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Identify tourist spots and routes in Quang Nam province - 2


LIST OF DATA TABLES

Table 1.1: Location and accessibility criteria 29

Table 1.2: Criteria on infrastructure, technical facilities and services 30

Table 1.3: Criteria for the ability to receive guests 30

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Table 1.4: Criteria for MT DL 31

Table 1.5: Exploitation time criteria 32

Identify tourist spots and routes in Quang Nam province - 2

Table 1.6: Criteria for connectivity 32

Table 1.7: Socio-economic efficiency 33

Table 1.8: Criteria for management organization 35

Table 1.9: Criteria, scales and coefficients for determining tourist destinations 36

Table 1.10: Determining the synthesis and ranking of DL 35 scores

Table 1.11: Attractiveness criteria 36

Table 1.12: Criteria for exploitation level 36

Table 1.13: Infrastructure criteria 36

Table 1.14: Accommodation criteria 37

Table 1.15: Criteria, scales and coefficients for determining and classifying tourist routes 38

Table 1.16: Determining the synthesis and classification of tourist routes 38

Table 2.1: Beaches with tourism development potential and natural capacity ...51 Table 2.2: Rainfall trends at hydrometeorological stations and rain gauges during the period

1980-2017 in QN 53

Table 2.3: Number and density of historical relics - VH 59

Table 2.4: World Cultural Heritage, National Historical-Cultural Heritage Sites 59

Table 2.5: Some LHs with DL value 61

Table 2.6: Some cuisines with DL value 63

Table 2.7: Craft villages with potential for tourism exploitation 65

Table 2.8: Ethnographic objects with tourism value 67

Table 2.9: Rural - agricultural landscapes 68

Table 2.10: Some indicators of population and labor in Quang Nam province in the period 2005-2015 76

Table 2.11: The role of DL in GRDP of Quang Nam province in the period 2005-2015 77

Table 2.12: Number of projects and investment capital in the tourism sector by 2015 79

Table 3.1: Some indicators of tourism industry development 83

Table 3.2: Current status of tourists to the Central Highlands and Thua Thien Hue province 84

Table 3.3: Total tourism revenue of Quang Nam and comparison with provinces in the Central Highlands region and Thua Thien Hue province in the period 2005 - 2015 85

Table 3.4: Current status of tourism human resources in Quang Nam province from 2005 - 2015 86

Table 3.5: Number of hotels in Quang Nam in 2005-2015 87

Table 3.6: Number of visitors to some tourist attractions 92

Table 3.7: Summary of survey results on the current exploitation status of DL points 88

Table 3.8: Summary of survey results on current development status of DL 92 routes

Table 3.9: Determination of tourist destinations in Quang Nam by criteria 95

Table 3.10: Selected tourist routes in Quang Nam identified 102

Table 3.11: Determining DL routes according to criteria 103

Table 3.12: Customer identification at 4 DL 107 points

Table 3.13: Determination according to some criteria of customers at some DL 108 points

Table 3.14: Customer assessment of the quality of some transport routes in Quang Ninh province 109

Table 3.15: Customer assessment of service quality on some tourist routes in Quang Ninh province 109

Table 3.16: Determination of travel companies on 7 DL 110 points

Table 3.17: Determination of travel companies on transportation routes 111

Table 3.18: Determination of travel companies on service quality on route 111


LIST OF CHARTS, DIAGRAMS


Chart 2.1: Temperature and rainfall at two hydrometeorological stations 53

Chart 3.1: Scale and structure of tourists to Quang Nam in 2005 and 2015 84

Chart 3.2: Results of determining DL points according to criteria 98

Chart 3.3: Average score of DL points ranked 1 and 2 101

Chart 3.4: Average score of DL Grade 3 and Grade 4 points 101

Chart 3.5: Points for determining DL routes according to criteria 104

Chart 3.6: Average score of Class 1 and Class 2 DL routes 104

Chart 3.7: Average score of DL routes Class 3 and Class 4 105

Diagram 2.1: Interaction process between endogenous and exogenous factors 58


LIST OF MAP

Map 2.1: Quang Nam Province Administration 45

Map 2.2: Natural tourism resources of Quang Nam province 50

Map 2.3: Quang Nam Province's humanistic tourism resources 60

Map 2.4: Socio-economic factors affecting the development of tourist destinations and routes

Quang Nam province 69

Map 3.1: Current status of tourism development in Quang Nam province 83

Map 3.2: Determining tourist destinations in Quang Nam province 99

Map 3.3: Determining Quang Nam Province DL route 105

INTRODUCTION


1. Urgency of the topic

Tourism (DL) is increasingly making an important contribution to the economy of countries (QG) and around the world. Investing in tourism development, exploiting tourist spots and routes to attract tourists has been effectively implemented by many countries and has made great contributions to the socio-economy (SOE). For our country, tourism and tourist spots and routes have developed rapidly and effectively, and have become a key economic sector . In the DHNTB tourism region in general and Quang Nam province in particular, developing tourism and tourist spots and routes is identified as a driving force for socio-economic development, a factor promoting international (QT) and regional (KV) cooperation, especially the "GMS Cooperation", "East-West Economic Corridor", "Two Corridors - One Belt (WEEC)".

Quang Nam has a favorable location (TL) and attractive tourism resources (TN) with two world cultural heritage sites and one world biosphere reserve, 60 festivals (LH), 100 traditional craft villages (LN) [86], hundreds of historical-cultural relics, many valuable ethnographic objects, etc. Besides, Quang Nam also has diverse island tourism resources, associated with cultural values ​​and coastal beliefs. The blending and combination of unique types of TN has created a driving force for tourism and tourist spots and routes in Quang Nam to develop and affirm its brand.

Quang Nam still faces many difficulties in socio-economic development. However, in recent years, the scale of the province's GRDP has been increasingly large (in 2015, 60,856 billion VND) and has grown quite rapidly (the average for the period 2010-2015 was 11.5%,) [15], including the contribution of the tourism industry. Many tourist destinations and routes have been identified and exploited, including some national and international tourist destinations (My Son, Hoi An ancient town, Cu Lao Cham, ...). Quang Nam is an inseparable part of the trans-Vietnam and trans-Asia tourist routes. However, besides that, tourism activities in Quang Nam are still limited in some aspects such as: the scale of operations is still small, not creating economic - socio-environmental efficiency corresponding to the potential; the number of tourist destinations is not large, mainly concentrated in districts in the Northern region and the Eastern coast (from Hoi An city to Nui Thanh district); Tourist spots and routes have not been effectively exploited; there is no recognition or decentralization of management of tourist spots and routes between levels and sectors; tourism connections between localities within and outside the province, outside the region, and with other countries are still weak and not tight. It can be said that in this period, Quang Nam tourism develops based on available advantages (world cultural heritage, sea and island resources, natural resources, ...).

What factors affect the exploitation and development of tourist spots and routes in Quang Nam province? In reality, which tourist spots and routes are the province exploiting to serve tourism needs and what is the contribution of tourism to the economy? Tourist spots and routes in the province


How is Quang Nam identified based on scientific basis and criteria? What solutions need to be put forward so that the identified tourist spots and routes can be exploited effectively? These are the issues that need to be resolved so that the tourist spots and routes in Quang Nam province can develop sustainably and effectively (in terms of socio-economics and environment). For the above reasons, the researcher decided to choose the topic "Identifying tourist spots and routes in Quang Nam province" .

2. Objectives and tasks of the topic

2.1. Objectives

On the basis of applying theory and practice on tourism, tourist spots and routes, the thesis aims to identify tourist spots and routes in Quang Nam province with scientific basis, as a basis for proposing solutions to exploit and develop tourist spots and routes effectively and sustainably in the future.

2.2. Tasks

- Selective overview of theoretical and practical basis of tourism, tourist points and routes;

- Select criteria and coefficients, scales, and scores to determine scores and tourist routes to apply to Quang Nam province;

- Evaluate factors affecting the determination of tourist destinations and routes in the research area;

- Determine tourist destinations and routes in Quang Nam province based on selected criteria, coefficients, scales, and grades;

- Develop solutions to exploit and develop tourist spots and routes in Quang Nam province by 2030.

3. Topic Limitation

- About content:

To determine the point, DL route:

+ The thesis focuses on selecting criteria, coefficients, scales, and grades (according to the level of TL and HD), factors affecting the determination of points and DL routes from a Geography perspective.

+ Based on established criteria, coefficients, scales, and scores, influencing factors, and based on survey results and evaluation of the current development status of tourist spots and routes, the thesis selects a number of representative tourist spots and routes in Quang Nam province (in terms of resource types, spots, routes, current development status, distribution, scale, etc.) to determine and classify (according to the level of attractiveness and convenience).

+ From the results of the identification and based on the current development status, develop solutions to exploit and develop tourist spots and routes in Quang Nam province by 2030.

- About time: research from 2005-2015 and orientation to 2030.


- About space:

The thesis studies the entire territory of Quang Nam province, going deep into the district, city and town levels. In addition, the thesis also focuses on studying the provinces and cities in the Central Highlands and Central Highlands tourism regions to be able to link tourism spots and routes in the process of exploitation and development.

4. Research perspective and methods

4.1. Research perspectives

4.1.1. System perspective.

When determining tourist destinations and routes in Quang Nam, use a systemic perspective to consider tourist destinations and routes in Quang Nam within a larger territorial system such as the socio-economic and tourism territory of the whole country, the Central Highlands tourist region and Quang Nam province. On the other hand, the TCLT of tourist destinations and routes is structured by subsystems that are closely related to each other. Therefore, researchers and managers have impacts on the entire system and each subsystem according to the rules, making the system operate in a positive and effective direction.

4.1.2. General - territorial perspective.

Tourism is an industry that has a close relationship with other economic sectors in the territory. In Quang Nam, points and routes are considered as open forms of TCLT, with many influencing factors (tourism resources, formation of LS, infrastructure, infrastructure, tourism development policies, etc.) and these factors have different impacts on tourism points and routes and according to geographical space. The territorial synthesis perspective helps to identify comprehensive tourism points and routes and select criteria with a scientific basis.

4.1.3. Historical perspective - perspective.

Tourism activities are a process that is always moving. Applying this viewpoint in researching and determining tourism points and routes in Quang Nam province to analyze and comprehensively evaluate the existence and inheritance of previous stages, at the same time, is the basis for future orientation.

4.1.4. Market perspective.

In the conditions of a market economy, applying this viewpoint to tourism development is really necessary. To develop tourism, effectively exploit tourism points and routes, create domestic and foreign currency revenue for the country and localities, create jobs and income for residents in areas with tourism potential (but still difficult), the tourist market is of great importance.

Quang Nam belongs to the Central Highlands tourism region, and is closely linked to the Central Highlands tourism region. Because it is part of the tourism project "Extended Mekong Sub-region Cooperation (GMS)", "East-West Corridor (WEC) 3 countries - one destination", Indochina heritage tourism route, ... is


important gateway for international tourists to Vietnam and also a place that domestic tourists often choose to visit world cultural heritages and islands.

Applying the market perspective to the thesis to determine tourist destinations and routes that are capable of attracting and serving well the tourism needs of domestic and international markets.

4.1.5. Sustainable development perspective.

Developing tourism is an inevitable trend, both a goal and a destination. When researching tourist spots and routes in Quang Nam, applying the perspective of tourism development to select criteria, identify tourist spots and routes, and from there, propose solutions to help Quang Nam tourist spots and routes develop effectively (in terms of economy, society and environment).

4.2. Research methods

In the study of determining tourist destinations and routes in Quang Nam, two research approaches were used simultaneously, quantitative and qualitative, in which the quantitative method will provide standardized numerical data and the research is conducted through charts and statistics. Meanwhile, qualitative research is associated with the collection of qualitative data (but also related to the collection of quantitative data). Qualitative data is based on meaning and is expressed in the form of words or text [127].

4.2.1. Method of collecting and processing documents.

Collecting documents serving the topic is extremely necessary to solve the goals and tasks set out by the thesis. Documents include two groups:

- Secondary documents: Annual and thematic reports of the Department of Culture, Sports and Tourism of the provinces in the Central Highlands and Thua Thien Hue province, statistical reports of districts and tourist spots; documents of the General Statistics Office; research newspapers and magazines; related research topics in Quang Nam province; Tourism Law, master plans, resolutions, political reports of the provincial Party Committee and People's Council;

- Primary documents: Notes, observations, and photos of current status at tourist destinations and routes; interviews and surveys of tourists, managers, lecturers, owners of tourism businesses, and people working in tourism. From these documents, analysis, classification, and synthesis were conducted to use for different contents in the thesis (theoretical and practical basis, influencing factors, determining tourist destinations and routes, etc.).

4.2.2. Methods of analysis, comparison and synthesis

When researching tourist destinations and routes in Quang Nam, it is necessary and reasonable to use various statistical data for analysis, synthesis and evaluation to clarify and compare indicators on scale, value and development speed of the research object, as well as compare with similar objects in other areas.

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