Using Ho Chi Minh Museum in teaching Vietnamese History from 1954 to 1975 at Tran Hung Dao High School - Ha Dong - Hanoi

INTRODUCTION

1. Reason for choosing the topic

With the strong development of science, technology and the process of building the country on the path of industrialization and modernization, our country has made many preparations and investments in the fields of economy, culture, society, etc. to make us more stable and able to stand shoulder to shoulder with the world powers. Education and training have always been given attention and considered a top national policy.

In the current national renovation process, general education is required to train people who are comprehensively developed, serving the cause of industrialization and modernization of the country. This requirement is specified in the 2005 Law on Education, passed by the 11th National Assembly of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (amended and supplemented in 2010): "The goal of education is to train Vietnamese people to be comprehensively developed, with ethics, knowledge, health, aesthetics and profession, loyal to the ideals of national independence and socialism, forming and nurturing the personality, qualities and capacities of citizens, meeting the requirements of building and defending the Fatherland" [15, p.18]. In general schools, each subject has its own characteristics and contributes to the implementation of the goals of education and training, History also has a very important position in moral education and personality formation for students.

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In teaching History, teachers use many methods to improve the effectiveness of lessons, in which visual methods play an important role in creating symbols for students, concretizing events and overcoming the situation of students' historical modernization. To deeply understand, remember and grasp historical events, in addition to historical documents and knowledge in textbooks, there are many other sources of documents and artifacts that are also very rich, especially near the locality where students study and live such as museum systems, historical and cultural relics, etc.

Besides preserving and displaying historical images and artifacts, the museum also performs the function of propaganda, education, and arousing patriotism and

national pride for visitors. In Hanoi, there are many museums: Ho Chi Minh Museum, History Museum, Ethnology Museum... each museum has its own unique documents and content, meaning. In which, Ho Chi Minh Trail Museum is a place to display and preserve many documents and artifacts related to an extremely heroic period of national history. Ho Chi Minh Trail Museum in Yen Nghia Ward, Ha Dong District, Hanoi is a cultural work with the characteristics of Truong Son troops, the only place in Vietnam to preserve a road with its own museum: Truong Son Road - Ho Chi Minh Road.

Poet Pham Tien Duat, a veteran of Truong Son, when visiting the Museum wrote in his notebook: “It is impossible to put a mountain range in a house. But the house, the Ho Chi Minh Trail Museum, contains all the diamonds and precious ores of that mountain range”. With valuable artifacts associated with the history of the nation and the dedication of the museum staff, since its opening, the Museum has become an attractive destination for tourists. At the same time, the Museum also fulfills its responsibility to educate the young generation of Vietnam about historical traditions.

The exploitation and use of museums in teaching in general and history teaching in particular has attracted the attention of many scientists, researchers in teaching theory, education and history education and researchers in history and culture. Up to now, there have been a number of articles and research works addressing this issue in different aspects and levels, but no research work has included the Ho Chi Minh Trail Museum in history teaching.

Therefore, choosing the topic "Using Ho Chi Minh Trail Museum in teaching Vietnamese history from 1954 to 1975 at Tran Hung Dao High School - Ha Dong - Hanoi" as a thesis topic will have scientific significance, supplementing the theory of history teaching, especially the use of museums in history teaching, both having practical significance and contributing to improving the quality of history teaching today.

2. History of research on the problem

The issue of using museum materials in teaching History in high schools has been studied by educators and History educators. The book "Methods of teaching history" edited by Phan Ngoc Lien (University of Education Publishing House, Hanoi, 2010) clearly states the position and significance of extracurricular activities; forms of organization and how to conduct these activities.

In extracurricular activities in teaching History, the author emphasized organizing activities to visit museums and historical and cultural relics.

In the book “Methods of teaching History in high schools” edited by Vu Quang Hien – Hoang Thanh Tu (Hanoi National University Publishing House, 2014), the position, content, meaning and forms of extracurricular activities in History are outlined. In addition, the author proposes appropriate measures and forms of teaching and organizing extracurricular activities at museums for high school students.

In the book “Paths and measures to improve the effectiveness of history teaching in high schools” by author Nguyen Thi Coi (Hanoi Pedagogical University Publishing House, 2006), the role and significance of organizing study tours to museums and historical sites for high school students were mentioned. The author affirmed that through the displayed artifacts, students can vividly visualize historical events, helping them create specific historical symbols and providing a basis for forming general conclusions.

In the book "Training pedagogical skills in History" edited by Nguyen Thi Coi (University of Education Publishing House, 2011), the significance of extracurricular activities, training organizational capacity and how to organize extracurricular activities are mentioned.

The book "Historical museums, revolution in teaching history in high schools " by author Nguyen Thi Coi, published in 1998, presented issues such as: The role and significance of historical museums, revolution in teaching

History teaching in high schools; Contents of exhibits of historical and revolutionary museums and their potential for use in history teaching in high schools; Forms and methods of using museum materials in history teaching.

The book “Museums and monuments inspire teaching and learning history for high school students” by author Nguyen Kim Thanh (editor-in-chief) Vietnam Education Publishing House, 2014, has outlined the relationship between museums, monuments and schools in teaching and learning history for high school students. The author also proposed forms of teaching and learning history for students at museums, especially introducing the “I love history” club at the National History Museum as well as at many other museums and monuments across the country.

In the Cultural Heritage Magazine No. 3, 2012, Master Nguyen Kim Thanh with the topic: "Museums in Hanoi with the improvement of the quality of teaching and learning History in high schools", the author clearly stated the relationship between museums and the process of teaching History. The author analyzed in depth the organization of activities of some museums in Hanoi to make teaching History in high schools more effective, such as organizing museum tours, museums coordinating with schools to present on the move, museums actively organizing clubs and discovery rooms to attract students to participate.

Education and Society Magazine No. 29, 2013, authors Hoang Thanh Tu, Chu Ngoc Quynh with the article "Building a history extracurricular activity program at the Vietnam Museum of Ethnology" stated the role and significance of the Vietnam Museum of Ethnology in teaching history, the current situation of organizing extracurricular activities, and the process of building a history extracurricular activity program at the Vietnam Museum of Ethnology.

In the Teaching and Learning Today Magazine, No. 2, 2017, author Bui Ha Thanh, with the topic "Managing extracurricular educational activities", clearly outlined the methods, plans, and preparations for extracurricular activities.

Journal of Educational Research No. 10, 1997, co-authored by Nguyen Thi Coi - Nguyen Van Phong, Hanoi Pedagogical University with the topic: "Exploiting and using documents of museums and traditional houses in teaching National History in high schools" has generalized the forms and methods of exploiting and using documents of historical museums in general, traditional houses in particular in teaching History. Specifically, teachers can organize to take students to visit museums; teachers exploit and use documents to teach History lessons in the museum or in high schools; exploit and use documents to organize exhibitions, publish study newspapers on major national holidays.

Proceedings of the National Scientific Conference on teaching history in Vietnamese high schools (Vietnam Education Publishing House, Ministry of Education and Training - Vietnam Historical Science Association), author Tran Duc Minh with the topic "Exploiting historical and revolutionary museum materials in teaching history in high schools" emphasized that exploiting historical and revolutionary museum materials to serve history teaching in general and history extracurricular activities in particular is an urgent requirement in innovating history teaching methods, aiming to promote cognitive thinking capacity, positivity, creativity and necessary skills of students, contributing to improving the quality of teaching the subject.

Proceedings of the 2015 Scientific Conference - Can Tho University, authors Pham Ngoc Hoa - To Thi Thanh Thao with the article "Using active teaching methods in teaching history in high schools today" presented the current situation of teaching history in high schools and methods of applying some active teaching methods in teaching history in high schools.

The thesis "Using air defense and air force museums in teaching Vietnamese History (1954-1975) in secondary schools in Hanoi" by Vuong Thi Nga in 2014, Hanoi National University of Education, presented the forms of using museums in in- and extracurricular teaching in History teaching.

Thesis "Using local historical documents in teaching Vietnamese history from 1954 to 1975 at Dong Thap high school" by Pham Xuan

Vu 2015 Hanoi National University of Education has proposed measures and methods of using historical documents in teaching at high schools.

Through studying some documents related to the topic, we found that the authors mentioned the role and significance of museums in teaching History; assessed the current status of using museums in teaching History; identified basic requirements as well as methods for using museums for teaching; methods of using museums in teaching History; extracurricular activities in History... This is a valuable source of material for me to carry out the topic with the desire to contribute to supplementing useful reference materials for teachers and high school students. However, there has not been any work or research project that specifically mentioned the use of the Ho Chi Minh Trail museum in teaching Vietnamese history from 1954 to 1975 in high schools.

3. Research object and scope

3.1. Research subjects

Exploiting and using the Ho Chi Minh trail museum in teaching Vietnamese history from 1954 to 1975, grade 12 - High school.

3.2. Scope of research

- Regarding content: The research of the topic is limited to the history of Vietnam from 1954 to 1975, grade 12 - High school.

- Regarding teaching organization: Focus on internal lessons and extracurricular activities, focusing on internal lessons.

- The scope of the survey and pedagogical experiment was conducted at Tran Hung Dao High School, Quang Trung High School, Le Quy Don High School - Ha Dong - Hanoi.

4. Research purpose and tasks

4.1. Research purpose

On the basis of affirming the role and significance of using museums in general in history teaching, the research topic aims to propose forms of

Organization and measures to exploit and use the Ho Chi Minh trail museum in teaching history for grade 12 to promote students' creative thinking and self-study capacity, innovate teaching organization forms, and contribute to improving the quality of history teaching in high schools today.

4.2. Research tasks

- Theoretical research on the exploitation and use of museums in teaching Vietnamese history in high schools.

- Research the content of the 12th grade textbook program on Vietnamese History from 1954 to 1975, historical documents at the Ho Chi Minh Trail Museum and determine the content that needs to be exploited and used in teaching Vietnamese History for 12th grade.

- Survey the situation of teaching Vietnamese history in grade 12 - High school in some schools in Ha Dong - Hanoi, especially the current situation of exploiting and using museums in general and Ho Chi Minh trail museum in particular in teaching Vietnamese history, thereby discovering the existing difficulties that need to be overcome and the advantages that need to be promoted.

- Propose measures to use the Ho Chi Minh trail museum in teaching Vietnamese history for grade 12 in high schools.

- Pedagogical experiments on the above forms and measures serve as a basis for drawing scientific conclusions and recommendations to effectively exploit and use the Ho Chi Minh Trail Museum in teaching national history.

5. Research hypothesis

If teachers know how to exploit and use the Ho Chi Minh trail museum appropriately according to the forms and measures proposed in the research topic, it will contribute to improving the effectiveness of history lessons, contributing to innovating the form of teaching organization and history teaching methods in high schools.

6. Research methods

6.1. Methodological basis

The methodological basis of the thesis is based on the viewpoints of Marxism-Leninism, Ho Chi Minh thought and the viewpoints and guidelines of our Party and State on education, educational research, historical and cultural research, on the exploitation and use of museums in teaching Vietnamese history.

6.2 . Research methods

The topic mainly uses the following research methods of educational science:

- Theoretical research method: Reading, analyzing, synthesizing documents, Party documents, psychology, pedagogy, subject teaching theory on the issue of using museums in teaching history in high schools and museum artifacts. Reading documents on the Ho Chi Minh Trail Museum, researching history curriculum and textbooks (grade 12, period 1954 - 1975) and other related documents.

- Practical research method:

+ Interview and investigate the current situation of exploiting and using museums in teaching history in general and exploiting and using the Ho Chi Minh Trail museum in teaching Vietnamese history (period 1954 - 1975) in particular.

+Pedagogical experiments on forms of measures, using the Ho Chi Minh trail museum in teaching Vietnamese history to grade 12 to demonstrate the correctness and feasibility of the proposed pedagogical measures.

7. Expected contribution of the thesis

- Affirm the role, meaning and importance of using the Ho Chi Minh Trail Museum in teaching Vietnamese history from 1954 to 1975.

- Assess the current status of using Ho Chi Minh trail museum in history teaching in high schools.

- Propose some measures to effectively use the Ho Chi Minh Trail Museum in teaching Vietnamese history from 1954 to 1975 in high schools.