Developing tourism economy in Ha Long city, Quang Ninh province

making both tourism supply and demand increase. Therefore, tourism businesses also merge and join together to coexist in competition and become a popular trend in the world tourism industry. Tourism promotion and marketing activities will be more effective thanks to the advancement of technology, especially the remarkable development of communication technology, computers and telecommunications, creating conditions to expand the choice of tourism products for buyers, including intermediary buyers and direct consumers, making it easier for tourists to access tourism service providers.

Tourist needs are changing in a diverse and complex way, while awareness, knowledge of the market, and the ability to perceive actual and potential tourists about tourism are also increasing thanks to the attention and training of human resources of all countries. The demand for tourism for sightseeing, learning about ethnic cultures and exploring is increasing more than the demand for resort tourism. Green tourism, eco-tourism and environmental tourism are emerging. Therefore, sustainable tourism development is becoming a strong trend in countries. Tourism product suppliers have fundamentally changed their marketing methods to meet the increasingly specific and specialized demands of tourists. Therefore, tourism promotion and advertising are extremely important and vital activities, not only for tourism service providers, but also for the tourism industry of a country.

Over the course of its development, world tourism has shaped regional territories with different international tourist market shares. Although Europe and North America have increased in absolute terms, their market shares have declined compared to Asian regions.

- Pacific, South Asia, Africa and the Indian Ocean region. Of which, Europe's tourism market share accounts for 58.8%, Americas accounts for 18.6%, East Asia - Pacific accounts for 16%. In particular, the Asia - Pacific region will be the fastest growing market, with a growth rate of 8%/year in the period 2005 - 2010. According to the WTO, in 2005 the East Asia - Pacific region

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Oceania will reach a revenue of 1 trillion USD. By 2010, the market share of international tourists in this region reached 22.08% of the world market, surpassing America and behind Europe. By 2020, it will be 27.34% of the world market; in which China will be the leader in attracting international tourists in 2020 with 130 million visitors, Hong Kong will rank fifth with 56.6 million visitors [42].

Nature has favored the East Asia - Pacific region with a climate that has created a rich and diverse ecosystem, creating a spectacular natural landscape with primeval tropical forests, rich flora and fauna and abundant sunshine. In addition, the appeal of the mysterious and ancient Eastern culture with many historical relics, scenic spots (Tombs, temples, cultural festivals) will be an emerging tourism market, bringing many attractions to world tourists, especially for unique types of eco-tourism and cultural tourism. Economically, this is an area with a high economic growth rate and attracts significant foreign investment. In recent years, countries in the region have considered tourism an important economic sector in the national economy, so they have introduced many policies to create favorable conditions for investment in tourism development. Currently, Southeast Asia is considered one of the most dynamic markets and the four countries with the most prosperous tourism markets are Malaysia, Thailand, Singapore and Indonesia.

Nowadays, the number of Asian people visiting neighboring countries has increased significantly due to the positive economic growth in the countries in the region. Asian tourists have increased income, but they prefer to choose places close to their business and like to go to neighboring countries with suitable food and familiar exchanges... Most countries in the region have launched, promoted, and advertised tourist destinations and types of tourism. At the same time, efforts are being made to diversify tourism products such as combining eco-tourism with visiting artificial areas, improving the quality of beach tourism, resorts... One of the prominent forms of promotion is

The event “Year of Tourism” aims to widely introduce tourist destinations and highlight the cultural, historical and artistic identities of each country. In addition, the governments of Southeast Asian countries all share the same view of developing ASEAN into a unified tourism market by turning this region into a center for conferences, exhibitions, seminars, and sporting events of the world and Asia.

4.1.1.2. Advantages and opportunities for economic development of tourism in Ha Long city today

The Southeast Asian region's international tourist market share has the fastest growth rate in the world, reaching 10% in 2013, increasing from 84.2 million visitors in 2012 to 92.7 million visitors in 2013, second only to Northeast Asia. Some Southeast Asian destinations have been achieving double-digit growth, with Myanmar, Cambodia and Vietnam having the highest growth rates in relative terms. The development of low-cost airlines has made intra-regional and inter-regional travel more convenient, more economical, and made it easier to access destinations, thereby changing people's travel habits and patterns, creating conditions to stimulate tourism demand.

Political stability and open foreign policy, making friends with countries and territories around the world, along with the correct awareness and attention of the Party and the State are favorable factors for tourism development. The rate of citizens in the province and the whole country with high income is increasing, the change in consumer views has created new opportunities for tourism development.

4.1.1.3. Current difficulties in developing tourism economy in Ha Long city

The world situation still contains potential factors causing instability, especially the struggle for influence, disputes over sovereignty of seas, islands, resources , economic globalization with complex manifestations, intertwined between positive and negative, unpredictable opportunities and challenges.

More and more countries are realizing the important role of tourism.

in socio-economic development, especially emerging economies, so global competition is becoming fierce. Competition between destinations in the region is also becoming fiercer, especially in building images and brands. Countries with strong tourism development in the region such as Malaysia, Thailand, Singapore constantly innovate in products, brands are built systematically and these destinations are often clearly identified in the general image of tourism in the Southeast Asian region. Products of Vietnam in general and Quang Ninh in particular lack competitiveness and are easily replaced by other products in countries in the region. Along with competitive policies on price, competition on added value for tourism products, competition on creating favorable conditions for tourists to access destinations is one of the new trends. Countries are willing to reduce, exempt visas, open up air routes to attract tourists from distant markets. Visa exemption policy among ASEAN countries also makes the intra-bloc tourism competition environment more fierce.

Professionalism and experience in tourism promotion are still limited. Marketing activities take place on a small scale, lacking initiative due to limited budget and resources. While the world is popularizing marketing and e-commerce trends, this field is still quite new in Vietnam.

4.1.2. Direction of economic tourism development in Ha Long city .

Tourism development must thoroughly grasp the guidelines and policies of the Party and the State, especially the resolutions of the 8th, 9th, 10th Party Congresses and the Resolution of the 12th Quang Ninh Provincial Party Congress. That is, developing tourism economy into a spearhead economic sector; focusing on exploiting the rich potential and strengths of natural landscapes, historical relics... to create a new step in tourism development in the coming years. Developing tourism as a spearhead economic sector is a positive direction to promote the transformation

economic structure, promote the development of other industries, contribute to the industrialization and modernization of the country.

Tourism economic development is based on promoting internal strength, the combined strength of industries and economic components, taking advantage of all external resources to prioritize investment in tourism infrastructure to promote the potentials and advantages of the province. Tourism is an important comprehensive economic sector, with profound cultural content, interdisciplinary, inter-regional and highly socialized. Therefore, tourism economic development must be associated with preserving and promoting national cultural identity, conserving landscape values, ecological environment, and selectively absorbing the quintessence of human culture.

Economic development of tourism must focus on socio-economic efficiency while ensuring national security, social order and safety, contributing effectively to the cause of protecting the Fatherland. Exploiting the tourism potential of Quang Ninh must be consistent with the needs and capabilities of the province, linked to the orientation, strategy and development planning of the province; integrating tourism into the socio-economic development planning of the province. Quang Ninh tourism development must be placed in relation to the tourism development of neighboring provinces, especially the connection with the capital Hanoi... to ensure regional connectivity to create stable customer markets.

4.2. MAIN SOLUTIONS TO PROMOTE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN HA LONG CITY IN THE TIME

4.2.1. State solutions.

Create a favorable environment for competition and sustainable development of tourism activities in Quang Ninh, while encouraging businesses and units to strengthen cooperation in tourism development.

The State implements an equal regime with enterprises of all economic sectors, without intervening too deeply in the business activities of enterprises. All enterprises conduct business activities.

business according to market requirements, self-responsible for the results of its business activities. Equality is shown in: equality of opportunity, investment conditions, rights and obligations, equality of competitiveness. Implement innovation and rearrangement of tourism businesses throughout the province according to appropriate types and scales.

For tourism businesses in general, it is necessary to strengthen the management, approval and licensing of operations while strictly controlling compliance with tourism regulations to limit ineffective businesses and unhealthy competition, thereby creating a state of imperfect competition in the market, causing damage and distorting signals sent to the market. Merge unlicensed and small-scale tourism businesses to increase the competitiveness of medium and large businesses. The current situation in Quang Ninh province is that there are too many tourism businesses, most of which are small, even very small. These businesses have very limited capital and scope of operations, no tourism products, they mainly exploit natural resources, do not research and develop new tourism products. There are even businesses that only act as intermediaries and receive commissions, causing disruption to tourism activities, pushing up tour prices, reducing attractiveness to tourists, and directly affecting the decline in demand for tourism products in the province. Therefore, it is necessary to eliminate unlicensed units and rectify units that do not operate within the functions of the licenses granted.

Promote cooperation among tourism enterprises to gain advantages in scale. Due to their small scale, many tourism enterprises in Quang Ninh do not have the capacity to market to foreign markets, cannot carry out large promotional campaigns, and therefore cannot welcome large groups of tourists with high quality requirements. Therefore, too small units must form joint ventures.

- linking up into a business with enough strength to attract customers as well as compete successfully with foreign companies in the provincial and regional tourism market. This is a practical solution to enhance the competitiveness of Quang Ninh tourism today.

Increase the legal capital for newly established tourism businesses, especially international travel, to limit businesses that are too small, operate inefficiently with low quality products, negatively affecting the entire market. For small businesses that are operating legally and firmly in the market, it is necessary to encourage them to increase capital, and have binding regulations on capital when granting licenses for international travel business activities. For state-owned enterprises, it is necessary to promote administrative reform, simplify procedures related to tourism activities: reorganize state-owned enterprises operating in tourism business in the direction of equitization, assignment, sale, contracting, leasing, merger, consolidation, dissolution, and bankruptcy as in the spirit of Resolution 3 of the Central Committee (9th tenure) to ensure their existence, development, and expansion of operating space in the market.

Focus on prioritizing capital investment, technology, and infrastructure construction.

In the coming time, Quang Ninh should promote investment attraction for large projects to develop high-end tourist areas that meet international standards, capable of providing many tourist services at the same time. Focus on developing a system of accommodation facilities and tourism service works in a synchronous manner, diversifying service types in a number of accommodation facilities. Priority should be given to investment projects to build accommodation facilities in urban development areas or future tourist areas. At the same time, develop restaurants, improve service quality to meet the diverse needs of tourists, especially pay attention to upgrading the quality to meet international tourist service standards. In addition, it is necessary to focus on investing in building infrastructure for the whole province, inter-province, especially in neighboring areas, building roads, air, road, waterway, and railway traffic to facilitate the movement of tourists to Quang Ninh province.

To overcome the situation of chasing immediate profits, competent state agencies need to adjust the imbalance in the field of foreign investment in the provincial tourism market. Currently, up to 54.8% of projects focus on building hotels and tourism services, while only 18% of projects build entertainment areas and tourism areas account for only 27.2% . For Quang Ninh to truly become a tourist and conference center, it needs many high-class accommodation and services, so it must be invested to meet this demand. In fact, the lack of tourism and entertainment areas will make it less attractive to domestic tourism and will not make full use of the time spent staying at the international tourist transit stop.

Create favorable conditions for human resource development

The State needs to pay attention to and implement common, synchronous solutions from mechanisms, policies, investments, finances to programs, teaching content, facilities and teaching staff...

Support the development of businesses operating in the tourism sector, preserve cultural relic sites and take measures to protect the tourism environment.

Early research and promulgation of specific environmental policies such as environmental tax policies, regulations on penalties and compensation... for cases of resource depletion and environmental pollution of the sea, coastal areas and islands. Promulgate strict regulations on marine environmental protection for foreign ships entering and operating at sea.

Simplify administrative procedures

State agencies need to create all conditions for the tourism industry to develop sustainably. Simplify administrative procedures for new businesses that want to enter the industry to do business, initially creating extremely favorable conditions for businesses. Do not introduce policies and administrative procedures that cause inconvenience to customers, causing disadvantages to existing businesses.

Developing tourism economy in Ha Long city, Quang Ninh province - 11

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