Evaluation of Research Situation and Issues Raised for the Thesis

Books, articles, theses have deeply researched, analyzed, and evaluated the current status of preserving and promoting ethnic cultural heritage from different perspectives such as: ethnoscience, philosophy, and cultural studies. From there, they provide a scientific basis for affirming the importance and necessity of proposing solutions to preserve and promote ethnic cultural heritage in the current development process.

For the Northeast region, the research works have only stopped at studying the current status of preserving and promoting the cultural heritage of ethnic groups through a specific aspect or studying the current status of preserving and promoting the cultural heritage of an ethnic group in a province in the Northeast region such as Tay, Mong, Dao. At the same time, the authors have also proposed solutions for preserving and promoting the cultural heritage of these ethnic groups in the current conditions of market economy and international integration.

1.2. Evaluation of the research situation and issues raised for the thesis

- Evaluate the research situation.

Culture and BSVHDT are increasingly being studied, analyzed and dissected from many aspects by scientists in many fields. Through many research works from many different approaches, the nature, content, role and position of culture and BSVHDT are clarified and deepened.

Research works from any perspective agree

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affirming the role of culture as the spiritual foundation, the goal and driving force of development; affirming that BSVHDT is the endogenous strength in the sustainable development of the country. Those research works have contributed to providing a scientific basis for planning and organizing the implementation of the contents in the viewpoints, guidelines and policies on cultural development of our Party and State.

The common point of the above research works is that the nature of culture is material values ​​and spiritual values ​​(in a broad sense) or just spiritual values ​​(in a narrow sense). Studying and absorbing the viewpoints of the authors in the above research works, the author of the thesis has approached culture in the form of material culture and intangible culture.

Discussing BSVH, in the reviewed research works, the authors also have a common point in pointing out that BSVH is the most characteristic, core, and quintessential values ​​of each culture, expressing the soul of an ethnic group, distinguishing this ethnic group from other ethnic groups. The author of the thesis also adopted this approach to clarify the BSVH of ethnic minorities in the Northeast region.

The culture and cultural heritage of ethnic minorities in our country in general and in the Northeast region in particular have been mentioned in many works of scientists, topics, doctoral theses, master's theses, etc. There are books written on the basis of collection and compilation, through which they introduce to readers the most general and basic features of the diverse and unique cultures of ethnic minorities in our country. There are works that study the culture of ethnic minorities within a region, but there are also works that study a specific ethnic group in a certain area (a region, a province); there are also research works that mention the changes in the cultural heritage of ethnic minorities in the development process. These works provide a scientific basis for affirming the importance and necessity of proposing solutions to preserve and promote the cultural heritage of ethnic minorities in the current development process.

Preserving and promoting the cultural heritage of ethnic minorities in general and the cultural heritage of ethnic minorities in particular

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The Northeast region in particular has also been mentioned in many scientific works and doctoral theses. However, there are works that study the preservation and promotion of ethnic cultural heritage in relation to economic development, other works study the preservation and promotion of ethnic cultural heritage in a narrow scope, that is, of a specific ethnic group or a certain aspect of the cultural heritage of ethnic minorities in the Northeast region of our country. The above research works have also analyzed the current situation as well as the trend of cultural heritage change of a specific ethnic group in a province or in the entire Northeast region. The results of those research works are important materials that help the author of the thesis to generalize and synthesize to supplement the material for his thesis. However, there is no work that directly, systematically and in-depthly addresses the research on the preservation and promotion of ethnic cultural heritage of ethnic minorities in the Northeast region of our country, especially research from the field of Philosophy.

- Issues raised for the thesis.

The above research situation has raised some issues for the thesis that need to be continued and solved as follows:

Firstly , theoretical research on culture, cultural heritage, and ethnic minority cultural heritage on the basis of new realities. Specifically, the thesis will have to clarify the concept of ethnic minority cultural heritage in general and ethnic minority cultural heritage in particular; the concept of preserving and promoting ethnic minority cultural heritage to serve as a theoretical basis for solving the research tasks of the thesis.

Second , the author studies the natural, population, and traditional socio-economic characteristics that contribute to the formation of the cultural heritage of ethnic minorities in the Northeast region, and studies the diversity of cultural heritage of ethnic minorities through tangible cultural values ​​and intangible cultural values. From there, the basic characteristics of the cultural heritage of ethnic minorities in the Northeast region are pointed out. The author also studies and clarifies the concept of preserving and promoting the cultural heritage of ethnic minorities in all three aspects: subject, content, and

ways to preserve and promote. The author points out the factors affecting the preservation and promotion of the cultural heritage of ethnic minorities in the Northeast region, especially objective factors such as the development of the market economy, globalization and international integration.

Third , analyze the current status of preserving and promoting the cultural heritage of ethnic minorities in the Northeast region of our country in terms of achievements and limitations. The assessment of achievements and limitations focuses mainly on tangible cultural values ​​and intangible cultural values. From there, the author points out the causes of the current situation and the issues raised in preserving and promoting the cultural heritage of ethnic minorities in the Northeast region of our country.

Fourthly , the thesis proposes a number of viewpoints and solutions to improve the effectiveness of preserving and promoting the cultural heritage of ethnic minorities in this region in the process of promoting industrialization, modernization, developing a socialist-oriented market economy and regional and international integration.

Chapter 1 Summary

Culture has penetrated into all areas of social life, it holds an extremely important position and role in development. That has long been recognized by scientific researchers. Especially, today, in the trend of opening up and international integration, the issue of culture and BSVHDT is increasingly attracting, interested and paying attention to leaders, managers and scientists in different fields.

The thesis has summarized some research works of authors in different fields on the nature and characteristics of culture and BSVH. Although there are different identifications of culture in terms of the breadth and narrowness of the problem, in terms of components, structures, and characteristics of culture, there is no difference in the origin, the foundation, the generality, and the generality of culture.

The culture of ethnic minorities in general and the culture of ethnic minorities in the Northeast region in particular is extremely rich and diverse, contributing to creating a unified and diverse Vietnamese culture. Due to the need to exist and develop, ethnic minorities have long built many traditional cultural values ​​that create the BSVHDT. Among those values, there are outdated values, but there are also many good values, which have had a positive impact on life and existed forever, it has created vitality, helping ethnic groups overcome the difficult challenges of history to exist and develop. Those values ​​are all reflected in the research achievements of scientists in various fields, especially in the fields of culture, folk culture and culture of ethnic groups, ethnic studies,

... which the thesis has generalized and presented.

The thesis also presented a number of works by the authors that delved into analyzing and dissecting the changes in the BSVH under the impact of the opening and integration process. Thereby, the authors also proposed solutions to preserve and promote the BSVH of ethnic minorities - the endogenous strength for ethnic minorities to survive and develop.

Reality is always changing, on the other hand, in the field of ethnic minority culture in general and ethnic minorities in the Northeast region in particular, there are still many issues that need to be explained, especially from a philosophical perspective. Therefore, the thesis continues to study the issue of preserving and promoting the cultural heritage of ethnic minorities in the Northeast region of Vietnam today from a philosophical perspective.

Chapter 2

THEORY ON PRESERVING AND PROMOTING THE CULTURAL IDENTITY OF ETHNIC MINORITIES IN THE NORTHEAST REGION OF VIETNAM

2.1. Cultural identity of ethnic minorities

2.1.1. Culture and cultural identity

Culture is a social phenomenon, it covers, spreads, penetrates, and intertwines all areas of social life. The study and identification of culture has been going on for many centuries.

In the East, one of the major cultural centers is China, since ancient times, “culture” originally meant tattoos to identify and distinguish one person from another or it also had a religious meaning, to possess supernatural power. According to Han Tu, “van” means beautiful, “hoa” means to become, to transform; VH in general means to make something, something become meaningful and valuable to people. Later, VH was understood as the general expression of the two concepts “Văn trị” and “giao hóa”, that is, “VH here means education as opposed to force”[48;15]. Using “Văn trị” means using “beauty” to educate and transform people.

In the West, “VH is a Latin word Colère with the meaning of reclaiming, reclaiming land..., later becoming cultura meaning plowing, sowing, caring.... From the meaning of cultivation associated with agriculture, the language cultura gradually added new meanings such as cultivating the spirit, understood as having knowledge, having education, the expansion of human intelligence and spirit”[48; 15-16].

By the 15th - 16th centuries, with the emergence and development of science and technology, especially artistic creation, culture was more concerned with creative and inventive elements. In invention, creation, and artistic creation, the nature and role of culture were clearly demonstrated.

Although it appeared early in the linguistic life of both the East and the West, it was not until the 18th century that the word VH was used as a scientific term. And from here, VH has become a concept mentioned by many researchers and analysts in the humanities: DT

studies, sociology, history... The concept of culture has therefore become more polysemous and richer. Although in recent decades, due to the increasingly affirmed position and role of culture in human life as well as the sustainable development of nations, the concept of culture has been mentioned more and more, becoming popular and penetrating into all human activities and inseparable in all areas of social life such as: labor culture, school culture, leadership culture, business culture, traffic culture, network culture, consumer culture...

From different perspectives, experts in each field want to give their own definition of this concept. Therefore, up to now, there have been hundreds of definitions of culture. These definitions complement each other, contributing to enriching human knowledge about culture.

Through many definitions of culture, the concept of "culture" can be summarized into two main understandings: in a broad sense and in a narrow sense.

In a broad sense, culture is the totality of material and spiritual values ​​created by humans throughout history through human activities to satisfy human material and spiritual needs.

In a narrow sense, culture refers to one aspect, one area of ​​social life, which is the spiritual life of society, distinguishing cultural life from material life such as economy. Specific areas of human life activities such as culture in the field of daily life, in religious life, spirituality, in festivals, customs, habits, in ethics, lifestyle of individuals, communities, of a nation...

Culture is understood in a narrow sense, also clearly shown in the way of distinguishing fields in a society such as: economic field, political field, social field, cultural field.

Each definition of culture is reasonable because it is a broad category, and scientists exploit it from different angles, but it helps people visualize what culture is and what culture includes. The difference is due to the approach and research goals. But all are unified on the most general and fundamental issues, which are expressed in the following characteristics:

Firstly , culture is a unique characteristic of humans, a product created by humans during their long history, therefore, culture carries