upgraded to be more spacious and majestic. Some beautiful churches that attract a lot of tourists in Hue are Phu Cam Church and Redemptorist Church.

+ Village temple

The communal house is the place to worship Thanh Hoang (the main god worshiped in the communal house) and is also the place where the communal cultural activities of the village take place. In Hue, there are not many communal houses with historical value, unique architecture, and attractiveness to tourists, notably the communal houses in the suburbs such as Tay Loc or Kim Long communal house, Lai The communal house in Phu Thuong commune, Duong No communal house in Phu Duong commune, An Truyen communal house...

+ Temple


Temples are structures built to honor a deity or a deceased person. Many temples are dedicated to local deities or religions . Many temples are built to commemorate the merits of a hero who has contributed to the country or the merits of an individual to the locality, and are based on folk legends.

During the time of the lords, the temple system existed very richly. The most notable is probably Ngoc Tran temple or Hon Chen temple. Hon Chen temple is where the ancient Champa people worshiped the goddess PoNagar, later the Vietnamese people following Thien Tien Thanh Giao continued to worship her under the name Thanh Mau Thien YA Na.

+ Ancient village

The image of the countryside is very familiar in the minds of the Vietnamese people. The village was formed long ago, before the state, at that time the village was a social organization of the people. The ancient villages have a simple, approachable, peaceful appearance with a rich history, ancient traditional culture that is worthy of respect and pride, and have great appeal to tourists. Famous in Hue is the ancient village of Phuoc Tich, the second ancient village in the country to be ranked as a GQ-level relic (2009). In the village, there is also a banyan tree over 500 years old that is honored as a Vietnamese heritage tree.

2.2.1.4. Scenic spots

Hue is a place with many beautiful natural landscapes, famous natural wonders such as Huong River, Ngu Mountain, Thien Thai, Bach Ma, Hai Van, Tuy Van, ... many pagodas were built in places with beautiful natural landscapes, such as Huyen Khong Son Thuong Pagoda, Truc Lam Bach Ma Zen Monastery, ... creating attractive tourist attractions.

2.2.2. Festivals

Thua Thien - Hue is a place where many festivals are concentrated with 93 typical festivals held periodically [66]. In TTH, in addition to traditional folk festivals imbued with national cultural identity and Hue cultural identity, one of the characteristics of TTH festivals is the royal festivals, reflecting the ritual activities of the Nguyen Dynasty such as the Giao ceremony, the grand dynasty ceremony, the coronation ceremony, etc., creating a special attraction for tourists. Traditional folk festivals in TTH are often associated with beliefs, religions,

martial spirit and life aspirations; includes many types such as memorial festivals


Commemorating the founders of the land, the village's tutelary gods; festivals commemorating the founders of the professions; religious festivals; seasonal festivals to pray for peace. Most festivals still preserve basic rituals, customs and unique folk games such as boat racing, rice cooking, Chau Van singing, wrestling, etc. Through festival activities, the cultural traditions, spiritual life and religious beliefs of the local community are clearly reflected.

Festivals take place throughout the province and are mostly held in spring such as the Thu Le village wrestling festival, the Sinh village wrestling festival, the An Bang village fishing festival... some festivals take place in both spring and autumn such as the Hon Chen temple festival in the third and seventh lunar months... Traditional festivals not only attract people to participate in a village or commune, but there are festivals that attract people from many districts, towns, cities and an entire region.

Traditional festivals in TTH are often held at historical and cultural relics such as communal houses, temples, etc. Traditional festivals are closely associated with relics, and festivals are inseparable from relics; this increases the value of the DTLSVH, allowing for better exploitation of both relics and festivals for tourism purposes.

In addition, during the integration period, TTH has imported a number of foreign festivals and developed a number of new festivals, of which large-scale cultural, sports and tourism festivals including Hue Festival and Hue Traditional Craft Festival have created great attraction for domestic and foreign tourism.

Some typical and outstanding festivals are held periodically in TTH such as:

- Folk festivals: Cau Ngu festival in Thai Duong Ha village, An Bang village (Phu Vang), Thai Duong Thuong village (Huong Tra); Sinh village wrestling festival (Phu Vang), Thu Le village wrestling festival (Quang Dien); New rice festival of Co Tu ethnic group (Nam Dong); Cau Mua festival of Ta Oi ethnic group (A Luoi),...

- Revolutionary history festival: held on March 26 to celebrate the liberation day of Thua Thien Hue;…

- Religious and belief festivals: Hon Chen Temple Festival is a festival with strong spiritual and Mother Goddess worshiping characteristics, held annually in the 3rd and 7th lunar months; Quan The Am Festival is held annually in the 2nd and 6th lunar months in Thuy Bang Commune (Huong Thuy), attracting more and more Buddhists and tourists to worship and attend the festival; Huyen Tran Temple Festival...


- Cultural, sports and tourism festivals: such as Hue Festival; Hue traditional craft festival; Tam Giang Water Wave Festival (Quang Dien);...

+ Hue Festival is a major cultural and tourism event held every two years in even-numbered years, usually lasting 7-9 days and taking place mainly in the space of Hue City associated with the Complex of Monuments of the Ancient Capital, and at the same time expanding to the towns and districts where there are famous tourist attractions of Hue.

The festival aims to honor the value of Hue's cultural heritage with many high-quality, large-scale, unique and magnificent festival programs taking place continuously during the festival. Many festivals, especially large-scale royal festivals, have been researched and restored quite fully, with important rituals such as the coronation ceremony of Emperor Quang Trung, the Giao ceremony, the martial arts doctoral competition, the Truyen Lo ceremony, Vinh quy bai to, and the Royal Night; folk festivals combined with forms of cultural and tourism activities have been researched and organized such as the Countryside Market on the Festival Day (at Thanh Toan Tile Bridge), the Old Scent of the Ancient Village (Phuoc Tich Ancient Village), etc.

In addition, Hue Festival also has the participation of many famous art troupes in the country and many countries around the world with a rich and attractive art program including: music, dance, circus, theater, street art, fashion show, installation art, puppetry, cinema, exhibition, ... creating a vibrant atmosphere, attracting tourists throughout the Festival.

+ Hue Traditional Craft Festival is held every two years in odd-numbered years, to honor the value of traditional crafts of Hue, lasting from 3 to 6 days depending on the year. Traditional Craft Festival has a space to display, demonstrate and introduce sophisticated and unique products of craft villages in Hue such as conical hats, embroidery, bamboo and rattan weaving, enamel, paper flowers, Zeng weaving, wooden handicrafts, jewelry, lanterns, Hue kites, Powdered rice paper, ... of artisans and craft villages in the province, along with products of famous domestic craft villages participating.

In addition, the Festival also has response activities such as scientific seminars, craft village fairs, meetings and exchanges with artisans, culinary days, art photo exhibitions about craft villages, competitions about some professions, art programs and colorful street art activities, etc.


Thus, festivals in TTH have different scales and qualities. Cultural, sports and tourism festivals are large-scale, famous nationwide, creating a typical tourism product of the province. Traditional festivals are small-scale, closely associated with valuable historical and cultural relics in TTH. The richness of traditional festivals is both a national cultural beauty and one of the attractive tourism products for visitors. However, the problem of preserving the traditional cultural values ​​of festivals and promoting the value of festivals to create attractiveness for tourism activities faces many difficulties.

2.2.3. Tourism objects associated with ethnography

Tourism objects associated with ethnology such as cuisine, traditional art forms,... in TTH have great value in attracting tourists.

* Hue Music

Hue music is a rich expression of many genres. As a part of traditional art forms, Hue music is often considered to consist of three main components: Ceremonial Music, Folk Songs and Hue Singing.

Le music is music used in feudal rituals in the past, including Royal Court music and Roi bong music (ie Chau Van in the Central region).

Hue folk songs have their own unique characteristics. They are lyrical, sweet, gentle and profound, cheerful but not chaotic, sad but not tragic. Typical are the folk songs such as Ho Mai Day, Mai Nhi, Ho Nen, Ho Gia Gao, Gia Voi, Gia Diep,... and Ly songs such as Ly Con Sao, Ly Hoai Xuan, Ly Hoai Nam, Ly Tinh Tang,... which every time we hear them, we immediately think of Hue.

Ca Hue is a musical genre with many professional elements in structure and performance style. In terms of musical content, its most distinctive part is clearly influenced by folk songs and lyrics. It is the harmonious combination of these two streams that makes Ca Hue special and attractive to tourists. Ca Hue has been recognized as a national intangible cultural heritage (2015) [11]. Currently, the service of going on a dragon boat to listen to Hue songs on the Perfume River is a typical tourist product of TTH and has great appeal to domestic and international visitors. In addition to performing on the Perfume River, Ca Hue is also performed to serve tourists at restaurants and hotels. In addition, to preserve this traditional music form, a Ca Hue club is held twice a week, performed by professional artists who love Hue songs to serve the audience.

Comment


Agree Privacy Policy *