Domestic Wastewater Collection Line Map in the City

Determine, advise, criticize, evaluate, plan and build economic and technical arguments, projects and science and technology programs, policies and strategies to serve socio-economic development, protect resources and environment, ensure national defense and security and sovereignty, national interests at sea; Cooperate with domestic and international organizations in scientific research on marine resources and environment;

Some other departments also have units related to environmental management such as the Department of Agriculture and Rural Development has a standing unit of the Provincial Disaster Prevention and Rescue Command Board located in the Fisheries Sub-Department and some small units from other departments.

At the local level (Quang Ninh province) according to functions and tasks: Department of Natural Resources and Environment, Ha Long City People's Committee, Ha Long Bay Management Board and related agencies have achieved the following results in the past time:

- For Department of Natural Resources and Environment:

+ Directly acts as an advisory body to help the Provincial People's Committee approve projects that require an Environmental Impact Assessment Report. Up to now, the Department has advised the Provincial People's Committee to approve EIAs for 32 projects operating in the bay and along the bay's shore.

+ Under the authorization of the Provincial People's Committee, 25 establishments have been granted licenses to discharge wastewater into coastal seawater of Ha Long Bay.

- For Ha Long City People's Committee.

Received and assessed environmental protection commitments for over 650 projects. Of these, 58 projects operate along the shore of Ha Long Bay and especially over 430 ships that stay and transport tourists on Ha Long Bay (about 100 remaining ships have not been registered).

- For Ha Long Bay Management Board:

+ Cooperate with Bai Chay Tourist Port to organize the signing of environmental protection commitments for 523 tourist transport vehicles on the Bay;

+ Organize a commitment signing with fishing households to participate in protecting the Heritage environment, and annually organize campaigns to protect the marine environment in fishing villages on the Bay.

+ The Board has built a team of collaborators to manage and protect Heritage at residential areas in the Bay and operates relatively effectively.

- Together with relevant Departments, Boards and sectors, the above units have annually implemented activities to propagate and educate on environmental protection and Heritage values ​​for the community and tourists visiting the bay through the installation of instruction boards, regulations, signs, billboards, posters, banners, slogans; Organizing mingling ceremonies in response to environmental days, sea and island weeks; Workshops to propagate solutions, technologies, environmental protection equipment for rafts, inland waterway vehicles operating on Ha Long Bay, etc.

b. Monitoring and supervision of environmental quality in Ha Long Bay

- Pursuant to Decision No. 3108/QD-UBND dated September 25, 2008 of the People's Committee of Quang Ninh province on "Approval of the Water and Air Environment Monitoring Network of Quang Ninh province to 2020, for Ha Long Bay including 21 points. Periodically once a quarter, the Environmental Monitoring and Analysis Center shall collect samples for analysis and assessment of the preparation of the Environmental Status Report of Quang Ninh province.

- For Ha Long Bay Management Board: in 2010, equipment for environmental sampling and analysis was invested. The Board has identified a total of 41 locations for sampling and analysis, and has been conducting periodic assessments since 2011.

In general, the work of monitoring and supervising the environmental quality of Ha Long Bay is carried out periodically, with a network of typical points, ensuring service for the State management work of all levels and sectors.

c. Waste collection work along the shore and in Ha Long Bay.

Ha Long Bay Management Board is collecting garbage in the bay in 2 forms:

+ Collect in a 700 m strip along the shore from the Hon Gai Ward Customs Pier to the area of ​​Column 8, Hong Ha Ward (according to Decision No. 2055/QD-UB dated August 6, 1998 of the People's Committee of Quang Ninh Province on Assignment of responsibilities for collecting and treating waste on the shore).

Ha Long Bay is the responsibility of the City People's Committee). However, the Provincial People's Committee has temporarily assigned the Ha Long Bay Management Board to implement Decision No. 411/QD-UBND dated February 5, 2010 approving the project to collect, transport and treat floating waste along the shore of Ha Long Bay. The results are as follows:

Phase 1 from May 2010 to May 2011, collected 3,693 m3.

Phase 2 from June 2011 to June 2012, collected 3,024 m3.

+ Collecting garbage across the entire Bay and at tourist attractions: The Bay Management Board has 4 Centers to carry out this work:

- Center 1 has 3 boats, 5 bamboo baskets, 15 people.

- Center 2 has 5 boats, 2 bamboo baskets, 20 people.

- Center 3 has 2 boats, 2 bamboo boats and 8 people.

- Center 4 has 2 ships, 10 boats and 24 people.

With the implementation of the above waste collection activities, the environmental landscape on and along the bay's shore has been significantly improved, with no more unpleasant floating waste like before.

d. Collection and treatment of domestic wastewater and industrial wastewater from the mainland

In fact, socio-economic development activities generate wastewater discharged into the natural environment, part of which is absorbed into the soil environment, the rest mostly into the sea. This thesis will discuss the collection and treatment of domestic wastewater in the city today and the types of industrial production on land that have wastewater collection and treatment systems as follows:

+ For Bai Chay area: Ao Ca wastewater treatment plant with river capacity

3,500 m3/day funded by the World Bank and counterpart capital from Quang Ninh province. This is a modern wastewater treatment plant using activated sludge technology and fully automatically controlled on a new computer system completed in early 2007. Domestic wastewater from residential and service areas in the South of Bai Chay ward is collected on a nearly 7 km long pipeline and collected at 8 automatic pumping stations to the treatment plant. Here, the wastewater is brought into

sludge settling tank before being put into the treatment tank. At the treatment tank (equalization tank), the sensor system in the tank will analyze the water sample and provide parameters for the computer to process. From those parameters, the computer will adjust the wastewater treatment system until it meets the environmental discharge standards, then it will automatically flow into a thorough treatment system of 6 lakes before being discharged into Hung Thang Lake into the environment.

+ For Hon Gai area: Ha Khanh wastewater treatment plant was completed and put into use in May 2009, with a capacity of 7,200 m3/day. This is the largest wastewater treatment plant built in the city and the province at present. The plant is responsible for collecting all domestic wastewater from 6 central wards of Ha Long city (Hong Gai, Bach Dang, Tran Hung Dao, Cao Xanh, part of Yet Kieu, Hong Hai and Ha Khanh wards - with a total collection line length of over 15km) to treat it to meet the standards of type B industrial wastewater before discharging it into the environment, contributing to protecting the city's environment and the World Natural Heritage of Ha Long Bay.

Figure 3.25: Diagram of domestic wastewater collection route in the city

(shown by red dashed line)

For some coastal urban areas, domestic wastewater treatment stations have been invested in as follows:

+ Vung Dang urban area with a scale of over 30 hectares: invested in building a domestic wastewater treatment plant with a capacity of 2,000 m3/day. The current plant has been handed over to the City People's Committee for management since May 2012.

+ Column 5-Column 8 urban area and Column 5-Column 8 urban area expansion with a scale of over 350 hectares have invested in building 02 domestic wastewater treatment stations with a capacity of

1,200 m3/day/station.

For industrial production activities on land:

+ Vinacomin's coal mining activities. With an annual mining capacity of over 10 million tons, it is expected to reach 12 million tons in 2012. With such a capacity, it is expected to generate about 20 million m3 of wastewater per year. However, currently there are only a few mine wastewater treatment plants as follows:

Wastewater treatment cluster of Ha Lam Coal Joint Stock Company: 6,200 m3/day.

Wastewater treatment cluster of Hon Gai Coal 1.TV Company Limited: 4,890 m3/day.

The remaining units are Nui Beo Coal Joint Stock Company and Ha Tu Coal Joint Stock Company, which have not yet invested in building mine wastewater treatment systems.

Nam Cau Trang Coal Preparation Plant: 2,000 m3/day. The treated water is used for recirculation and re-production.

Thus, the total capacity of mine wastewater treatment plants has only reached over

13,090 m3/day (ie approximately 5,000,000 m3/year).

+ Industrial zones: in the city, there are currently 02 concentrated industrial zones in operation, namely Cai Lan Industrial Zone in Bai Chay Ward and Viet Hung Industrial Zone in Viet Hung Ward. Of which, Cai Lan Industrial Zone has invested in a wastewater treatment plant with a capacity of

1,200 m3/day, the rest of Viet Hung Industrial Park has not been invested in construction.

+ Petroleum industry: Currently, there is a petroleum import and export port and a storage system in Bai Chay ward and Ha Khau ward. This activity also

Wastewater containing oil is generated from washing, tank bottom cleaning, etc. Currently, B12 Petroleum Company has also invested in 2 wastewater treatment stations for 2 storage areas with a capacity of 200 m3/batch/2 days/station.

+ Food industry:

Ha Long Beer and Beverage Factory: has also invested in building a treatment plant with a capacity of 1,200 m3/day.

. Seafood processing factory for export in Bach Dang ward of Quang Ninh Seafood Export Joint Stock Company with capacity of 300 m3/day.

+ Seaport: Cai Lan Port has also invested in a domestic wastewater treatment plant with a capacity of 400 m3/day. The Vietnam Maritime Administration has also invested in building a wastewater treatment plant from ships docking at the port to load and unload goods with a capacity of 20 m3/day.

Table 3.16: List of wastewater treatment stations in the city

STT

Name of wastewater treatment plant	Capacity (m3/day)	Note
I	Domestic wastewater	15,500
1.1	Fish pond	3,500
1.2	Ha Khanh	7,200
1.3	Vocabulary	2,000
1.4	Column 5-column 8	1,200
1.5	Column 5-column 8 expanded	1,200
1.6	Cai Lan Port	400
II	Industrial wastewater coal mining and processing	13,090
2.1	Hon Gai	4,890
2.2	Ha Lam	6,200
2.3	Hon Gai coal selection	2,000
III	Other industrial wastewater	3.120
3.1	Cai Lan Industrial Park	1,200

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• Pre-tax Profit of Bidv Tien Giang in the Period 2011-2015 zt2i3t4l5ee zt2a3gsnon-credit services, joint stock commercial bank zt2a3ge zc2o3n4t5e6n7ts At that time, the Branch had to set aside a provision for credit risks, which reduced the Branch's income. Chart 2.2. Pre-tax profit of BIDV Tien Giang in the period 2011-2015 Unit: Billion VND 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 63.3 80.34 89.29 110.08 131.99 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Profit before tax (Source: Report on the implementation of the annual business plan of the General Planning Department of BIDV Tien Giang [24]) However, through chart 2.2, it can be seen that BIDV Tien Giang's profit is still increasing continuously, and its operating efficiency is currently leaking. This is a contribution of non-credit services, and this service segment will be increasingly focused on growth by BIDV Tien Giang to ensure the highest profit safety because credit activities have many potential risks. At the same time, focusing on developing non-credit services is consistent with one of the contents of restructuring the financial activities of credit institutions in the project "Restructuring the system of credit institutions in the period 2011-2015" approved by the Prime Minister in Decision No. 254/QD-TTg dated March 1, 2012 [14]: "Gradually shifting the business model of commercial banks towards reducing dependence on credit activities and increasing income from non-credit services". 2.2. Current status of non-credit service development at BIDV Tien Giang. 2.2.1. BIDV Tien Giang has deployed the development of non-credit services in recent times. Along with the development of the Head Office, BIDV Tien Giang's products and services are constantly improved and deployed in a diverse manner to ensure provision for many different customer groups in the area: individual customers, corporate customers, and financial institutions. Typical services are as follows: Payment services, treasury services, guarantee services, card services, trade finance, other services: Western Union, insurance commissions, consulting services, foreign exchange derivatives trading, e-banking services,... 2.2.1.1. Payment services: In accordance with the Prime Minister's Project to promote non-cash payments in Vietnam [15], banks in Tien Giang province have continuously developed payment services to reduce customers' cash usage habits through card services and electronic banking services such as: salary payment through accounts, focusing on developing card acceptance points, developing multi-purpose cards, paying social insurance by transfer, paying bills through banks, etc. Chart 2.3. Net income from payment services in the period 2011-2015 Unit: Million VND 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 0 3922 4065 4720 5084 5324 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Net income from payment services (Source: Report on the implementation of the annual business plan of the General Planning Department of BIDV Tien Giang [24]) Along with the technological development of the entire system, BIDV Tien Giang has a payment system with a fairly stable transaction processing speed, bringing many conveniences to customers. The results of observing chart 2.3 show that the income from payment services that the Branch has achieved has grown over the years but the speed is not high and the products are not outstanding compared to other banks. Domestic payment products such as: Online bill payment, electricity bills, water bills, insurance premiums, cable TV bills, telecommunications fees, airline tickets, etc. bring many conveniences to customers. Regarding international payment, this is an indispensable activity for foreign economic activities, BIDV Tien Giang is providing international payment methods for small enterprises producing agriculture, aquatic food and seafood that have credit relationships with banks in industrial parks in Tien Giang province such as: money transfer, collection, L/C payment. 2.2.1.2. Treasury services: BIDV Tien Giang always focuses on ensuring treasury safety and currency security, always complies with legal regulations, and minimizes risks in operations such as: counting and collecting money from customers, receiving and delivering internal transactions, collecting from the State Bank (SBV) or other credit institutions, receiving ATM funds, bundling money, etc. BIDV Tien Giang's treasury service management department is always fully equipped with modern machinery and equipment such as: money transport vehicles, fire prevention tools, money counters, money detectors, magnifying glasses, etc. to ensure absolute safety in treasury operations, immediately identifying real and fake money and other risks that may affect people and assets of the bank and customers. In addition, implementing regulation 2480/QC dated October 28, 2008 between the State Bank of Tien Giang province and the Provincial Police on coordination in the fight against counterfeit money, in the 3-year review of implementation, BIDV Tien Giang discovered, seized and submitted to the State Bank of Tien Giang province 475 banknotes of various denominations and was commended by the Provincial Police and the State Bank of Tien Giang province [17]. Chart 2.4. Net income from treasury services in the period 2011-2015 Unit: Million VND 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 105 122 309 289 279 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Net income from treasury services (Source: Report on the implementation of the annual business plan of the General Planning Department of BIDV Tien Giang [24]) However, as shown in Figure 2.4, income from treasury operations is not high and fluctuates. Specifically, in the period 2011-2013, net income increased and increased most sharply in 2013, then in the period 2013-2015, there was a downward trend. This fluctuation is due to the fact that fees collected from treasury services are often very low and can even be waived to attract customers to use other services. 2.2.1.3. Guarantee and trade finance services: BIDV Tien Giang, thanks to the advantages of the province and the favorable location of the Branch, has continuously focused on developing income from guarantee services and trade finance. Chart 2.5. Net income from guarantee and trade finance services in the period 2011-2015 Unit: Million VND 14000 12000 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 0 5193 5695 2742 3420 8889 3992 11604 12206 5143 5312 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Net income from guarantee services Net income from Trade Finance (Source: Report on the implementation of the annual business plan of the General Planning Department of BIDV Tien Giang [24]) Through chart 2.5, we can see that BIDV Tien Giang's income from guarantee services and trade finance has grown over the years. The reason is: Among BIDV Tien Giang's corporate customers, the construction industry is the industry with the highest proportion of customers after the trading industry, this is a group of customers with potential to develop guarantee services. The second group of customers is corporate customers in the fields of agricultural production, livestock and seafood processing with high import and export turnover in the area. are the target of trade finance development. In addition, BIDV Tien Giang also focuses on continuously developing these customer groups to increase revenue for many other products and services in the future. 2.2.1.4. Card and POS services: As a service that BIDV Tien Giang has recently developed strongly, it can be said that this is a very potential market and has the ability to develop even more strongly in the future. Card services with outstanding advantages such as fast payment time, wide payment range, quite safe, effective and suitable for the integration trend and the Project to promote non-cash payments in Vietnam. Cards have become a modern and popular payment tool. BIDV Tien Giang early identified that developing card services is to expand the market to people in society, create capital mobilized from card-opened accounts, contribute to diversifying banking activities, enhance the image of the bank, bring the BIDV Tien Giang brand to people as quickly and easily as possible. BIDV Tien Giang is currently providing card types such as: credit cards (BIDV MasterCard Platinum, BIDV Visa Gold Precious, BIDV Visa Manchester United, BIDV Visa Classic), international debit cards (BIDV Ready Card, BIDV Manu Debit Card), domestic debit cards (BIDV Harmony Card, BIDV eTrans Card, BIDV Moving Card, BIDV-Lingo Co-branded Card, BIDV-Co.opmart Co-branded Card). These cards can be paid via POS/EDC or on the ATM system. In addition, with debit cards, customers can not only withdraw money via ATMs but also perform utilities such as mobile top-up, online payment, money transfer,... through electronic banking services. In order to attract customers with card services, BIDV Tien Giang has continuously increased the installation of ATMs. As of December 31, 2015, BIDV Tien Giang has 23 ATMs combined with 7 ATMs in the same system of BIDV My Tho, so the number of ATMs is quite large, especially in the center of My Tho City, but is not yet fully present in the districts. Basic services on ATMs such as withdrawing money, checking balances, printing short statements,... BIDV ATMs accept cards from banks in the system. Banknetvn and Smartlink, cards branded by international card organizations Union Pay (CUP), VISA, MasterCard and cards of banks in the Asian Payment Network. From here, cardholders can make bill payments for themselves or others at ATMs, by simply entering the subscriber number or customer code, booking code that service providers notify and make bill payments. Chart 2.6. Net income from card services in the period 2011-2015 Unit: Million VND 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 687 1023 1547 2267 3104 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Net income from card services (Source: Report on the implementation of the annual business plan of the General Planning Department of BIDV Tien Giang [24]) Through chart 2.6, it can be seen that BIDV Tien Giang's card service income is constantly growing because the Branch focuses on developing businesses operating in industrial parks, which are the source of customers for salary payment products, ATMs, BSMS. Specifically, there are companies such as Freeview, Quang Viet, Dai Thanh, which are businesses with a large number of card openings at the Branch, contributing to the increase in card service fees [25]. Table 2.6. Number of ATMs and POS machines in 2015 of some banks in Tien Giang area. Unit: Machine STT Bank name Number of ATMs Cumulative number of ATM cards POS machine 1 BIDV Tien Giang 23 97,095 22 2 BIDV My Tho 7 21,325 0 3 Agribank Tien Giang 29 115,743 77 4 Vietinbank Tien Giang 16 100,052 54 5 Dong A Tien Giang 26 97,536 11 6 Sacombank Tien Giang 24 88,513 27 7 Vietcombank Tien Giang 15 61,607 96 8 Vietinbank - Tay Tien Giang Branch 6 46,042 38 (Source: 2015 Banking Activity Data Report of the General and Internal Control Department of the Provincial State Bank [21]) Through table 2.6, the author finds that the number of ATMs of BIDV Tien Giang is not much, ranking fourth after Agribank Tien Giang, Dong A Tien Giang, Sacombank Tien Giang. The number of POS machines of BIDV Tien Giang is very small, only higher than Dong A Tien Giang and BIDV My Tho in the initial stages of merging the BIDV system. 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3.2

Port B12	200
3.3	B12 Oil Depot	200
3.4	Ha Tinh Brewery and Beverage Factory Long	1,200
3.5	Seafood processing factory	300
3.6	Vietnam Maritime Administration	20

3.3.2 Current shortcomings and problems in the management of coastal marine water environment in Ha Long city

3.3.2.1 On State management work at all levels and sectors

Although Quang Ninh province has issued many documents to protect the environment in the province in general and Ha Long Bay in particular, the difficulties and problems in the management of the Bay have not been resolved. That is: Ha Long Bay Management Board is the state management agency for Ha Long Bay alone, however, the authority and responsibility of Ha Long Bay Management Board is only limited to the area recognized as a heritage with 434 km2, without a buffer zone; or the Management Board has human resources and means but does not have the authority (to sanction administrative violations, etc.) while the relevant departments, branches and localities lack means and human resources but have the authority; currently the Board only collects and manages entrance fees while security fees and environmental fees have not been regulated to serve the work of ensuring security and environmental sanitation of the heritage, etc.

- Lack of a comprehensive and unified management mechanism in the direction of multi-sectoral, multi-objective, multi-benefit management affects the overall planning for the use of Ha Long Bay space.

- Environmental inspection work has been paid attention to and implemented by localities, but the initiative is not high. Some environmental violations have not been handled promptly and thoroughly, causing public outrage.

- The Prime Minister issued Decision No. 142/2002/QD-TTg approving the plan to preserve and promote the value of Ha Long Bay Heritage until 2020.

2020, but the construction of the detailed plan for the conservation and promotion of the value of Ha Long Bay Heritage by 2020 in the province is still slow to be implemented. (The detailed plan for the conservation and promotion of the value of Ha Long Bay Heritage by 2020, with the Ha Long Bay Management Board as the Investor, has been approved by the Provincial People's Committee for the planning task in Decision No. 1282/QD-UBND dated May 6, 2010. Up to now, the planning project is being submitted to the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism and the Vietnam National Commission for UNESCO for planning agreement, so it has not been approved to have a basis for implementation)

Due to development needs, the area located in the center of Ha Long city (World Heritage area) including the entire landscape, geology, geomorphology, culture, history, and ecological conservation areas is an absolute conservation area, but the general construction planning and functional zoning planning in coastal areas within the Heritage area are not stable, including a number of urban infrastructure investment projects that have been adjusted many times (such as the expanded urban area of ​​columns 5 and 8, Cao Xanh-Ha Khanh urban area, etc.), the construction progress of the projects is still slow... leading to inadequacies in management work.

3.3.2.2. Regarding policies and laws

- Since 1987, Vietnam has participated in the International Convention for the Protection of Natural and Cultural Heritage adopted at the 17th session of the United Nations General Assembly on November 16, 1972, but legal documents related to heritage in general (Natural Heritage, Cultural Heritage, Mixed Heritage) are not yet complete, especially for natural heritage.

- Since Vietnam had the Law on Environmental Protection in 1993, now the Law on Environmental Protection in 2005, and joined the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL 73/78), we have had a system of guiding documents under the law on environmental protection in general, including regulations on marine environmental protection and prevention of oil pollution at sea. However, regulations on prevention of oil pollution at sea due to activities of the transport sector are still general, not specific and lack of uniformity, so we are currently unable to control sources of oil pollution emissions discharged by inland waterway vehicles.