HANOI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
UNIVERSITY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES
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NGUYEN THI HONG VAN
IMPACT OF TOURISM ON CULTURAL AND SOCIAL LIFE OF THAI PEOPLE IN MAI CHAU - HOA BINH AND DEVELOPMENT SOLUTIONS
(CASE STUDY OF 4 VERSIONS: LAC VERSION, POM CONG VERSION, VAN VERSION, NHOT VERSION)
MASTER'S THESIS IN TOURISM STUDIES
(PILOT TRAINING PROGRAM)
HANOI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
UNIVERSITY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES
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NGUYEN THI HONG VAN
IMPACT OF TOURISM ON CULTURAL AND SOCIAL LIFE OF THAI PEOPLE IN MAI CHAU - HOA BINH AND DEVELOPMENT SOLUTIONS
(CASE STUDY OF 4 VERSIONS: LAC VERSION, POM CONG VERSION, VAN VERSION, NHOT VERSION)
MAJOR: TOURISM CODE:
MASTER'S THESIS IN TOURISM STUDIES
(PILOT TRAINING PROGRAM)
SCIENTIFIC INSTRUCTOR: ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR. DR. DINH TRUNG KIEN
INDEX
INTRODUCTION 1
Chapter 1. OVERVIEW OF NATURAL, SOCIO-CULTURAL CONDITIONS OF THE THAI PEOPLE IN MAI CHAU - HOA BINH 9
1.1. Natural conditions of Hoa Binh province and Mai Chau district 9
1.1.1.Hoa Binh Province 9
1.1.2. Mai Chau District 11
1.2. Brief history, culture and society of Thai people in Mai Chau 14
1.2.1. Brief history of the formation of the Thai Vietnamese and Thai people
in Mai Chau - Hoa Binh 14
1.2.2. Brief history of formation and socio-cultural development of Thai people in Mai Chau 19
1.2.3. Brief history of economic development of the Thai people in Mai Chau 20
Chapter 2. TOURISM ACTIVITIES AND ITS IMPACT ON THE SOCIO-CULTURAL LIFE OF THE THAI PEOPLE IN MAI CHAU - HOA BINH 22
2.1. Traditional culture and society of the Thai people in Mai Chau 22
2.1.1. House 22
2.1.2. Costume 24
2.1.3. Cuisine 27
2.1.4. Behavioral culture of Thai people in Mai Chau-Hoa Binh 30
2.1.5. Customs 33
2.1.6. Festival 36
2.1.7. Literature and art 39
2.2. The formation and development of tourism in Mai Chau - Hoa Binh 42
2.2.1. Tourism development situation in Hoa Binh province 42
2.2.2. The formation and development of tourism in Mai Chau-Hoa Binh 44
2.2.3. Tourism business activities in Mai Chau-Hoa Binh 46
2.3. Impact of tourism on the cultural and social life of Thai people in Mai Chau-Hoa Binh 52
2.3.1. Impact on construction and home decoration 53
2.3.2. Impact on clothing 69
2.3.3. Impact on cuisine 84
2.3.4. Impact on family and social relationships 90
2.3.5. Impact on culture and art 94
2.3.6. Impact on economic structure, division of labor 101
2.3.7. Impact on language 104
Chapter 3. SOME SOLUTIONS FOR SUSTAINABLE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT TO CONTRIBUTE TO THE CONSERVATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIO-CULTURAL VALUES
GOOD THINGS IN THE THAI COMMUNITY IN MAI CHAU-HOA BINH 108
3.1. Current status and tourism development potential of Thai people in Mai Chau - Hoa Binh 108
3.2. Tourism development orientation of Thai people in Mai Chau
- Peace 110
3.3. The objectives of sustainable tourism development solutions are to preserve the traditional socio-cultural identity of the Thai people in Mai
Chau-Hoa Binh 112
3.4. Solutions for sustainable and modern tourism development to protect
preserve traditional cultural and social identity 114
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 122
REFERENCES 125
LIST OF TABLES AND CHARTS 129
INTRODUCTION
1. Reason for choosing the topic
Among the great achievements of the renovation process in our country, ethnic minority areas have made a lot of progress in economy, culture and society. One of the decisive factors for the progress of economy, culture and society in mountainous areas is the structural change in economic development. Economic development can originate from the change in the structure of crops and livestock, the development of traditional industries, the development of tourism, etc., in which tourism is one of the advantages that the mountainous areas have been and are fully exploiting. The tourism industry has become one of the important economic sectors of many mountainous localities: Sa Pa (Lao Cai), Mai Chau (Hoa Binh), Dien Bien town (Dien Bien), Phong Nha- Ke Bang (Quang Binh), Thap Cham (Ninh Thuan), Buon Don, Lac (Dak Lak), Ba Den (Tay Ninh). etc.
Tourism development affects many different areas, including cultural and social life. Cultural and social life is improved, but foreign cultures will also affect the villages and ethnic minority areas. Language, human relationships in the family, in each village, and between people in the villages will also change. These changes also affect the products of traditional craft villages, festivals, dances, costumes, culture, art, etc.
The impact of tourism on the socio-cultural life in localities is inevitable, but one of the vital factors for tourism development is to preserve the good traditional socio-cultural values, identities, and unique cultural nuances. Therefore, to develop sustainable and highly effective tourism, one of the urgent requirements of managers and businesses is to know the impacts of tourism on socio-cultural life.
of the locality - both short-term and long-term, from which there are solutions to develop tourism sustainably and effectively.
From the above practical and theoretical requirements, I have chosen the topic:
Impact of tourism on the socio-cultural life of Thai people in Mai Chau-Hoa Binh and development solutions (Case study of 4 villages: Lac village, Pom Coong village, Van village, Nhot village) .
Tourism has only been strongly developed in Mai Chau-Hoa Binh in the last decade (1993-2007) but has brought many benefits to the people of this area, especially to the Thai ethnic group - the majority of the population in Mai Chau-Hoa Binh.
The implementation of the topic will contribute to the understanding of the current status of tourism development in Mai Chau-Hoa Binh, the impacts of tourism on the cultural and social life of the Thai people in Mai Chau-Hoa Binh; thereby proposing some solutions for tourism development while still ensuring sustainability and high efficiency.
2. History of research on the problem
The thesis deals with the following main issues: socio-culture of Thai people in Mai Chau-Hoa Binh; tourism development in Mai Chau-Hoa Binh and its impact on the socio-cultural life of Thai people in Mai Chau-Hoa Binh; solutions for tourism development in Thai villages in Mai Chau-Hoa Binh.
Regarding the socio-cultural issues of the Thai people, scholars in the world as well as in the country have been interested in researching for a long time. Documents on the socio-cultural issues of the Thai people in general and the Thai people in Hoa Binh in particular can be found in the following sources:
- Books compiled under different feudal dynasties.
- Research and collection works are compiled from the perspective of culture and tourism.
- Doctoral thesis and graduation thesis in Ethnology, Tourism, Culture.
- Some magazines in the fields of social sciences and culture and arts, Ethnology magazine, Culture and Arts magazine, Folklore magazine, Tourism magazines...
As early as 1964, there were documents by La Van Lo studying the social regime of the Tay, Nung, and Thai regions under French colonial rule. This was followed by a number of authors such as Dang Nghiem Van (1965, 1977), Dang Thai Hoang-Cam Trong (1980), Duc Van Hoa (1984), etc. Especially in the nineties, there were many research works on the culture and society of the Thai people, collected in the Vietnamese Thai Studies Program (1998).
Regarding the socio-culture of the Thai people in Mai Chau-Hoa Binh, there is a work by many authors: Dang Nghiem Van, Ha Trong Sinh, Hoang Xuan Chinh, Nguyen Huu Thuc, Ha Sum, Dang Van Tu, Nguyen Dan, Kha Tien, Lo Cao Nhum (1988). The authors have mentioned many issues about the socio-culture of the Thai people in Mai Chau-Hoa Binh. In addition, there are a number of other research works by Nguyen Huu Thuoc (1988), Lam Ba Ho (1992), etc.
The above documents are an important basis for us to complete this thesis. However, the issue of the impact of tourism on the cultural and social life of the Thai people in Mai Chau-Hoa Binh has hardly been studied. Therefore, the author has chosen this topic for research. The issues of the thesis such as the formation and development of tourism in Mai Chau-Hoa Binh, the impact of tourism on the cultural and social life of the Thai people in Mai Chau-Hoa Binh, are collected mainly through field trips, practical research and data in the villages.
Thai people in Mai Chau-Hoa Binh, in economic, tourism, planning and investment management agencies of Mai Chau district and Hoa Binh province.
3. Purpose and requirements of the topic
The thesis is carried out with the following main purposes and requirements:
- Learn and grasp the history of formation and development of culture and society of Thai people in Mai Chau - Hoa Binh before tourism development;
- Study and grasp the process of formation and development of tourism in Mai Chau-Hoa Binh in general and in Lac village, Pom Coong village, Van village, Nhot village in particular. Development trend of tourism in Mai Chau-Hoa Binh in the future.
- Study and understand the impacts of tourism on the cultural and social life of the Thai people in Mai Chau-Hoa Binh. The impacts of tourism may affect the cultural and social life of the Thai people in Mai Chau-Hoa Binh in the future;
- Research, study and propose solutions for sustainable and effective tourism development in Mai Chau-Hoa Binh while still preserving the fine traditional cultural and social identity of the Thai people in Mai Chau-Hoa Binh.
4. Subject and scope of the research topic
The main object and scope of the research is the socio-culture of the Thai people in Mai Chau-Hoa Binh before and after the development of tourism, the impact of tourism on their socio-cultural life in the past, present and future. In addition, the research also conducts research on the viewpoint of tourism development, planning orientation, investment in tourism development of Hoa Binh province in general and Mai Chau-Hoa Binh in particular to predict the development of tourism.