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Tourist participation in protecting the natural environment at Sa Pa tourist area, Lao Cai province - 1


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NGUYEN VIET ANH


Tourist participation in protecting the natural environment at Sa Pa tourist area, Lao Cai province - 1

TOURIST PARTICIPATION IN PROTECTING THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT AT SA PA TOURIST AREA, LAO CAI PROVINCE


MASTER'S THESIS IN SOCIOLOGY

CODE: 831 03 01


SCIENTIFIC INSTRUCTOR: ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR, DR. DO THI VAN ANH


HANOI, 2021

COMMITMENT

I hereby certify that the Master's thesis "Tourists' participation in protecting the natural environment at Sa Pa tourist area, Lao Cai province" is an independent research work conducted by the author under the guidance of Associate Professor, Dr. Do Thi Van Anh . The thesis has not been published in any research work. The data and content presented in the thesis are honest, have clear origin, are valid and ensure compliance with regulations on intellectual property protection.

I am responsible for the entire content of this master's thesis.

Author


Nguyen Viet Anh

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

In fact, there is no success without support, help, little or much, whether directly or indirectly, from others. During the time from the beginning of studying at school until now, I have received a lot of help from teachers, family and friends.

To complete this thesis, besides my own efforts, I have received great encouragement and support from many individuals and groups. First of all, I would like to express my sincere thanks to the teachers in the Faculty of Sociology, the Faculty of Postgraduate Studies and the Board of Directors of the Trade Union University for providing me with a favorable learning and research environment during the past two years of study and research.

I would like to express my sincere gratitude to Associate Professor, Dr. Do Thi Van Anh - Trade Union University for her enthusiastic guidance, help and advice during my thesis.

I would also like to express my gratitude to the People's Committee of Sa Pa town, the Department of Natural Resources and Environment of Sa Pa town for creating favorable conditions to provide me with useful reports and documents for me to carry out this thesis. I would also like to thank the Party Committee, the Board of Directors, and the leaders of the Administration and General Department of Thai Nguyen University Branch in Lao Cai province where I am working for creating the best favorable conditions for me to participate in studying and completing my master's thesis.

Finally, I would like to express my gratitude to my relatives, family, friends, and colleagues who have always encouraged and created favorable conditions for me to complete this thesis.

Thank you very much!

INDEX

Commitment Acknowledgements Table of Contents

List of abbreviations List of tables and charts

INTRODUCTION 1

1. Urgency of the topic 1

2. Overview of research problem 3

3. Research purpose and tasks 8

4. Subject, object and scope of research 9

5. Research methods 9

6. Scientific and practical significance 11

7. Research Questions, Research Hypotheses 12

8. Theoretical framework 12

9. Structure of the thesis 13

Chapter 1. THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL BASIS OF TOURIST PARTICIPATION IN PROTECTING THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT 14

1.1. Tool concepts 14

1.1.1. Concept of participation 14

1.1.2. Concept of tourist 16

1.1.3. Concept of natural environment 16

1.1.4. Concept of environmental protection 17

1.1.5. The concept of tourist participation in protecting the natural environment 18

1.2. Theories applied in research 19

1.2.1. Social action theory 19

1.2.2. Symbolic interaction theory 20

1.3. Characteristics of the research area 22

1.3.1. Characteristics of natural conditions 22

1.3.2. Characteristics of tourism and environment 24

Chapter 1 Summary 29

Chapter 2. CURRENT STATE OF TOURISTS PARTICIPATING IN PROTECTING THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT AT SAPA – LAO CAI TOURIST AREA 30

2.1. Current level of awareness and attitude of tourists towards environmental protection 30

2.1.1. Tourists' awareness level of environmental pollution caused by tourism 30

2.1.2. Attitudes and awareness of environmental pollution behavior 35

2.1.3. Level of understanding of the importance of protecting the natural environment 39

2.1.4. Awareness of the role and significance of protecting the natural environment 42

2.1.5. Awareness of the state's environmental protection policy 45

2.2. Situation of tourists participating in environmental protection in SaPa - Lao Cai 47

2.2.1. Direct activities 47

2.2.2. Indirect activities 54

Chapter 2 Summary 58

Chapter 3. FACTORS AFFECTING TOURISTS' PARTICIPATION IN PROTECTING THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT AT SA PA TOURIST AREA - LAO CAI 58

3.1. Factors from the state and local authorities 59

3.2. Factors from travel companies 63

3.3. Factors from tourists 66

3.3.1. Education level 66

3.3.2. Age 73

3.3.3. Occupation 79

3.3.4. Gender 81

Summary of chapter 3 85

CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 86

LIST OF REFERENCES 91

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1.1: Number of tourists in Sa Pa in the period 2010-2019 27

Table 2.1: Level of awareness of the impact of tourism on the natural environment by gender 31

Table 2.2: Level of awareness of the impact of tourism on the natural environment by education level 33

Table 2.3: Level of awareness of the impact of tourism on the natural environment by age 34

Table 2.4: Level of awareness of the impact of tourism on the natural environment by occupation 35

Table 2.5: Assessment of the importance of sharing environmental protection information on social networking sites by age 41

Table 2.6: Tourists' level of understanding of the state's tourism development policy associated with ecotourism development on factor 46

Table 3.1: Level of participation in waste collection activities of tourists in Sa Pa based on educational level 68

Table 3.2: Level of participation in littering activities of tourists in Sa Pa based on age factor 69

Table 3.3: Level of participation in using environmentally friendly products during tourism in Sa Pa by tourists on factor 70

Table 3.4: Level of participation in using environmentally friendly means of transport during tourism in Sa Pa by tourists based on educational level 71

Table 3.5: Level of participation of tourists in environmental protection propaganda for other tourists based on educational level 72

Table 3.6: Level of participation in waste collection activities of tourists in Sa Pa based on age factor 73

Table 3.7: Level of participation in littering activities of tourists in Sa Pa based on age factor 74

Table 3.8: Level of participation in using environmentally friendly products during tourism in Sa Pa by tourists based on age factor.. 75

Table 3.9: Level of participation in using environmentally friendly means of transport during tourism in Sa Pa by age factor 76

Table 3.10. Level of participation in environmental protection propaganda for other tourists by age factor 77

Table 3.11: Level of participation in sharing information about environmental protection on social networking sites of tourists in Sa Pa 78

Table 3.12: Level of participation in littering activities of tourists in Sa Pa based on occupational factors 79

Table 3.13: Level of participation in using environmentally friendly products during tourism in Sa Pa by tourists based on occupational factors 80

Table 3.14: Level of participation in using environmentally friendly means of transport during tourism in Sa Pa of tourists 82

LIST OF TABLES


Chart 2.1: Survey results on the level of awareness of the impact of tourism on the natural environment 30

Chart 2.2: Level of impact of environmental pollution behaviors (%)36 Chart 2.3: Survey results on tourists' attitudes towards environmental pollution behaviors (%)36

environmental pollution behavior 37

Chart 2.4: Survey results on tourists' attitudes towards using environmentally unfriendly products. 38

Chart 2.5: Survey results on tourists' awareness of environmental protection activities 39

Figure 2.6: Survey results on tourists' awareness of the importance of sharing environmental protection information on social networks 40

Chart 2.7: Survey results on tourists' awareness of the role and significance of protecting the natural environment for tourism development 43

Figure 2.8. Tourists' level of understanding of the state's environmental protection policies 45

Chart 2.9: Survey results on the participation of tourists in waste collection activities at Sa Pa Tourist Area 48

Chart 2.10: Survey results on the situation of tourists participating in the activity of throwing waste in the right place at Sa Pa Tourist Area .. 49

Chart 2.11: Survey results on the situation of tourists participating in using environmentally friendly products at Sa Pa Tourist Area. 50

Chart 2.12: Survey results on the use of environmentally friendly means of transport (bicycles, electric cars, walking) at Sa Pa Tourist Area by tourists 51

Chart 2.13: Survey results on the participation of tourists in cleaning up tourist areas at Sa Pa Tourist Area 53

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