- Separate the chloroplasts from the leaf cells, then break the chloroplast membrane to release the intact thilakoid stacks. Next, add hexachloroplatinate, which has 6 chloride ions and a charge of 2 -, to the test tube containing the intact thilakoids.
- After a period of time, the thilakoid + hexachloroplatinate mixture was analyzed for structure and the amount of oxygen produced was measured.
The experimental results showed that hexachloroplatinate ions were bound to the thylakoid membrane at the site of photosystem I (figure below) and the hexachloroplatinate-thylakoid membrane complex was photosynthetically active.
Photosystem I
a. Why is the hexachloroplatinate-thylakoid membrane complex photosynthetically active?
b. Explain why hexachloroplatinate can bind to the thylakoid membrane at the photosystem I region and how does this molecule bind to the membrane?
c. In this experiment, besides oxygen, what other substances could have been created? Explain.
a
- Although there is no light in the artificial photosynthetic system as described in the experiment, because hexachloroplatinate is a strong oxidizing agent, it activates the electrons of chlorophyll at the center of photosystem I from the ground state to the high-energy state, just like photons activate the electrons of chlorophyll. - The electrons are then passed through the electron transport chain to NADP + along with |
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H + to form NADPH. The electron transport chain still functions because the thylakoid remains intact and unbroken. | |
b | Hexachloroplatinate has a negative charge (2 - ) and the thylakoid membrane has a positive charge, so this substance binds to the membrane due to the attractive force between substances with opposite charges. |
c | Once the light phase of photosynthesis occurs, whether in the leaves (in vivo) or under artificial conditions, the products of the light phase are still ATP and NADPH. |
b.
- Those green particles are chloroplasts.
- Movement of chloroplasts due to:
+ Movement of the chloroplast itself.
+ The activity of the cytoskeleton to which chloroplasts are attached.
The above movement of chloroplasts is due to the activity of the cytoskeleton.
- The cytoskeleton structure consists of microtubules, microfilaments and intermediate filaments.
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