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Evaluation and proposal of strategy for exploiting the potential of ecotourism resources in Phong Nha-Ke Bang National Park, Quang Binh province - 1


MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT

FORESTRY UNIVERSITY

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DINH HUY TRI

Evaluation and proposal of strategy for exploiting the potential of ecotourism resources in Phong Nha-Ke Bang National Park, Quang Binh province - 1


ASSESSMENT AND PROPOSAL OF STRATEGY TO EXPLOIT THE POTENTIAL OF ECO-TOURISM RESOURCES IN PHONG NHA - KE BANG NATIONAL PARK, QUANG BINH PROVINCE


Major: FORESTRY Code: 60.62.60


MASTER'S THESIS IN FORESTRY SCIENCE


Scientific supervisor: Dr. Dang Van Ha


HANOI, 2011


ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

To conclude the course and complete this thesis, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to all the teachers of the Forestry University, lecturers from Hue University of Agriculture and Forestry,... who have imparted knowledge in all relevant fields throughout this course. To complete this thesis, I have received the help of the teachers of the Forestry Department, the Graduate School, especially I express my deep gratitude to the teacher Dr. Dang Van Ha, Department of Urban Forestry, Forestry University, who has guided me scientifically and helped me throughout the process until the completion of the thesis.

I also express my sincere gratitude to the leaders of Quang Binh province, the Management Board of Phong Nha - Ke Bang National Park and my colleagues working at the Center for Scientific Research and Rescue, and the students in class K17 LH Quang Tri, who have created favorable conditions and helped me from studying to completing this graduation thesis.

I also express my sincere thanks to the provincial departments, the heads of the FFI, GIZ, Cologne, ... organizations and the local authorities as well as the buffer zone communities living in the buffer zone who helped me obtain useful information and data for this research.

I certify that all figures used in this report are my own and true to reality, and that the citations in the report are accurate and have clear sources. I am responsible for all figures in this thesis./.

Hanoi September 26, 2011



SIDE COVER

INDEX

THANK YOU i

TABLE OF CONTENTS ii

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS v

LIST OF TABLES

LIST OF FIGURES, GRAPHS, MAPS viii

PROBLEM STATEMENT 1

CHAPTER 1: OVERVIEW OF THE RESEARCH PROBLEM 3

1.1. Overseas studies 3

1.1.1. Studies on ecotourism 3

1.1.2. Research on DLST resources 9

1.2. Domestic studies 10

1.2.1 Some concepts. 10

1.2.2. Studies on ecotourism 11

1.2.3. Ecotourism Resources 15

CHAPTER 2: OBJECTIVES, CONTENT, OBJECTS AND 17

RESEARCH METHODS 17

2.1. Research objectives 17

2.1.1.General Objective 17

2.1.2. Specific objectives 17

2.2. Research content 17

2.3. Research objects and scope 17

2.3.1. Subject 17

2.3.2. Scope of research 18

2.4. Research methods 18

2.4.1. Perspectives on tourism resource evaluation 18

2.4.2. Research methods 19

2.4.2.1 Preparing for data collection 19

2.4.2.2. Collecting indirect data related to research content 19

2.4.2.3 Field survey (External) 19

2.4.2.4 Internal affairs 20

CHAPTER 3: BASIC NATURAL AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS OF PN-KB 27 NATIONAL PARK AREA

3.1. Natural conditions 27

3.1.1. Geographical location 27

3.1.2. Area 27

3.1.3 Terrain 27

3.1.4. Geology 28

3.1.5. Soil 28

3.1.6. Forest resources 29

3.2. Socio-economic conditions 29

3.2.1. Population of buffer zone communes 29

3.2.2. Ethnic Composition 30

3.2.3. Infrastructure 30

CHAPTER 4: RESEARCH RESULTS 31

4.1. Assessment of current status of ecotourism resources at PN-KB 31 National Park

4.1.1. Natural tourism resources 31

4.1.1.1 Climate - Hydrology 31

4.1.1.2 Geomorphological landscape resources (Karst) 34

4.1.1.3 Geology 36

4.1.2 Biological resources - a typical form of TNDLST 38

4.1.3 Humanistic tourism resources 45

4.2 Evaluation of potential tourist attractions 47

4.3. Assessment of the situation of ecotourism exploitation in PN-KB 63 National Park

4.3.1. Tourist market 63

4.3.2 Types of tourism exploitation 65

4.3.3. Tourism development investment projects 66

4.3.4. Stakeholder participation in tourism exploitation 66

4.3.5. Seasonality of PN-KB 68 Tourism

4.3.6. Marketing and promotion, promotion, tourism interpretation 69

4.3.7. Assessment of the impact of tourism on the natural and social environment 72

4.3.7.1 Assessment of impacts on the natural environment 72

4.3.7.2 Impact on social and human environment 74

4.4. Proposed strategy for exploiting the potential of ecotourism resources in PN-KB National Park by 2020 77

4.4.1. Strategic perspective on exploiting ecotourism resources at PN-KB 77 National Park

4.4.2. Strategic goals to 2020 77

4.4.3. Forecast of tourist arrivals to 2020 78

4.4.4. Proposing potential types of ecotourism activities 79

4.4.5. Zoning of tourism functional space 81

4.4.6. Tourist routes in PNKB National Park area 82

4.4.7. Development of tourism products 84

4.4.8. Tourism marketing and promotion 84

4.4.9. Tourism information management and interpretation management 85

4.4.10. Tourism human resource development 86

4.4.11. Development of tourism infrastructure 87

4.4.12. Component strategies 87

4.4.13. Solutions to implement strategy 88

CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 92

Conclusion 92

Recommendation 93

REFERENCES APPENDIX


LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS


BVNN: Strict protection

CPTD: Group shares

DLST: Ecotourism

DSTG: World Heritage

KBTTN : Nature Reserve KHHDQG : National Action Plan KTXH : Socio-Economic

PKBVNN: Strictly protected area

PKPHST: Ecological restoration zone

PKDVHC: Administrative service area

QH: Planning

QHDLBV: Sustainable tourism planning

TNDL: Tourism resources

TNXP: Youth volunteers

LLC : Limited Liability

UNESCO : United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization UNWTO : World Tourism Organization

VHST: Culture - Ecology

National Park: National Park

PN-KB National Park: Phong Nha – Ke Bang National Park


LIST OF TABLES

Table 2.1: Assessment of the attractiveness of natural tourism resources 20

Table 3.1: Area divided by functional zones 27

Table 4.1: Bioclimatic indicators for humans 32

Table 4.2 Statistics of cave systems in the study area 35

Table 4.3: Area of ​​vegetation types and habitats 39

Table 4.4: Statistics of flora of Phong Nha - Ke Bang National Park 40

Table 4.5: Evaluation of tourism exploitation potential of scenic spots 48

Table 4.6: Basic economic data of Quang Binh Tourism and PNKB National Park 63

Table 4.7: Tourist data to Quang Binh and PNKB National Park area from 2002-2009 64

Table 4.8: Tourism services with local people's participation (2003-2008) 67

Table 4.9. Assessment of increased environmental benefits and reduced negative impacts 72

Table 4.10: Analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and challenges for ecotourism exploitation at PN-KB 75 National Park

Table 4.11: Forecast of tourist numbers in PNKB National Park area, period 2009-2020 78

Table 4.12: Potential for developing ecotourism activities 79

Table 4.13: Tourist routes in PNKB National Park area 83


LIST OF FIGURES, GRAPHS, MAPS


Figure 4.1: Dark Cave - a type of karst cave 36

Figure 4.2: Ancient Kasrt tower is very popular 36

Figure 4.3: Karst terrain is common throughout the region 37

Figure 4.4: Limestone vegetation 38

Figure 4.5: Vegetation on the 38-earth mountain

Figure 4.6: Primitive green cypress forest on limestone mountain >700 m 39

Figure 4.7: Paphiopedilum and Cypress species of global conservation value 41

Figure 4.8: Rare Five-colored Langur species 42

Figure 4.9: Some rare species of birds in the order Gastropoda in area 43

Figure 4.10: Some new Gecko species for science 44

Figure 4.11: Settlement and livelihood of local people 46

Figure 4.12: Historical site of Route 20 Quyet Thang 47

Figure 4.13: War Remnants 47

Figure 4.14: Seasonality of tourists visiting PNKB National Park in 2009 69

Map 1: Vietnam Ecotourism Map. Map 2: Cave map of PN-KB National Park

Map 3: Map of tourism resource values ​​in PN-KB National Park Map 4: Map of tourism sites in PN-KB National Park

Map 5: Map of ecotourism areas in PN-KB National Park Map 6: Map of ecotourism routes in PN-KB National Park

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