intangible cultural heritage without paying attention to the subject that created it. Many opinions say that it is the creation of the people without fully realizing the origin of creation, transmission, preservation, and transmission of intangible cultural heritage from generation to generation. Collecting and researching also has the role of artisans. Promoting the role of artisans in the community is necessary work, must be maintained regularly, but unfortunately we have not done it well.
Many researchers believe that: issues related to policies, people, investors, social organizations and communities, especially international organizations... are all important parts in promoting the values of intangible cultural heritages recognized by UNESCO. To fundamentally preserve and promote intangible cultural values, cognitive solutions are the most important. Because from recognizing the value and role of this cultural heritage, the community itself will know what to do to preserve and promote it. In individual cases, the cultural creator and the owner of the heritage is a community of residents, so their will, aspirations, needs, and even interests also have a significant impact on the survival of intangible cultural heritage, because they are the deciding factors in deciding which intangible cultural heritages need to be used and exploited to satisfy the cultural enjoyment needs of individuals and the community. In addition, the State needs to invest more in this field to meet practical needs, have a complete plan, and determine specific time frames. Have appropriate policies, pay more attention to artisans so that they can teach the community the heritages that are still preserved in consciousness. Know how to arouse the proactive creativity of the people in community activities to meet the needs of cultural activities in the new period. Preserve cultural traditions in families, villages, and hamlets, create conditions for the masses to receive information about all aspects of economic and social life and exercise their right to mastery. Pay special attention to the voices of cultural subjects, ensuring their rights in creating and enjoying culture. On the other hand, encourage and create conditions for organizations and individuals to research, preserve, teach and introduce intangible cultural heritage. Improve the quality of scientific research on unique intangible cultural heritage values, open up
Training courses on traditional folk songs and dances. Should learn how to make a cultural heritage database from countries with experience and conditions.
In addition, the urgent requirement is to select a team of cadres to implement the policy of preserving intangible cultural values with good expertise and understanding of the culture and customs of people in all regions of the country. Because the important thing for promoting intangible cultural heritage is to make that heritage "live" in life, as its true nature, contributing to preserving the national cultural identity, making culture become the spiritual foundation of society, making cultural heritage in general, intangible cultural heritage in particular, forever a rich resource, an advantageous tourism product of many localities.
Recognizing the important role of culture in socio-economic development, shaping the face of a nation. Therefore, the work of preserving and promoting national cultural values is one of the core points in the cultural policy of our Party and State. At the 5th Central Conference, Session VIII, when proposing the policy of " preserving, promoting and developing the culture of ethnic minorities ", the Communist Party of Vietnam affirmed: " Respect and preserve, promote traditional values and build and develop new values of culture, literature and art of ethnic minorities" [10 , p.63] . Decision of the Prime Minister No. 124/2003/QD-TTG dated June 17, 2003 on approving the project to preserve and develop the culture of ethnic minorities in Vietnam with the goals of preserving, selectively inheriting and promoting the quintessence of traditional culture of ethnic groups. As well as in the spirit of the Resolution of the 5th Central Conference, Session VIII, the Project " Preserving and developing the culture of ethnic minorities in Vietnam to 2020 " was approved by the Prime Minister on July 27, 2011.
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In accordance with this project, the People's Committee of Dak Lak province has issued a Plan to implement the Project " Preserving and developing the culture of ethnic minorities in Vietnam until 2020 " in the province to effectively implement sub-projects according to Decision No. 1270/QD-TTg dated July 27, 2011 of the Prime Minister, thereby effectively implementing the work of preserving and enhancing the capacity to protect themselves against the risk of cultural loss of ethnic minorities with very few people, creating conditions to promote the culture of ethnic minorities with many people.
large population; preserve and develop the culture of ethnic minorities in the province by 2020.
Krong Pac, like other localities in Dak Lak province, is making efforts to implement policies to preserve and promote intangible cultural values. The implementation of policies to preserve and promote intangible cultural values in the locality has achieved certain successes, however, in addition, the implementation of this policy still faces shortcomings and limitations. The promulgation of specific local policies to implement the policy is still slow, leading to the situation that some intangible heritages of the ethnic communities in Krong Pac district are gradually fading away, and some heritages have even been lost. In the face of the constant movement and change of the world, the development of the market economy, and the current integration trend, it has greatly affected the culture of ethnic groups in general and the traditional cultural values of ethnic groups in Krong Pac district, Dak Lak province in particular. Due to the impact of the market economy, the strong influence of cultural values from other communities; the influence of new religions..., the traditional cultural values of ethnic groups are at risk of fading away and being broken in the integration process. This situation has raised the issue of the urgency of perfecting solutions to implement policies on preserving and promoting intangible cultural values in Krong Pac district today.
From that reality, the issue of "Implementing policies to preserve and promote intangible cultural values in Krong Pac district, Dak Lak province" was chosen as the topic of a master's thesis, majoring in Public Policy, which has urgent theoretical and practical significance.
2. Research status related to the topic
Intangible cultural heritage in particular and the cultural heritage system in general have a long history of formation and development, organically linked to the cultural and social life of each country, created by humans, inherited and preserved from generation to generation.
UNESCO document (1971) entitled “Posibility establishing international instruments for the protection of folklore” ( Posibility establishing international instruments for the protection of folklore)
instrument to protect Folklore ). In 1989, UNESCO issued the first international normative document, ' The recommendation on the Safeguarding of Traditional Culture and Folklore ' . Thus, it can be said that in 1971 it was realized into an official document; the scope of protection was expanded to include traditional culture. In 1992, a program on intangible cultural heritage was established. In 1997, this program was upgraded by UNESCO to a top priority program in the cultural field of UNESCO, specifically expressed in the project called "Official proclamation of Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity". This has helped to perfect the concept of "world heritage" when it was previously only understood as natural heritage and tangible cultural heritage. By 2003, after many discussions at UNESCO, the Convention on Intangible Cultural Heritage was adopted; this is the result of a long process of awareness, through which a fairly comprehensive concept of intangible cultural heritage was established. From the above concepts, some observations can be drawn as follows:
Most of the concepts try to list the forms of intangible cultural heritage such as dance, music, language, traditional crafts, etc. These research works may exclude some cultural features that will only be known and recognized as intangible cultural heritage in the future. However, they also clearly present specific manifestations of intangible cultural heritage, which will answer the question: what type of heritage do we need to protect specifically today? The above concepts all identify the outstanding values of intangible cultural heritage: historical value, artistic value, academic value. Those values are the core of the issue of protecting cultural heritage. Protection is not only because of the presence of a type of heritage in the cultural heritage system, but also to preserve the values that it brings to the community. That value is the driving force that motivates each country to take positive actions to protect intangible cultural heritage.
The concretization of intangible cultural heritage is a difficult thing because it has no definite shape, but it can be seen that people are the place that contains those cultural heritages. These heritages do not exist clearly like a house.
A temple or an architectural work needs people to use and transmit it so that others will know about its existence. If the last people who keep that heritage disappear, that heritage will also disappear. Therefore, people are the center of intangible cultural heritage.
In our country, in Vietnam, although the Law on Cultural Heritage was not enacted until 2001, the protection of cultural heritage had been raised long before that. The medieval Laws (National Dynasty Penal Code - Ly Dynasty; Le Dynasty Penal Code - Hong Duc Law, Le Dynasty; Hoang Viet Law - Gia Long Law, Nguyen Dynasty) and the medieval historical records ( Dai Viet Su Ky Toan Thu, Lam Son Thuc Luc, Viet Su Thong Giam Cuong Muc , Dai Nam Nhat Thong Chi, Gia Dinh Thanh Thong Chi, Dai Nam Thuc Luc... ) show that the ancient feudal kings were also aware of the need to protect cultural heritage. Especially the religious architectural works that show the solemnity and authority of the gods and the king, built with the contributions of the entire people, demonstrating the talent, intelligence, spirituality, feelings, beliefs, and hopes of the dynasties as well as the community, were all carefully preserved.
In modern history, the first document to mention this issue was Decree No. 65/SL dated November 23, 1945 of the Government of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam “Determining the tasks of the Oriental Archaeological Institute”. The Decree affirmed that the preservation of ancient relics is a very important and necessary task for the construction of Vietnam.
In 1958, at the Conference of Cultural Officials, President Ho Chi Minh affirmed : “The very good proverbs, rhymes, and folk songs are the creations of the masses. Those creations are very good but short, not “long and vast”, not “long and endless”. Cultural officials need to help the creations of the masses. Those creations are precious gems” [31, pp.125-127]
The simple words of President Ho Chi Minh more than half a century ago were the first guidelines on the issue of protecting intangible cultural heritage.
In 2001, for the first time, the issue of protecting cultural heritage was institutionalized into a Law. On June 29, 2001, the National Assembly of Vietnam promulgated the Law on Cultural Heritage , which was then amended and supplemented by Law No. 32/2009/QH12 amending and supplementing a number of articles.
Article of the Law on Cultural Heritage 2001. [Chapter I, Article 4] This is the legal basis for us to implement the policy of preserving and promoting intangible cultural values in the context of both socio-economic development and protecting cultural heritage for future generations.
Author Le Dinh Thanh has researched on "Implementing policies to preserve intangible cultural heritage in Phu Tho". The author analyzed and evaluated: In order for intangible cultural heritage to spread in the community, it can be said that, up to this point, Phu Tho has paid great attention to the implementation of policies to preserve and promote the value of intangible cultural heritage and has achieved valuable achievements. However, like other localities across the country, Phu Tho still faces many difficulties in the process of implementing policies to preserve and promote the value of intangible cultural heritage with the current situation of the risk of loss and fading of many types of intangible cultural heritage, the promotion of the value of traditional festivals is still limited; the collection, preservation and promotion of intangible cultural heritage are not commensurate with the existing potential; the source of funding, budget, means, and human resources needed to invest and arrange for this field is still difficult [40].
The author argues: To improve the quality and effectiveness of the implementation of the policy of preserving and promoting the value of intangible cultural heritage in the province, the necessary and fundamental thing is to bring these cultural heritages back to the cultural community, by arousing love and pride for the traditions of the nation in each person to the whole community. Carry out well the work of inventorying and establishing scientific records of intangible cultural heritage in the locality in a scientific and systematic manner through documenting and materializing the system of intangible cultural heritages to identify and determine the level of existence, value and vitality of each type of intangible cultural heritage in the community, on that basis, propose effective conservation and promotion plans. In addition, it is necessary to strengthen the implementation of specific policies and mechanisms to strengthen state management of the above activities, attaching the responsibility of all levels of government, organizations and people to socialize the work of preserving and promoting the value of cultural heritage; strengthen propaganda on the preservation of intangible culture for people to raise awareness of the cultural traditions of the nation so that each individual has the awareness to protect heritage. At the same time, bring intangible cultural heritage into preservation in archives, into teaching in schools, organizing activities in the community or in museums.
and have policies and regimes for artisans and individuals who have contributed to preserving, conserving and promoting the value of national cultural heritage.
Author Khanh Van in the scientific topic "Implementing the policy of preserving and promoting intangible cultural values in Son La" [53], the author deeply analyzed: Implementing the Law on Cultural Heritage, the Department of Culture, Sports and Tourism of Son La province has done a good job of building this policy through the following activities: inventorying historical - cultural relics and scenic spots in the area, assessing the current situation of organizing the implementation of the policy of preserving and promoting the values of ranked relics. At the same time, organizing investigations, surveys, research to establish scientific records to propose all levels to rank historical - cultural relics and scenic spots in the whole province. The author analyzed that to implement this policy, the agency in charge of implementing the policy has developed an implementation plan; Conducting activities such as: statistics, our province currently has 96 relics listed, including 1 special national relic, 16 national relics, 46 provincial relics, 33 unclassified relics. Units and localities assigned to manage historical relics and scenic spots have done a good job of conservation and effective exploitation, attracting thousands of visitors every year to visit, study and research, contributing to educating traditions, awareness of promoting national cultural identity, building a healthy cultural environment among the people. Some relics have had revenue from entrance fees to reinvest in restoration, embellishment and anti-degradation work, such as: Son La Prison National Special Relic, Que Lam Ngu Che Stele Relic - Temple of King Le Thai Tong, Tay Tien Regiment Memorial Historical Relic... To maintain the policy in the locality, the agency in charge of implementing the policy, the Department of Culture, Sports and Tourism, has coordinated with local authorities to organize the preservation of cultural, historical and ethnic documents and artifacts that are always of interest. The Provincial Museum is preserving more than 20 thousand documents and artifacts, including valuable collections of artifacts, such as: Collection of bronze objects, bronze drums; ancient Thai and Dao books; costumes of ethnic minorities... displayed according to a number of topics in the space of Son La Prison National Special Relic, such as: Cultural characteristics of Son La ethnic groups; Son La archaeology in the Pre-historic period; Uncle Ho with the people of Son La ethnic groups; typical cultural heritages of ethnic groups
recognized and included in the list of national intangible cultural heritage. The exhibition house "Cultural heritage of Son La Hydropower Reservoir" with a storage system of more than 6,000 artifacts collected and excavated in the flooded area of Son La Hydropower Plant and a system of displaying artifacts excavated from archaeological sites, the construction process of Son La Hydropower Plant; and the culture of ethnic groups in the flooded area of Son La Hydropower Reservoir.
In order to continuously implement the policy, the Department of Culture, Sports and Tourism has inspected the implementation of the contents of the policy on preserving and promoting intangible cultural values, such as: conducting an inventory of cultural heritage of ethnic groups in the area to fully identify the cultural characteristics of ethnic groups, sectors and local groups with 9 ethnic groups, including: Thai, Mong, Dao, Muong, Xinh Mun, Kho Mu, La Ha, Lao, Khang and researching and establishing scientific records of typical intangible cultural heritage, proposing to include it in the list of national intangible cultural heritage. As a result, the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism has recognized and included 12 typical cultural heritages in the list of national intangible cultural heritages, namely: Ancient writing of the Thai ethnic group, Het Cha ceremony of the Thai ethnic group (Moc Chau white Thai group); Thai xoe art; Mong ethnic clan worship ceremony; Pang A ceremony (praying for peace) of the La Ha ethnic group; the coming-of-age ceremony of the Dao ethnic group; the art of the Khen of the Mong people in Moc Chau district; the traditional wedding ceremony of the Tien Dao people; the hair-washing ceremony of the White Thai people in Quynh Nhai district; the art of creating patterns on costumes of the Flower Mong people in Moc Chau district; the Mang Ma ceremony (praying for health) of the Xinh Mun people in Chieng On commune, Yen Chau district; the Kin Pang Then ceremony of the White Thai people. Maintain well the activities of researching, collecting, producing, performing, teaching and documenting the traditional cultures of ethnic groups, such as: Musical instruments of the Mong, Thai, Dao, Kho Mu people; folk songs of the Dao, Thai, Muong, Mong people; the craft of making paper and the art of painting on Do paper of the Dao people; the buffalo worshiping ceremony of the Thai people; the village worshiping ceremony of the La Ha people; the new rice celebration of the Lao people; the craft of embroidering and printing patterns with beeswax on fabric of the Mong people...
In addition, since 1992, the province has regularly maintained over 3,000 mass art troupes in villages, groups, and sub-regions. In addition to the support budget of 2 million