"The time my mother rejected me" [3.89]. Through the lines of her inner monologue, we see that she is a strong person, with faith and hope in life. Although she has made mistakes, she still firmly believes and hopes that her child will give her a chance to repent, a chance to redeem her mistakes. This is truly a warm, bright spark in the whole story full of crimes and human mistakes. Throughout the novel Angel of Repentance , Ta Duy Anh mentioned human crimes. Ta Duy Anh's concept is that the greatest crime of humans is killing the seed of life, killing even their own children when they are just fetuses. Throughout the novel, terrible stories about evil and human sins are written, but he does not lead the story to a dead end but opens up a humane direction, reducing the tension and pessimistic view of life.
In Ho Anh Thai's works, we see that repentance and self-improvement often go hand in hand with the search for the root of evil. In the work The Human World Rings the End of the World , the character Dong, who calls himself "I", is a person who lives a dissolute, debauched, and debauched life, always looking at life with a cold and hateful gaze. However, after witnessing the three tragic deaths of three young men, Coc, Bop, and Phu, who are his three close nephews, Dong harbored the intention of revenge and set out to find the one who caused those three unjust deaths. Initially, the character Toi was also an accomplice to evil, determined to find the young girl Mai Trung to avenge the three men, Coc, Bop, and Phu. However, on the difficult and arduous path of searching for Mai Trung, Dong realized that he was standing on the boundary between good and evil. Dong once thought, “Death demands death” [34,102], but standing on the brink of death, Dong realized how precious his life was and how much he wanted to live more than ever. He realized that the nature and root of evil was hatred. After inner struggles, Dong was able to put aside his thoughts of revenge and determined to turn to goodness. Struggling in his arduous search, Dong began to realize many things, among which he realized that evil could run rampant.
In the human world, only when people still harbor evil and hatred within themselves and realize a profound truth that only love and tolerance can resolve all hatred and suffering and bring people a peaceful life. Unexpectedly, that search process is a process of turning towards goodness. He realizes evil, understands the value of life and human pain, and shares with Mai Trung the sacred mission of punishing evil in this world. And perhaps only love for humanity and human awakening can resolve, eradicate evil, and build goodness.
The work " People and Cars Running Under the Moonlight" by Ho Anh Thai successfully builds the character Khuynh as a representative of the class of people with selfish and greedy lifestyles. Experiencing the losses of life, Khuynh is resentful, hates life and seeks revenge. Losing her career, being tortured by her wife and children, Khuynh becomes even more cold, cruel and frightening. Khuynh is confused and wants to destroy the seeds that cause pain in her life. Shooting Duc's starling while imagining his terrible wife is an inhuman act of Khuynh. However, "having gotten revenge, having shot the starling, Khuynh does not feel relieved at all. Is there something wrong here? For so many years Khuynh has shot the wrong target, unjustly killing innocent creatures. Their souls have taken revenge on Khuynh. And evil and misfortune still linger around, even swelling in Khuynh's heart like a malignant tumor. More than ever, Khuynh knew he had made a big mistake and a persistent mistake. As a result, Khuynh had committed a crime, but had not achieved any result" [36,356]. Facing the loss of power in life, when he understood the end of his life, understood the meaning of life but it was too late, Khuynh seemed to have gone crazy "Down there, Khuynh was running on the knee-deep flooded road. That guy was really crazy. He was wearing luxurious clothes, a neat suit, but he was running in the flooded water like a buffalo, not even bothering to roll up his pants to keep from getting wet. Now, Khuynh didn't need to maintain his posture. His position, rank, and qualifications were all stripped away. In front of Khuynh were only the woman with the slashed face and the house with the hot water bathroom. [36,360].
2.2.2. “Angels” lead people from darkness to light
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In the character system of Ta Duy Anh and Ho Anh Thai, there often appears a type of character like a type of "angel", which are characters representing goodness, beauty to shine light, faith in dark souls, hoping to save bad people from the mud of crime. Those are the characters Hai Duy and Tam in Lao Kho by Ta Duy Anh, characters who were reincarnated to the mortal world to lead ignorant people out of the siege of hatred. That is Thao Mien, the prostitute with sad eyes and a holy soul in Di tim nhan vat by Ta Duy Anh who guided Chu Quy to find himself and repent to turn to goodness and find faith in life. The good character in Thien than tan hoi helped the mother of the character "toi" have faith in the power of love and freedom, sincere love helped her get what she wanted, a child.
Kindness always has the power to transform people. Kind people, they are not angels but with their warm love for humanity, they have led people through the darkness of life, through mistakes. People and cars running under the moonlight, The world of people rings the bell of the end of the world are the main works of Ho Anh Thai about the attachment between people, about the love that makes a good life for people. Ho Anh Thai always observes the life around him with a sensitive, subtle and profound perspective. He seems to understand thoroughly every corner of urban life, where there is much joy and happiness but also a lot of deception and betrayal... The writer's characters, after suffering loss and misfortune, eventually find the truth of life. People and cars running under the moonlight reflects the reality of life in the apartment complex with good people like My's mother and daughter, Duc's father and son, and Uncle Tuong's wife and husband. Despite the many difficulties and deprivations, they still love each other, take care of each other, and forgive each other's mistakes, shortcomings, and past mistakes. The kindness of those around them is the light that guides people like Toan and Khac to regain their faith in life.
Toan is a talented and dedicated person, but his life has encountered many difficulties and losses. Those losses made Toan live in seclusion and seem isolated from those around him. But life still operates with Toan, every day he still has to live with the surrounding reality, where there is both good and bad, noble and base, gentle and cruel. Facing that life, Toan can see all the complexities of human life. Living next to good friends like Khac and My, witnessing the good deeds of his neighbors, Toan gradually opened the door of his soul after many difficult and struggling struggles. Finally, Toan felt the sprouts of life, where the young roots were sprouting and bolting in his heart. He felt that life was reborn, life was turning around. He has “a clear and very real thought: to strive, to go to the future with the legs that are moving quickly on the vehicle, his own legs”. Toan struggles with his choice: “Passing the university entrance exam with high scores, and passing the talent selection, Toan entered the profession in such an innocent and simple way. But after five years of studying, and several years of working, Toan became attached to the profession, loved the profession. Should he now write a commitment to give up?” Toan is an ordinary character but has the power to make readers feel warm and believe in life when closing the book. In a lonely situation, suffering from many oppressions, jealousy and even losses, he still tries to rise up, integrate into the community and to perfect himself. Thanks to the harmony with the people around him, when he feels that life still has many meanings, the haunting dreams in Toan when he kills the stinking ghost to save Mrs. Nhon also stop appearing. Toan is an ordinary character but has the power to make readers feel warm and believe in life when they close the book. In The Man and the Car Running Under the Moonlight , besides the character Toan, there is also
Khac. Khac comes from an honest family but the risks of life have pushed him onto the path of crime. Dissatisfied with life and once went to prison.
In prison, he joined the army of swindlers in Cho Gioi to make a living. Khac lived by cheating and robbing, but thanks to the kindness, love and tolerance of My's mother and daughter, Khac reformed, became a good person who lived honestly and did business honestly. Before the sincere feelings of My's mother and daughter, his honest nature was gradually awakened. He was truly a character who turned to goodness after awakening to the meaning of life. Realizing the mistakes he had made, he was determined to stand up and remake himself and live more meaningful days. The rise of Toan and Khac, two characters, two different lives but sharing the same desire to turn to goodness, gives us more faith in love for people and this life.
In The Man and the Car Running Under the Moonlight by Ho Anh Thai, the detail of Cu Duc finding joy in his soul is a haunting detail in the hearts of readers. Cu Duc lost his mother at an early age and always longed for love. He devoted a sacred affection to caring for the starling that knew how to call Mother like a human. The starling was killed by Khuynh, causing deep trauma in the soul of a sensitive child like Cu Duc. In the last lines of the work, Duc happily found joy in his soul by affirming the revival of a leaf that was cut off from the tree trunk. Through that detail, the main inspiration of the work is towards the belief in human life, once again expressed clearly and warmly.
Through his works about the bad things in life, Ho Anh Thai wants to affirm that life is really hard if people only see betrayal, deceit and unpredictable changes. Ho Anh Thai always believes in human affection in a world full of loss and misfortune. He believes in people who always know how to be good: all pain is soothed by time. All mistakes can be corrected. Except death.
If in the works of Ma Van Khang and Ho Anh Thai, we see a very natural and gentle belief in people, then in the works of Ta Duy
It seems that there is no balance between the tragedies that people face and the faith that people find. Ta Duy Anh's perspective and evaluation of life phenomena are somewhat excessive and somewhat heavy. Obviously, from deep within the author's consciousness is a sincere feeling, burning in the desire to guide people to goodness, to guide people to good things, but it seems that the faith that the author places in the characters does not have weight or comes too late in the tragic life of the characters. His characters Chu Quy, Dr. N, and Lao Kho have had to go through terrible mental tortures, it seems that they have found the root of their life tragedies, but faith or an optimistic view of life is still too far away in their perception of life.
2.3. Humanistic life philosophy of Ma Van Khang, Ta Duy Anh, Ho Anh Thai
Caring and focusing on human life is a prominent content in the works of Ma Van Khang, Ta Duy Anh, and Ho Anh Thai. Reflecting human life with its ups and downs, its chaos, its hidden and visible parts, the authors want to affirm the value and role of humans in daily life, aiming to build people with a complete personality, with talent and heart, contributing to building a good society, full of humanity.
We realize that the works of Ma Van Khang, Ta Duy Anh, Ho Anh Thai all describe the existence in daily life with countless things that make us feel bitter, guilty and extremely haunted, although each writer has a different way of expressing. Ma Van Khang's way of expressing is gentle, profound, Ho Anh Thai's is strong, determined, humorous; Ta Duy Anh is mysterious, profound. Each person has a different perspective on real life, they all write about bad and evil from different aspects, but the reader feels a common heart aching before the decline of human personality, and we
also found optimism, trust in the life of each writer because Ma Van Khang, Ho Anh Thai, Ta Duy Anh always kept in mind to write about evil, but not only to criticize evil but also to contribute to repelling evil. Ta Duy Anh said: "I set myself the mission to write, so that evil, if not disappear, will be reduced a little bit each day, a little bit, like dust particles" (Ta Duy Anh).
Ma Van Khang is a writer who has made great contributions to the country's literature. In his writings on the world and personal life, Ma Van Khang describes life with the depth of all issues. In the article "Novels, an irreplaceable value ", Ma Van Khang said: Novels are life at its deepest level. With this concept, Ma Van Khang proves that his works are not simply works of art for pure entertainment, but the depth of their meaning is the important issue. The writer both reflects life with a realistic view and explains and interprets complex issues in life according to his own feelings. In the article "When the writer digs into the depths of the soul", La Nguyen also affirmed this: "Digging into the depths of his soul, Ma Van Khang has raised his own voice. Many of Ma Van Khang’s works seem to be a continuation, a continuation, or rather a dialogue, a debate with the social and artistic consciousness of the time. There are countless dialogues and debates in Ma Van Khang’s novels and short stories: debates about people, about literature and art.
In each literary period, Ma Van Khang has a different view of life and people. The works in the early period of Ma Van Khang mainly praise the new people of the era of war for national defense with pain, loss but also heroic and glorious. The characters in Ma Van Khang's works on national history in the early period often have a typical meaning, representing a class, a community, a nation. In the works on the field of personal life, the writer's pen is directed towards all the hot issues of world life.
temperament, humanity. He delves into every aspect of human life, including love, marriage, base calculations, dreams, noble aspirations, human happiness and unhappiness... The writer is troubled and worried to the point of heartache before the hustle and bustle of life, where there is indifference, hypocrisy, absurdity, instability in human relationships in the family and in society. Ma Van Khang's literary works of the renovation period are the author's confidences, dialogues, and debates with everyone about life, about literature and art. The writer wants to affirm one thing: life, although it has many constants and is colorful, is filled with many meanings; although life has a surface of vicious cycles in many base calculations, degradations of human personality, but hidden beneath is still the depth of the core of human love, the potential values of human beings like a deep area that has never been fully explored.
Literature in the renovation period has a new perspective on people and life due to the requirements of the reality of the times, the tastes of readers and literature itself. Vietnamese prose has recently approached the issues of life and people, initially giving readers a loyal, close feeling about reality; literature shows the democracy, humanity and diversity of life. The concept of art and people in each literary period is not only the starting point to understand the content of a specific literary work but also provides a basis for research, development and evolution of literature. Ma Van Khang is one of the pioneering authors in the cause of literary renovation. The writer believes that writers must have unique, special and creative values. The concept of people in Ma Van Khang's works from the epic period to the private life has clear changes in artistic thinking. The citizen, the collective, and the political man are supplemented with the individual man with his own destiny, his own subconscious inner world, and his own instincts. In modern society, the problems of daily life have undergone drastic changes,