Conditions for Having a Market of Domestic and International Tourists to Visit, Travel, and Research Will Attract Many Visitors.

season. The pickled meat is put into a jar, then tied tightly until the meat is ripe enough to be opened and eaten. However, nowadays, for convenience and ease of processing and transportation, people replace the jars, jars with plastic boxes. Pickled meat can be fried, cooked according to each person's preference. However, what many people like about this unique dish is that the meat can be stored for a long time without losing its color, and the flavor is very delicious and attractive.

These dishes will be impressive, unique but no less attractive dishes in the menus of restaurants, hotels, motels, and inns in Bang Ca. Visitors can feel the taste of the mountains and forests through enjoying the ethnic dishes of the Dao Thanh Y people, Bang Ca commune.

- Village festival of the Dao Thanh Y people in Bang Ca commune:

During the lunar year, the Dao people here hold village festivals on the following days: February 1st, April 1st, July 1st, October 1st and December 20th. However, only the February 1st and December 20th Village Festivals are the two most important festivals of the year for the people here.

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The February 1st Village Festival is an important milestone, meaning the beginning of a new year. Therefore, everyone in the village, especially the heads of households, are present in full force, the village offerings are carefully prepared, and the festival process must be carried out smoothly so that the whole year the villagers will be safe and sound, business will be favorable, the harvest will be bountiful, and every family will be well-fed.

The village festival on December 20 has the meaning of summarizing a year of hard work, is the time when villagers, clans, and families discuss the work to be done next year; is an occasion for everyone to completely resolve disputes and conflicts related to others in the village, within the clan to welcome the new year with dreams and hopes; pray for good things to come to themselves and their clan.

In addition to the two festivals above, each festival here has its own meaning, marking the transition of seasons and the beginning of a new crop:

Village festival April 1st, the weather is entering summer, work is being done to prepare for the summer-autumn crop.

Village festival On the first day of July, the weather turns to autumn, work is done to prepare for clearing the fields and farming.

Village Festival On the first day of October, the weather is entering winter, preparing to protect the forest from the dry weather and worrying about tilling the land to grow crops...

The Thanh Y Dao village festival in Bang Ca commune has existed for a long time. Over time, through many generations, no one knows when the village festival started. Perhaps the village festival was formed when the Thanh Y Dao people lived in Bang Ca.

In the past, the Dao Thanh Y people often lived in remote, mountainous areas with difficult travel conditions, many wild animals, harsh climate and nature, the main farming method was slash-and-burn farming, and the distance between households was far apart, so their lives and activities encountered many difficulties. The formation of the ancient village festival was a condition for the people to unite, overcome natural disasters, fight wild animals, help each other in production to survive and to maintain and develop the ethnic group...

Today's village festival still carries an important part of the ancient meaning and also has a contemporary cultural feature: it is a place to organize and build a cultural lifestyle in the village; it is a place to preserve and promote the traditional cultural values of the Dao Thanh Y ethnic group; it is a place to propagate and popularize the policies and laws of the Party and State, and the conventions and village regulations.

The village festival usually consists of two parts: the Ceremony and the Festival, which are held from 7 to 8 a.m. Villagers contribute their products to the house of the Chief of the Clan (who can be the Chief of the Village or the Shaman). The Ceremony is held from 10 a.m. by the Chief of the Clan and the Sub-Clan (both of whom have been granted the title of Shaman according to the customs of the Dao Thanh Y people). The meaning of the Ceremony is to pray to heaven and earth, the local gods, the mountain gods, the village guardian spirits and the Dao Thanh Y clans in Bang Ca commune to witness the sincerity of the descendants who wholeheartedly worship heaven and earth, the gods and the ancestors of the clans; pray for those who go to the forest, plant forests, farm, and increase production to be safe and develop; pray for the villagers to be healthy, for heaven and earth to create favorable weather so that the villagers can produce a lot of wealth. The participants in the Ceremony are the heads of households (males) who have been granted the title, that is, they are adults.

After the Ceremony is the Festival, people in Bang Ca village: old, young, girls, boys, all can participate. Previously, at the Village Festival, traditional folk games were performed naturally, without any need for a script. People attending the Festival can play throwing con, shooting crossbows, pushing sticks, spinning tops, “sang co” (a form of antiphonal singing between boys from this village and girls from that village, from this family to that family), and participate in folk games.

Nowadays, the "sáng cố" genre has faded away and traditional folk games are brought into the Association in an organized manner.

However, currently, with the project of investing in developing community tourism in Bang Ca,

"Sáng cổ" is being gradually restored by artisans and passed on to the younger generation, the next generation, serving local tourism.

Bang Ca people consider the Village Festival as a form of community cultural activity, a place to resolve internal conflicts, bringing unity and consensus among families, clans and villages in daily life. Although there are many changes in the socio-economic aspects, the Village Festival of the Thanh Y Dao people in Bang Ca commune is still held on a voluntary basis, the households here still participate fully and strictly follow the customary laws, because the Village Festival has long been ingrained in the consciousness of each person.

Coming to Bang Ca, especially on the village festival day, visitors can witness the unique cultural and religious features of the Dao Thanh Y people through the rituals and festivals of the people. This is a traditional cultural feature that is still intact and only exists in the Dao Thanh Y people, Bang Ca commune, Hoanh Bo district. Visitors can participate in the festival with the Dao Thanh Y people through folk games: throwing con, pounding rice, shooting crossbows, throwing spinning tops... which will leave unforgettable experiences for visitors when coming to Bang Ca.

Figure 2.1: Rice pounding competition in Bang Ca village festival.

- The coming of age ceremony: [41]

The coming of age ceremony is divided into two different types. The first type is the coming of age ceremony to raise the rank/light the lamp for the shaman/witch. The second type is the coming of age ceremony for the son.

men in the community. Because being a man is a must to have the coming-of-age ceremony. The Thanh Y believe that after a person dies, if he is not given the coming-of-age ceremony, his sacred soul will not be able to serve the Ban Vuong (the Ban Vuong is considered by the Thanh Y as their ancestor). Especially for the living, if a man wants to be considered an adult by the villagers, he must go through the coming-of-age ceremony. An adult who wants to become a shaman or a sorcerer must go through the coming-of-age ceremony. Even if he has not been brought up to age, whether he is old or young, the eldest or the second son, he cannot worship his ancestors. If he does not go through the coming-of-age ceremony, even if he is old, the villagers will still consider him a child and will not bury him according to the ritual. The coming-of-age ceremony is the elevation of each man, it is the moment that marks his maturity. During the ceremony, people also pray for good luck for the person who has been brought up to age throughout his life.

The coming-of-age ceremony is an occasion for the villagers to gather, relatives near and far have the opportunity to invite each other to meet and express their feelings to each other. Relatives who work or study far away also try to return to reunite with their families. The Thanh Y people believe that the coming-of-age ceremony is the most important day in the life of every man and a happy day for the whole community. Therefore, months before the ceremony, the family of the person receiving the coming-of-age ceremony calls, writes letters or has to travel across streams and forests to invite relatives and relatives on both sides to attend.

At the end of the ceremony, when all the worshiping procedures are complete, the ceremony ends with a very joyful procedure that contains a very innocent spiritual element of the Thanh Y people, which some people call the blanket wrapping custom. That is the procedure of carrying the person who has been ordained to squat on a table placed carelessly and precariously in the middle of the yard (in front of the ceremony area). After about ten or fifteen minutes, the shaman or sorcerer pushes the person who has been ordained onto a cotton blanket and then wraps it up tightly. The Thanh Y people believe that when lying in a tightly wrapped blanket, harmony between yin and yang, between heaven and earth, between heaven - earth - human, between ancestors and descendants can be created. This is also the time when Ban Vuong comes back to recognize and accept to help the person who has been ordained with all good things. After about three or five minutes, the shaman steps forward to open the blanket and from now on, the person who has been ordained is officially free, considered an adult in the community and respected by the villagers as an adult in the village.

The current cap sac custom is still a unique custom of the Dao Thanh Y ethnic group. It has not been exploited for tourism purposes. However, it carries within it extremely unique and novel cultural features and arouses the curiosity of tourists when they come here.

visit Bang Ca. Therefore, the ordination ceremony can be used to exploit the development of local community tourism as a unique, novel and attractive tourism product. Turn the ordination ceremony into a performance custom to serve local tourists. Participating tourists can watch or "play the role" of the person receiving the ordination ceremony in the Dao Thanh Y ethnic costume (male tourists), experience the moments in the ceremony in which they are the main character; at the same time, tourists can save their souvenir photos in this ritual...

Figure 2.2: The coming of age ceremony of the Dao Thanh Y people in Bang Ca

- Musical instruments and folk games: [41]

The Dao ethnic musical instruments are mainly used in religious and belief ceremonies, including drums, cymbals, bells and horns. In addition, the Dao also have other musical instruments such as two-stringed fiddles, flutes, and jew's harps.

Dao people's games are very diverse, including many different genres; there are ritual games such as spirit possession, fortune telling, dancing...; there are games played while drinking such as finger pointing, singing and responding...; there are games played during Tet and other free time such as swinging, spinning top, throwing con...

Tourists, especially international tourists and young tourists, will be very excited to participate in these traditional games when coming to Bang Ca. Or tourists can immerse themselves in the sounds of unique musical instruments performed by the Dao Thanh Y people; or can choose to buy a musical instrument whose sound makes you excited as a souvenir.

2.2.2. Conditions on community factors.

Bang Ca commune has a population of 1,828 people (of which 955 are men and 873 are women). The commune has 5 ethnic groups living together, the Dao Thanh Y ethnic group accounts for 97%, the rest are Kinh, Hoa, Tay, San Diu ethnic groups. Number of households: 355 households (Chin Gian village: 157 households; Dong San village: 137 households, Khe Lieu village: 41 households) [40,32].

Currently, there are 12 households in Chin Gian Village and 6 households in Dong San Village registered to do homestay business. These households are all Dao Thanh Y ethnic group. They all live in traditional houses of their ethnic group (stilt houses). The stilt houses of Dao Thanh Y people in Bang Ca are made from wood, very sturdy, clean and beautiful, not inferior to the stilt houses of Thai people. Households registered to do homestay business have been able to borrow capital to renovate their houses to ensure a clean and airy space to welcome tourists to stay. Special attention is also paid to the toilet area. Toilets and bathrooms must be clean and dry, meeting the standards of a motel or higher.

All of these households are mainly farmers, their main occupation is agriculture, the workers in the tourism industry in Bang Ca are all manual laborers. The service style is simple, rustic, and rural. In addition, people are aware that they own a large source of income from natural resources and human resources, so they are aware of protecting natural resources, human resources, and the environment.

2.2.3. Conditions for having domestic and international tourist markets to visit, travel, and research will attract many visitors.

Currently, small tours to Bang Ca are conducted through travel companies in Quang Ninh province such as Saigon Tourist... However, visitors to Bang Ca only visit for a short time (usually during the day). According to statistics, only 32% of visitors come to Bang Ca for tourism purposes; 56% of visitors come to Bang Ca for work purposes combined with tourism. Of which, visitors know about Bang Ca through different channels (from friends: 25%, from travel programs of travel companies: 52%, from the media: 10%, from other sources of information: 13%).

The number of tourists coming to Bang Ca is quite small, so there is no complete statistics on the number of visitors from the management agencies such as communes and districts. Tourists hardly know about Bang Ca due to the lack of promotion through information channels. In addition, the project to build a cultural conservation area for the Dao Thanh Y ethnic group has just been implemented, but has not yet been

really put into tourism business...Bang Ca is still a new destination for domestic and foreign tourists.

Meanwhile, in terms of geographical location and traffic, Bang Ca is adjacent to the cities: Ha Long, Uong Bi and Quang Yen town, which annually welcome a large number of tourists including domestic and international visitors. These will be potential customers of Bang Ca in the future.

2.2.4. Reasonable policy and mechanism conditions create a favorable environment for tourism development and community participation. [27,137]

Bang Ca has rich and unique tourism resources, but the natural conditions and socio-economic life of the people are still difficult. The Resolution of the 11th Quang Ninh Provincial Party Congress determined as follows:

“Focus all resources on investing in socio-economic infrastructure development, maximizing the potentials and unique values of Quang Ninh province; investing in the development of the service and tourism industry of the province in conjunction with building Quang Ninh into an international, regional and national tourism center. Increase investment in technical infrastructure for tourism, link tourism development with culture; encourage economic sectors inside and outside the province to invest in developing tourism types, prioritizing investment projects in developing sea tourism, cultural tourism, eco-tourism, forms of entertainment, recreation, relaxation and medical services. Plan the tourism development strategy to 2020 with a vision to 2030, build projects, tours, routes and tourist destinations, diversify and improve the quality of tourism products. Strengthen tourism information and promotion work...” [27,137]

Bang Ca is a commune with rich natural and human resources that attract visitors, especially the scenic Hon Tron, Vong Gac Hill, Khe Chinh Dam Lake, Dao Thanh Y Ethnic Cultural Conservation Area, and the customs and practices of the Dao Thanh Y ethnic group... Tourism development in Bang Ca focuses on areas such as: developing cultural tourism, festivals combined with eco-tourism with many unique tourism products such as mountain climbing expedition programs, boating in the lake, sightseeing programs to learn about customs and beliefs, eco-tourism programs and weekend tourism...

Bang Ca commune is a particularly difficult commune of Hoanh Bo district, with rugged terrain and difficult transportation. People here mainly live on farming, so

extremely difficult economic conditions. However, Bang Ca is endowed by nature with an extremely rich source of natural and human resources, which is a favorable condition for developing local tourism. Therefore, in the economic development strategy of Hoanh Bo district, the important position of Bang Ca commune for the district's economy, politics and society has been identified as follows: "Must take advantage of all investment capital sources to build infrastructure at Bang Ca tourist destination associated with eco-tourism, weekend tourism in Bang Ca; build Bang Ca community eco-tourism area, build unique products to attract tourists. Strive to make tourism become the spearhead economic sector of the district by 2015".

Therefore, the Department of Culture - Sports and Tourism coordinated with the Department of Culture and Information of Hoanh Bo district to organize training for more than 70 people of Bang Ca commune on the work of preserving and promoting the traditional folk cultural values of the Dao Thanh Y ethnic group to develop tourism.

Here, people were informed about the following contents: rights, responsibilities and contributions of the people of Bang Ca commune to preserving and promoting national cultural values; cultural behavior in developing community tourism; protecting the ecological environment in developing community tourism... At the same time, there was a discussion and exchange with officials of the Department of Culture - Sports and Tourism about experiences in developing community tourism in localities outside the province, applying in Bang Ca commune, exploiting and promoting national cultural values to serve the development of community tourism.

In 2010, the locality opened 3 classes to learn Nom Dao script, singing and traditional costume embroidery of the Thanh Y Dao people in Bang Ca commune with over 100 students participating.

In 2013, the District Department of Culture and Information will continue to organize for representatives of more than 20 households to visit the actual practice of community tourism in a Dao village of Sa Pa district - Lao Cai province.

This is a practical activity contributing to the exploitation and use of the Project to preserve the Dao Thanh Y cultural village in Chin Gian village, Bang Ca commune, Hoanh Bo district; gradually preserving and promoting the cultural values of the Dao Thanh Y ethnic group in Bang Ca commune to serve the development of community tourism...

Besides, to preserve and transmit the ancient cultural heritage of the Dao Thanh Y ethnic group, the role of artisans is very important. In 2012, the Association of Folk Arts

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