Based on chart 2.5., the number of tourists to Ha Long city is increasing with the total number of tourists for the whole period from 2013-2017 increasing by 16.9%, of which the number of international tourists increased by 23.4%, an increase of more than 10% compared to the number of domestic tourists of 11.7%. However, in the period 2017-2019, there was a slowdown but still at a fairly high level of 10.8%, due to the number of international tourists decreasing to only an increase of 8% due to the impact of the complicated developments of the Covid 10 epidemic in late 2019 and 2020, but during this period, domestic tourists tended to increase sharply due to domestic tourism stimulus services.
Million tourists
+16.6%
+8.0%
+23.4%
2.2
2.2
1.8
2.1
1.1
0.8
1.0
1.0
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Chart 2.4. Number of international tourists visiting Ha Long Bay
Source: Quang Ninh Provincial People's Committee 2014 Overall, during the period from 2014 to 2020, the number of tourists to Ha Long is still considered very large. However, if well managed, the city can still
continue to meet tourist needs and has potential for further development.
* Revenue from tourism activities
Thanks to the effective exploitation of the main tourism resources in Ha Long Bay, the City's annual tourism revenue has achieved a growth rate of about 20%, from 1.1 trillion VND in 2016 to 2.3 trillion VND in 2020. Currently, revenue from tourism activities accounts for about 5% of economic production value and about 10% of added value.
+19.5%
2.3
1.6
2.0
1.1
1.3
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
Chart 2.5. Tourism revenue of Ha Long city in the period 2016-2020
Source: Quang Ninh Provincial People's Committee 2015
Much of this growth has been driven by international tourist arrivals. Visitor arrivals have increased at an annual rate of around 17% over the past decade from 0.8 million in 2012 to 2.2 million in 2018. Growth was particularly strong between 2006 and 2010 (around 23% per year). This growth rate has slowed down in recent years due to the global economic downturn and tensions in the South China Sea. However, international tourist arrivals continued to grow significantly at 8% per year from 2014 to 2019.
Ha Long City also strengthens strict management of revenue from Ha Long Bay. This is a revenue source that contributes a large proportion to the City budget, more than 1,000 billion VND each year. Up to now, the total revenue from visiting fees to Ha Long Bay is estimated at 1,173 billion VND (Ha Long City Communication and Culture Center, 2020). To achieve this revenue, the City has reviewed the Bay fee source, established a research project to adjust the fee level accordingly. At the same time, it has rectified all business activities in the area, returning a clean business environment to Ha Long Bay. With the efforts of all levels and sectors, along with flexible and drastic solutions in budget collection, up to now, Ha Long City has ensured the completion and exceeding of the set targets. Of which, in 2020, domestic revenue is estimated at 12,769.1 billion VND, equal to 109.1% of the provincial estimate, 104.9% of the plan, and 136.0% over the same period. The targets collected by the City (14 targets) up to now are estimated at 4,261.1 billion VND, equal to 124.9% of the provincial estimate at the beginning of the year, 109.9% of the City plan, and 117.6% compared to 2017 (Hoang Phuc, 2021).
However, it can be seen that the tourism industry of Ha Long city still has a lot of potential for tourism development but is still being neglected, especially when compared to other Asian countries, for example: Tourists often do not stay long in Ha Long. Tourists only go and return in the same day or stay one night in the city while tourists to Phuket usually stay for 3 - 5 days. Along with the longer stay, the average spending of tourists when coming to Bali and Phuket (about 100 - 150 USD/day) is also higher than Ha Long (about 50 USD/day). Other tourist destinations in Vietnam such as Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City have reached these levels.
Table 2.3. Comparison of spending and accommodation levels of visitors in Ha Long
City
Payment level (USD) | Number of days stayed (days) | |
Ha Long | 55 | 1 |
Hanoi | 155 | 3 |
Ho Chi Minh City | 146 | 5 |
Phuket | From 100-150 | 3-5 |
Bali | From 100-150 | 3-5 |
Maybe you are interested!
-
Identify Rating Levels and Rating Scales
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of the islanders. Therefore, this indicator will be divided into two sub-indicators:
a1. Natural tourism attractiveness a2. Cultural tourism attractiveness
b. Tourist capacity
The two island communes in Quan Lan have different capacities to receive tourists. Minh Chau Commune is home to many standard hotels and resorts, attracting high-income domestic and international tourists. Meanwhile, Quan Lan Commune has many motels mainly built and operated by local people, so the scale and quality are not high, and will be suitable for ordinary tourists such as students.
c. Time of exploitation of Quan Lan Island Commune:
Quan Lan tourism is seasonal due to weather and climate conditions and festivals only take place on certain days of the year, specifically in spring. In Quan Lan commune, the period from April to June and from September to November is considered the best time to visit Quan Lan because the cultural tourism activities are mainly associated with festivals taking place during this time.
Minh Chau island commune:
Tourism exploitation time is all year round, because this is a place with a number of tourist attractions with diverse ecosystems such as Bai Tu Long National Park Research Center, Tram forest, Turtle Laying Beach, so besides coming to the beach for tourism and vacation in the summer, Minh Chau will attract research groups to come for tourism combined with research at other times of the year.
d. Sustainability
The sustainability of ecotourism sites in Quan Lan and Minh Chau communes depends on the sensitivity of the ecosystems to climate changes.
landscape. In general, these tourist destinations have a fairly high level of sustainability, because they are natural ecosystems, planned and protected. However, if a large number of tourists gather at certain times, it can exceed the carrying capacity and affect the sustainability of the environment (polluted beaches, damaged trees, animals moving away from their habitats, etc.), then the sustainability of the above ecosystems (natural ecosystems, human ecosystems) will also be affected and become less sustainable.
e. Location and accessibility
Both island communes have ports to take tourists to visit from Van Don wharf:
- Quan Lan – Van Don traffic route:
Phuc Thinh – Viet Anh high-speed boat and Quang Minh high-speed boat, depart at 8am and 2pm from Van Don to Quan Lan, and at 7am and 1pm from Quan Lan to Van Don. There are also wooden boats departing at 7am and 1pm.
- Van Don - Minh Chau traffic route:
Chung Huong high-speed train, Minh Chau train, morning 7:30 and afternoon 13:30 from Van Don to Minh Chau, morning 6:30 and afternoon 13:00 from Minh Chau to Van Don.
f. Infrastructure
Despite receiving investment attention, the issue of infrastructure and technical facilities for tourism on Quan Lan Island is still an issue that needs to be resolved because it has a direct impact on the implementation of ecotourism activities. The minimum conditions for serving tourists such as accommodation, electricity, water, communication, especially medical services, and security work need to be given top priority. Ecotourism spots in Minh Chau commune are assessed to have better infrastructure and technical facilities for tourism because there are quite complete and synchronous conditions for serving tourists, meeting many needs of domestic and foreign tourists.
3.2.1.4. Determine assessment levels and assessment scales
Corresponding to the levels of each criterion, the index is the score of those levels in the order of 4, 3, 2, 1 decreasing according to the standard of each level: very attractive (4), attractive (3), average (2), less attractive (1).
3.2.1.5. Determining the coefficients of the criteria
For the assessment of DLST in the two communes of Quan Lan and Minh Chau islands, the students added evaluation coefficients to show the importance of the criteria and indicators as follows:
Coefficient 3 with criteria: Attractiveness, Exploitation time. These are the 2 most important criteria for attracting tourists to tourism in general and eco-tourism in particular, so they have the highest coefficient.
Coefficient 2 with criteria: Capacity, Infrastructure, Location and accessibility . Because the assessment area is an island commune of Van Don district, the above criteria are selected by the author with appropriate coefficients at the average level.
Coefficient 1 with criteria: Sustainability. Quan Lan has natural and human-made ecotourism sites, with high biodiversity and little impact from local human factors. Most of the ecotourism sites are still wild, so they are highly sustainable.
3.2.1.6. Results of DLST assessment on Quan Lan island
a. Assessment of the potential for natural tourism development
For Minh Chau commune:
+ Natural tourism attractiveness is determined to be very attractive (4 points) and the most important coefficient (coefficient 3), so the score of the Attractiveness criterion is 4 x 3 = 12.
+ Capacity is determined as average (2 points) and the coefficient is quite important (coefficient 2), then the score of Capacity criterion is 2 x 2 = 4.
+ Exploitation time is long (4 points), the most important coefficient (coefficient 3) so the score of the Exploitation time criterion is 4 x 3 = 12.
+ Sustainability is determined as sustainable (4 points), the important coefficient is the average coefficient (coefficient 1), so the score of the Sustainability criterion is 4 x 1 = 4 points
+ Location and accessibility are determined to be quite favorable (2 points), the coefficient is quite important (coefficient 2), the criterion score is 2 x 2 = 4 points.
+ Infrastructure is assessed as good (3 points), the coefficient is quite important (coefficient 2), then the score of the Infrastructure criterion is 3 x 2 = 6 points.
The total score for evaluating DLST in Minh Chau commune according to 6 evaluation criteria is determined as: 12 + 4 + 12 + 4 + 4 + 6 = 42 points
Similar assessment for Quan Lan commune, we have the following table:
Table 3.3: Assessment of the potential for natural ecotourism development in Quan Lan and Minh Chau communes
Attractiveness of self-tourismof course
Capacity
Mining time
Sustainability
Location and accessibility
Infrastructure
Result
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
CommuneMinh Chau
12
12
4
8
12
12
4
4
4
8
6
8
42/52
Quan CommuneLan
6
12
6
8
9
12
4
4
4
8
4
8
33/52
b. Assessment of the potential for humanistic tourism development
For Quan Lan commune:
+ The attractiveness of human tourism is determined to be very attractive (4 points) and the most important coefficient (coefficient 3), so the score of the Attractiveness criterion is 4 x 3 = 12.
+ Capacity is determined to be large (3 points) and the coefficient is quite important (coefficient 2), then the score of the Capacity criterion is 3 x 2 = 6.
+ Mining time is average (3 points), the most important coefficient (coefficient 3) so the score of the Mining time criterion is 3 x 3 = 9.
+ Sustainability is determined as sustainable (4 points), the important coefficient is the average coefficient (coefficient 1), so the score of the Sustainability criterion is 4 x 1 = 4 points.
+ Location and accessibility are determined to be quite favorable (2 points), the coefficient is quite important (coefficient 2), the criterion score is 2 x 2 = 4 points.
+ Infrastructure is rated as average (2 points), the coefficient is quite important (coefficient 2), then the score of the Infrastructure criterion is 2 x 2 = 4 points.
The total score for evaluating DLST in Quan Lan commune according to 6 evaluation criteria is determined as: 12 + 6 + 6 + 4 + 4 + 4 = 36 points.
Similar assessment with Minh Chau commune we have the following table:
Table 3.4: Assessment of the potential for developing humanistic eco-tourism in Quan Lan and Minh Chau communes
Attractiveness of human tourismliterature
Capacity
Mining time
Sustainability
Location and accessibility
Infrastructure
Result
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
Quan CommuneLan
12
12
6
8
9
12
4
4
4
8
4
8
39/52
Minh CommuneChau
6
12
4
8
12
12
4
4
4
8
6
8
36/52
Basically, both Minh Chau and Quan Lan localities have quite favorable conditions for developing ecotourism. However, Quan Lan commune has more advantages to develop ecotourism in a humanistic direction, because this is an area with many famous historical relics such as Quan Lan Communal House, Quan Lan Pagoda, Temple worshiping the hero Tran Khanh Du, ... along with local festivals held annually such as the wind praying ceremony (March 15), Quan Lan festival (June 10-19); due to its location near the port and long exploitation time, the beaches in Quan Lan commune (especially Quan Lan beach) are no longer hygienic and clean to ensure the needs of tourists coming to relax and swim; this is also an area with many beautiful landscapes such as Got Beo wind pass, Ong Phong head, Voi Voi cave, but the ability to access these places is still very limited (dirt hill road, lots of gravel and rocks), especially during rainy and windy times; In addition, other natural resources such as mangrove forests and sea worms have not been really exploited for tourism purposes and ecotourism development. On the contrary, Minh Chau commune has more advantages in developing ecotourism in the direction of natural tourism, this is an area with diverse ecosystems such as at Rua De Beach, Bai Tu Long National Park Conservation Center...; Minh Chau beach is highly appreciated for its natural beauty and cleanliness, ranked in the top ten most beautiful beaches in Vietnam; Minh Chau commune is also home to Tram forest with a large area and a purity of up to 90%, suitable for building bridges through the forest (a very effective type of natural ecotourism currently applied by many countries) for tourists to sightsee, as well as for the purpose of studying and researching.
Figure 3.1: Thenmala Forest Bridge (India) Source: https://www.thenmalaecotourism.com/(August 21, 2019)
3.2.2. Using SWOT matrix to evaluate Quan Lan island tourism
General assessment of current tourism activities of Quan Lan island is shown through the following SWOT matrix:
Table 3.5: SWOT matrix evaluating tourism activities on Quan Lan island
Internal agent
Strengths- There is a lot of potential for tourism development, especially natural ecotourism and humanistic ecotourism.- The unskilled labor force is relatively abundant.- resource environmentunpolluted, still
Weaknesses- Poorly developed infrastructure, especially traffic routes to tourist destinations on the island.- The team of professional staff is still weak.- Tourism products in general
quite wild, originalintact
general and DLST in particularalone is monotonous.
External agents
Opportunity- Tourism is a key industry in the socio-economic development strategy of the province and Van Don economic zone.- Quan Lan was selected as a pilot area for eco-tourism development within the framework of the green growth project between Quang Ninh province and the Japanese organization JICA.- The flow of tourists and especially ecotourism in the world tends toincreasing
Challenge- Weather and climate change abnormally.- Competition in tourism products is increasingly fierce, especially with other localities in the province such as Ha Long, Mong Cai...- Awareness of tourists, especially domestic tourists, about ecotourism and nature conservation is not high.
Through summary analysis using SWOT matrix we see that:
To exploit strengths and take advantage of opportunities, it is necessary to:
- Diversify products and service types (build more tourism routes aimed at specific needs of tourists: experiential tourism immersed in nature, spiritual cultural tourism...)
- Effective exploitation of resources and differentiated products (natural resources and human resources)
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Building and developing brand personality for tourist destinations to attract international tourists: the case of Ha Long city - Quang Ninh province - 17 -
Learn about the communication and behavior of tour guides with tourists at Ha Long Tourism Joint Stock Company - 12 -
Planning marketing strategy for Ha Long tourism industry until 2020 - 16 -
Managing the training activities for primary school managers of the Department of Education and Training of Ha Long city, Quang Ninh province according to the orientation of innovation in general education programs - 17
Source: Ha Long City People's Committee, 2015 Thus, to develop tourism further, the city not only needs to focus on solutions to increase the number of tourists but also needs to increase the average length of stay and daily spending of each tourist. The city needs to overcome
through the challenges below to be able to complete the set goals.
* Investment in tourism infrastructure development
In recent years, the city's tourism infrastructure has been heavily invested. The number of hotels, restaurants, and luxury cruise ships put into operation has been increasing to serve the tourism industry of Ha Long city. Tourism is also an effective means of cultural and economic exchange and investment promotion. For example: The Cherry Blossom Festival was organized and Ha Long city contributed to strengthening the relationship between Japan and Vietnam; Or the Ha Long Carnival festival started in 2007, up to now it has become a tourism brand of Quang Ninh with many innovations and creativity to "Vietnamize" a very "Western" festival to attract tourists from all over the world.
In addition, in 2014, Ha Long city effectively implemented the work of attracting private investment to support the development of the tourism industry, with the goal of turning Bai Chay and Tuan Chau into an international-class entertainment area.
Entertainment areas and commercial shopping areas in the city have been focused on investment and development with typical characteristics such as: Royal International Park, Royal Casino; Dolphin, seal, lion performance stage, Tuan Chau water music park; Go, Vincom center Ha Long, seaplane service to see Ha Long Bay... In 2016 alone, Ha Long city has effectively implemented the work of attracting private investment to support the development of the tourism industry, with the goal of turning Bai Chay and Tuan Chau into an international-class entertainment area. These include the Ha Long Marina project of Bim Group with a total investment of approximately 50 million USD, Tuan Chau Resort and Tourism Complex with a total investment of 3.5 billion USD, Ha Long Ocean Park of Sun Group with a total investment of 300 million USD and Reu Island Luxury Resort with an investment of 50 million USD and many other strategic investors who are interested and looking for investment opportunities in Ha Long city (Quang Ninh Provincial People's Committee, 2014).
2.2. Situation of tourism management activities in Ha Long city, Quang Ninh province in the period 2010-2020
2.2.1. On the development and publicization of tourism development plans and projects in the area
In the current context, to manage and develop tourism activities, Quang Ninh province does not develop and issue a separate plan and strategy for Ha Long tourism industry, but Quang Ninh province builds a master plan for socio-economic development of Ha Long city until 2015 and vision to 2020 approved in Decision No. 619/QD-UBND dated March 5, 2010 of Quang Ninh Provincial People's Committee. However, the viewpoint and development goals of Decision 619/QD-UBND dated March 5, 2010 are no longer suitable for the current situation of the province in general and Ha Long city in particular. In Conclusion No. 08-KL/BCĐ dated June 25, 2014, the Provincial Planning Steering Committee directed that it is necessary to complete the master plan for socio-economic development.
socio-economic development of localities in the last quarter of 2014, including the master plan for socio-economic development of Ha Long city. The master plan for socio-economic development is prepared in accordance with current legal provisions in Decree No. 92/2006/ND-CP dated September 7, 2006 on the preparation, appraisal and approval of the master plan for socio-economic development and Decree No. 04/2008/ND-CP dated January 11, 2008 of the Government amending and supplementing a number of articles of Decree No. 92/2006/ND-CP on the preparation, appraisal, approval and management of the master plan for socio-economic development.
This plan was prepared based on the contributions and direction of many departments/offices/sectors (Department of Planning and Investment, Investment Promotion and Support Board, Department of Health, Department of Agriculture and Rural Development, General Statistics Office, Department of Transport, Department of Natural Resources and Environment, Ha Long Bay Management Board, Department of Industry and Trade, Department of Culture, Sports and Tourism) and departments under Ha Long City. The plan also referred to other sources of documents from the Global Economic Forum, the World Bank, the Asian Development Bank and the Vietnam Chamber of Commerce and Industry. In addition, the consulting unit also conducted interviews with domestic and foreign enterprises that have recently invested or are planning to invest in the city in the near future. Field surveys to assess natural resources and areas in Ha Long, including Ha Long Bay, Bai Tho Mountain, Tran Quoc Nghien Temple, Ha Long Marina, Hung Thang area, VINCOM Trade Center, Cai Lan Industrial Park, Viet Hung Industrial Park and other areas in the City. Along with domestic experiences, international expert opinions were also included in the Planning, specifically global experts in the field of socio-economic development who advised the planning during the planning period on expert opinions and international perspectives, based on previous experiences of countries in socio-economic development projects for governments around the world.
On June 7, 2019, the Government issued Decision No. 702/QD-TTG of the Prime Minister approving the adjustment of the master plan of Ha Long City to 2040, with a vision to 2050, with the objectives of: (i). Enhancing the role and position of Ha Long City in particular and Quang Ninh province in general in the region and internationally. Building Ha Long City towards sustainable development
sustainable, suitable for green growth requirements and climate change adaptation; (ii). Building and developing Ha Long City to become a civilized and friendly coastal tourism city; an international-class service - tourism center with a synchronous and modern socio-economic infrastructure system, associated with the preservation and promotion of the value of the World Natural Heritage Ha Long Bay; (iii). Building a modern and synchronous urban technical and social infrastructure system; promoting the role as the nucleus and important traffic hub of the whole country.
Based on the above bases, after the Plan was signed and issued by the Prime Minister. The People's Committee of Ha Long City organized the announcement of this plan. In particular, regarding the orientation of tourism development, the city develops entertainment tourism, resort tourism, high-class resorts, international passenger ports, marinas, modern international-class inland waterway ports at Bai Chay - Hung Thang; cultural tourism in the Hon Gai area, high-quality eco-tourism and resorts in Tuan Chau, Dai Yen, combined with neighboring localities to supplement tourism support services. The city attracts investment in a system of high-quality hotels, resorts, and entertainment areas to provide diverse services for tourists. At the same time, allocates a land fund of 524 hectares to build accommodation facilities such as resorts, hotels, and motels.
In addition, Ha Long also develops a system of beaches and public services in coastal areas of Hong Gai, Hong Ha, Ha Phong, Cao Xanh, Bai Chay, Hung Thang, Tuan Chau... to serve tourists and the community...
To implement the planning, Ha Long city has based on the planned regions, spaces and functional subdivisions to develop and submit for approval specific plans, detailed plans on capital, investment attraction, design... At the same time, it is necessary to review and adjust previous plans to suit the new planning adjustment; quickly develop regulations and planning management tools, submit for opinions to the central ministries, branches and the Provincial People's Committee so that the implementation of the planning is guaranteed to be on schedule.
2.2.2. On organizing the implementation of policies, laws and documents of competent state agencies related to tourism activities in the area
* On organizing the implementation of policies and legal regulations in the tourism sector in the area under its management
Ha Long City People's Committee has also actively participated in proposing the development of mechanisms and policies to encourage tourism development; actively implemented Decision No. 410/QD-UB and Decision No. 4117/QD-UB of Quang Ninh Provincial People's Committee on the management of tourist boats, the ranking regulations of the top 05 tourism-rich enterprises, 5 travel agencies, tourist boats and restaurants meeting the province's leading tourism shopping standards; participated in developing policies that significantly contributed to the management and improvement of the quality of tourism services.
The City People's Committee has coordinated with towns, cities and districts with tourism potential to propagate and disseminate the Law on Tourism to tourism establishments and businesses in the area. Proposing solutions and plans to strengthen cooperation in developing Ha Long tourism with localities in the province and in the country.
Based on the master plan for socio-economic development of the city to 2030 with a vision to 2040, the People's Committee of Ha Long city also proposed specific plans to encourage tourism development in the city with special policies and incentives.
Ha Long City has organized the announcement of the list of key investment calling projects in Ha Long City approved by the People's Committee of Quang Ninh province. In the period of 2016 - 2020, there are 42 projects in 06 fields, of which 14 projects are in the field of tourism services. The above projects have and will contribute to strong changes in tourism in the area and have demonstrated the right direction and appropriate policies of the city in attracting strategic investors to invest in socio-economic development projects in the city.
In addition, the People's Committee of Ha Long City has actively coordinated with relevant agencies to implement the program in the annual work plan assigned by Quang Ninh province.
In the master plan for socio-economic development of Ha Long city to 2020, with a vision to 2030 recently approved by the Provincial People's Committee, the city's development goals are also identified, which are: Taking tourism and service development as the focus, associated with promoting the value of the World Heritage - Natural Wonder of Ha Long Bay, expanding connections with Bai Tu Long Bay; at the same time, focusing on building priority projects to promote investment, build and develop the service industry, entertainment industry, cultural industry based on the foundation of creative industry organized at a high level, creating breakthroughs, differences and high added value. To realize this goal, the City has been making efforts to implement many solutions from the perspective of sustainable tourism development associated with protecting the value of resources and the environment, bringing Ha Long tourism to promote its strengths and achieve high efficiency. In particular, promoting the planning of tourist areas and spots in the area to attract investment in developing tourism infrastructure, connecting tourism between localities, developing tourism products; enhancing promotional, advertising and cooperation activities, improving the tourism business environment, and improving the quality of human resources.
* Organize propaganda of tourism laws
Based on policies and plans, the dissemination and propaganda of tourism laws and tourism-related activities have been focused on by relevant parties, because this is one of the important contents in the management of tourism activities. Every year, the Department of Culture, Sports and Tourism of Quang Ninh province organizes training courses to disseminate tourism development policies to districts and towns in the whole province and coordinates with the Ha Long city government, along with other cities and districts to organize training conferences for travel agencies, hotels, restaurants, and accommodation establishments in the area on tourism services, policies, and laws on tourism, especially before major tourism programs such as summer tourism in Ha Long city...
In Ha Long city, the propaganda and dissemination of tourism laws are carried out regularly. The propaganda and dissemination take place in many forms, diverse and rich. In recent years, the city has built and organized many propaganda activities integrated with political and cultural events.