Experience in Developing Domestic Street Food

In Bangkok - Thailand. This can be said to be a paradise of street food. Street food here is developed in both quality and quantity. Many tourists come and fall in love with the city because of the attractive, fresh, cheap, and unique dishes that can be found on any street. All carts, stalls, and food stalls on the street must have a business license and are operated by the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration. These stalls are not allowed to operate every other Monday because this is street cleaning day. All raw materials are always closely monitored, stalls are arranged and planned, and the culinary space is clean. Famous street food areas: Yaowarat area, Ratchawat market, Charoen Krung road, Petchaburi Soi 5, Sukhumvit 38 ...

Penang – Malaysia: The colorful stalls, diverse in types, clearly reflect the blend of Malaysian culture, between Malay and Indian cuisine. Cheap and delicious food is available everywhere. Famous street food areas: Lorong Baru, Persiaran Gurney, Lebuh Presgrave, Jalan Batu Ferringhi.

Taipei, Taiwan, is not only a technology city, but also famous in Asia for its street food culture. Coming to each night market in Taipei, visitors will be excited when surrounded by the fragrant aroma of soybeans, rice wine, sesame oil, grilled meat and the bustling invitations of the stall owners. Famous street food areas: Shilin night market, Raohe night market, Tonghua, Huaxi street...

Sydney-Australia, Street food here is probably the safest in the world with street stalls and food trucks being extremely clean and following strict food safety guidelines, regular hygiene checks by the city. Unlike Singapore's hawker centres, Sydney's food trucks are scattered all over the city and are constantly on the move. The best way to know exactly where the shops are is to download the Sydney Food Truck app. Popular food spots include the Night Noodle Markets on Hyde Park Road, Cabramatta or Marrickville, in Sydney's Western suburbs.

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Berlin, Germany, is where kebabs became famous. The European city is famous for street food such as currywurst, salads

Potatoes, sauerkraut, donuts, meatballs. Famous street food areas: Wochenmarkt, Neue Heimat market, Bite Club market, Platoon Kunsthalle market…

London – England, the capital of the foggy country is also a place that can satisfy street food lovers with many delicious, attractive, irresistible dishes. Dishes that tourists should not miss when coming to London are hamburgers, tuna tacos, hot dogs, waffles, smokestaks... Famous street food areas: Wapping market, Parliament Hill Farmers, London Bridge Farmers, Twickenham Farmers...

Istanbul – Turkey, street food here is very diverse with many dishes for you to choose from such as sandwiches, hot dogs, and cold beer. This can be considered a gold mine city of many types of cuisine from round bread (simit) to Turkish pizza (lahmacun). Although the food here is very clean, however, to ensure the best hygiene, you should eat cooked meat and seafood. Street food shops can be found in most areas of Istanbul. Visit the Istanbul Eats Blog to provide updated locations and comments on the city's best street food. The city's signature dishes are Lahmacun (Turkish style pizza covered in minced meat, onions and spices), mısır (grilled corn); kokorec (skewered lamb intestines grilled over coals).

1.5.2. Experience in developing domestic street food

In the country, many localities have famous food streets that tourists always have to visit. For example, Hanoi has famous street food streets associated with street names such as Hoan Kiem Lake Salad Street, Cau Go Seafood Street, To Tich Mixed Fruit Street, Ta Hien Draft Beer Street, Gam Cau Grilled Intestines Street, Phung Hung Hot Pot Street, Ly Van Phuc Grilled Chicken Feet Street, Hoe Nhai Steak Street, West Lake Snail Street...

In Sapa (Lao Cai), tourists are fascinated by the "grilled food streets" such as: Cau May, Nha Tho Da, with rustic dishes: grilled eggs, grilled potatoes, grilled cassava (noodles), grilled corn, grilled sugar cane, grilled duck eggs, grilled sticky rice cake, grilled intestines, grilled stomach, grilled tofu...

Hoi An Ancient Town (Quang Nam) also has tourist culinary areas with famous dishes from three regions and especially specialties of three localities: Da Nang, Quang Nam, Quang Ngai such as: chicken rice, cao lau, banh bao, banh vac, banh dap, stir-fried mussels, Quang noodles, corn sweet soup, banh beo, wonton...

In Da Nang, there is Huynh Thuc Khang food court, Con market food court... with dishes: Quang noodles, vermicelli with fish cakes, mackerel/tuna vermicelli, vermicelli with fish sauce and pork, beef vermicelli, chicken sticky rice, duck porridge, rice paper rolls with pork, rice paper rolls, grilled pork vermicelli, pancakes/grilled spring rolls, rice noodles, water fern cakes, tapioca cakes, banh nam, banh duc, sandwiches, seafood hotpot, lobster, steamed and grilled squid dishes, steamed and grilled sea fish dishes, steamed and grilled sea snail dishes, steamed and grilled shrimp dishes, steamed/salted/tamarind-fried crab, grilled abalone with onions, grilled lucky onions, grilled clams/mussels, fish salad (extract/rice/flying fish), flying fish egg salad, jellyfish salad, banana bud salad, Xuan Thieu perch, mixed jackfruit, young jackfruit mixed with jellyfish, stir-fried/steamed apple snails, sucking snails, roasted veal, beef wrapped in betel leaves, desserts, sweet porridge, sticky rice with sugar, vegetable jelly sentence…

Nha Trang has Hoang Van Thu street area near Dam market with many sidewalk eateries serving a variety of street foods such as grilled spring rolls, grilled beef , fish noodle soup, banh can, grilled pork rice cake, wet rice cake, along with seafood dishes at Hai san lang cai....

Quy Nhon - Binh Dinh, FLC Quynhon Beach & Golf Resort has built a culinary area based on the street concept that makes visitors feel like they are walking in a rustic, simple country market. The charm of thatched houses and shoulder poles stands out even more in the bustling coastal city space. Visitors are free to explore and choose, witnessing street food prepared on the spot by talented chefs with famous dishes associated with the Binh Dinh region such as Jumping Shrimp Pancakes, Grilled Spring Rolls, or famous Central specialties such as Quang Noodles, Mussels with Rice Paper, Cao Lau Char Siu... along with delicious and attractive seafood and skewers.

Chapter 1 Summary

With the aim of clarifying the theoretical basis system in developing street food in tourism development, this chapter has presented the following contents:

Firstly, it has presented concepts related to street food, along with clarifying the characteristics of street food and the role of street food in tourism development, the role of street food in tourism development.

The second is to provide general and specific conditions that a country or locality needs to have to exploit street food in tourism development.

Third is an overview of street food business activities in some countries in the world as well as some provinces in Vietnam. This can also be considered a lesson in orienting and implementing solutions to exploit street food in the development of tourism in the City.

Chapter 2: CURRENT STATUS OF EXPLOITING STREET FOOD IN HO CHI MINH CITY TO ATTRACT INTERNATIONAL TOURISTS

2.1. Overview of Ho Chi Minh City

2.1.1. Geographical location

Ho Chi Minh City (formerly known as Saigon) is the largest city in Vietnam, and is also one of the most important economic, cultural and educational centers of the country. Ho Chi Minh City is a centrally governed city classified as a special urban area of Vietnam with a natural area of 2,096 km², located in the lower delta of the Dong Nai - Saigon River, in the transitional area from the South Central Coast to the Mekong Delta. The territory of Ho Chi Minh City has coordinates of 10°10' - 10°38' North and 106°22' - 106°54', bordering Binh Duong province to the North, Tay Ninh province to the Northwest, Dong Nai province to the East and Northeast, Ba Ria - Vung Tau province to the Southeast, Long An and Tien Giang provinces to the West and Southwest. The city's climate is divided into two distinct seasons, the rainy season from May to November, with an average annual rainfall of 1,979 mm, and the dry season from December to April of the following year. The average annual temperature is 27.55ºC, with no winter, which has created favorable conditions for the city's tourism activities to take place throughout the year.

2.1.2. Traffic system

Ho Chi Minh City is the gateway to the East, Southwest, South Central regions and other regions of Vietnam. In addition, Ho Chi Minh City is also located near major tourist centers of Southeast Asia (Malaysia, Thailand, Singapore, ...) with the ability to connect tours with neighbors to form attractive tourism programs. From key markets (Japan, Taiwan) ... to Ho Chi Minh City by air is convenient and takes little time.

Ho Chi Minh City also has a seaport to receive large cruise ships, a river system connecting the Mekong Delta provinces and all the way to Cambodia, a railway leading to the Central and Northern provinces and China, and an inner-city and inter-provincial road network that is increasingly being expanded and upgraded.

Domestically, traffic connections from Ho Chi Minh City to the provinces and vice versa are extremely convenient. Tan Son Nhat International Airport is only 7km from the city center, which is

The largest airport in the country with dozens of domestic and international routes. There are domestic routes from Ho Chi Minh City to Buon Ma Thuot, Da Lat, Da Nang, Ho Chi Minh City, Hai Phong, Hue, Nha Trang, Phu Quoc, Pleiku, Quy Nhon, Rach Gia, Vinh. Ho Chi Minh City has National Highway 1A, Thong Nhat Railway and National Highway 13 across Indochina. The distance from Ho Chi Minh City to tourist destinations in the provinces is also relatively close, such as Tay Ninh 99km, Bien Hoa (Dong Nai) 30km, My Tho 70km, Vung Tau 110km, Can Tho 168km, Da Lat 308km, Nha Trang 450km, Buon Ma Thuot 375km... This is a very favorable condition for the development of domestic and foreign tourism activities.

2.1.3. Socio-economic characteristics

As the largest economic, cultural and political center of the country. In recent years, Ho Chi Minh City has had a fairly high economic growth rate of about 7.7% per year on average, contributing to the state budget an estimated 245.9 trillion VND (2014). Per capita income has increased steadily over the years, in 2014 the city's per capita income was 5,100 USD/person, an increase of 13.5% compared to 2013.

The population is about 8,146.3 thousand people (2015), mainly ethnic groups: Kinh, Hoa, Khmer, Cham from all regions of the country, along with a number of foreigners coming to settle, trade and do business. Each ethnic group has different culinary cultures, which has created a colorful picture of the city's culinary culture.

Administrative units include 19 districts and 5 rural districts (2017): District 1, District 2, District 3, District 4, District 5, District 6, District 7, District 8, District 9, District 10, District 11, District 12, Tan Binh District, Binh Thanh District, Phu Nhuan District, Thu Duc District, Go Vap District, Binh Tan District, Tan Phu District, Nha Be District, Can Gio District, Hoc Mon District, Cu Chi District, Binh Chanh District.

2.1.4 . City culinary culture

Through hundreds of years of historical ups and downs, it can be said that the culinary culture of the whole world has converged in Ho Chi Minh City, creating a diverse and colorful culinary culture. Here, people not only find the colors of traditional cuisine of the three regions of North - Central - South, but also can find other culinary cultures in the world such as France, America, Japan, Korea,

China, Thailand….

Ho Chi Minh City cuisine is first and foremost the crystallization of delicious, unique dishes of the Southern region. These are dishes with the rustic flavor of the river region but full of appeal such as grasshoppers, fried cicadas, grilled snakehead fish, braised perch in clay pot, braised coconut goby fish with pepper, sour snakehead fish soup, grilled chicken with salt and chili, steamed eel with gourd, stir-fried frog, grilled shrimp from Bac Lieu, roasted field mice, grilled snakehead fish, raw fish sauce, braised fish sauce, Phu Quoc Melaleuca mushroom, My Tho noodles...

Many unique dishes from the northern provinces have also become part of Saigon cuisine such as pho, fish cakes, vermicelli, glass noodles, Hanoi spring rolls; Tay Ho rice rolls; Ho Tay shrimp cakes; Northern rice. Central dishes are also very familiar here such as Hue beef noodles, Hue spring rolls, Quang noodles, Hoi An cao lau, etc.

In the process of social development, through many ups and downs of history, many great culinary cultures in the world have also appeared here. Foreign tourists can find their favorite dishes in most hotels and restaurants in the city such as Peking duck, goat curry, French bacon, German sausage, American hamburgers, Russian barbecue, Japanese sushi and indulge in the taste of Czech barbecue with all kinds of the most famous beers. Food services specializing in foreign dishes are increasingly developing in quantity, scale and richness. We have Cambodian markets, Chinatowns, and Japanese food courts "Little Japan".

In the beverage industry, Ho Chi Minh City must be called the "capital" of beverages. For coffee, there are sidewalk coffees, roasted and ground coffees, and take-away coffees. Drinks made from ingredients from the countryside such as pennywort juice, ginseng juice, smoothies of all kinds, and fruit juices. Plant-based milks include soy milk, green bean milk, peanut milk, corn milk, and sesame milk. Sorrel juice and grapefruit tea are specialties of Hanoi. Hue teas such as banana tea, floating rice tea, millet tea, taro tea, broad bean tea, tapioca flour tea, mung bean tea, red bean tea, mixed tea, taro tea, etc. are now also available in the city.

Analyzing this special privilege, Nguyen Nha (2009): “For a long time, Ho Chi Minh City has been a place where birds flock to live and do business, many people from other localities come to live and do business. In the city, many raw materials for preparing dishes from the plains to the highlands or products from the sea, rivers, and lakes are available and easy to find. Therefore, the richness, diversity, and attractiveness of the dishes here are also obvious.”

In fact, many tourists come to Ho Chi Minh City just because they want to explore the unique cuisine here. It is even thanks to the cuisine that many international tourists know about Ho Chi Minh City. In a direct survey, Ms. Linda (a tourist from the US) said: "This is my third time to Ho Chi Minh City. I have traveled to many places and at each destination I have enjoyed the cuisine there, but I find Ho Chi Minh City's street food to be the most delicious, cheap and palatable. I really like the dishes here such as Hue beef noodle soup, broken rice, Southern Vietnamese pancakes... because the flavor is very rich, many types of vegetables served with it have a very strange taste. The street food here is wonderful. And what I enjoy most is that when walking on the streets, it is easy to see the image of street vendors, this image is very poetic and ancient".

The world culinary magazine Food and Wine (2013) voted Ho Chi Minh City as one of the cities with the best street food in the world, in which spring rolls and banh mi were voted by many magazines as one of the 12 best dishes in the world.

CNN (2016), Travel section rated Ho Chi Minh City as the "capital of Vietnamese cuisine"; at the same time, the city is in the top 23 cities with the most attractive street food in the world.

Mr. Paul Le, General Secretary of the French Escoffier Culinary Association (2016) shared: In Ho Chi Minh City, you can choose from many forms of culinary enjoyment on the streets and in luxury restaurants with a variety of culinary styles prepared by traditional chefs or internationally certified chefs.

In a Marketing seminar in Ho Chi Minh City, Philp Kotler (2013) suggested: “ Vietnam should become the kitchen of the world ”. This is probably due to the fact that Vietnamese dishes are loved by many foreigners. Vietnamese dishes are less oily and fatty than Chinese dishes, less spicy than Thai and Korean dishes, less meaty than European dishes and are light and easy to digest after eating. In the preparation as well as in the decoration and combination of spices for dishes, the principle of Yin-Yang harmony for diners is applied.

Thus, it can be seen that Ho Chi Minh City street food is very diverse and rich, creating a strong attraction for international tourists, especially highly appreciated by culinary experts, economists and prestigious organizations in the world.

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