Home / Tourism

Tourism Geography Part 1 - Hanoi College of Tourism - 2

COURSE COURSE COURSE

Subject name: TOURISM GEOGRAPHY Location and nature of the subject:

- Position: A compulsory subject in the group of basic knowledge in the college training program, Hanoi College of Tourism.

- Nature: This is a theoretical subject combined with practice, discussion, exercises, and evaluation of results in the form of a final exam.

Course objectives:

Maybe you are interested!

- Regarding knowledge: Learners can present basic knowledge about concepts and basic knowledge about tourism resources; Classify and evaluate tourism resources, distribute main types of tourism resources in our country and the world; Understand and evaluate the current status and development trends of Vietnam's tourism industry in the fields of: strategy, development planning, visitors and tourist markets... Analyze the general characteristics, resources and tourism products of Vietnam's tourism regions; Know the general situation of world tourism development and tourism geography of some countries in modern times.

- Regarding skills: Learners are trained in learning methods, self-study and research; Proficient in using tourist maps, drawing and analyzing various types of charts in the subject content; Practice practical connection skills.

Tourism Geography Part 1 - Hanoi College of Tourism - 2

- Regarding autonomy and responsibility: Learners apply the knowledge they have learned into practice; Have correct awareness of the issue of resource exploitation and tourism development.

INTRODUCTION

OBJECTS, TASKS AND RESEARCH METHODS OF TOURISM GEOGRAPHY

0.1. SUBJECTS OF TOURISM GEOGRAPHY

Tourism geography is a relatively young science. In the early 20th century, a number of research works on the geography of recreation appeared. In the works describing the geography of countries and regions, there is a significant amount of information about tourism. The process of forming Tourism geography as a science began in the second half of the 30s of the 20th century.

Since its inception, the research object of Tourism Geography has changed a lot with different concepts and has become increasingly clear and specific.

From the incomplete concepts, it is assumed that the object of Tourism Geography is only to study the relationship between natural resources of the geographical environment with certain types of natural landscapes with the situation and ability to use those resources in the present and the future (M. Milesca, 1963); or Tourism Geography studies the general premises for the formation of tourism flows and their differences according to the territory (C. Petrescu, 1973); gradually the research object of Tourism Geography has been more complete. Tourism Geography focuses mainly on the study of tourism resources and economic activities associated with tourism (Buchovarov, 1975, 1979).

In the era of scientific and technological revolution, the viewpoints permeate many branches of science and of course geography. The research object of Tourism Geography can be understood as follows:

Tourism geography studies the system of tourism territories, discovers the laws of its formation and development at all types and levels; forecasts and proposes measures for the system to operate optimally.

The tourism territorial system - the research object of Tourism Geography, is a system consisting of many components that have very close relationships with each other. According to II Pirozhenko (1985), the tourism territorial system is a socio-geographical system consisting of 5 components: tourists; tourism resources; infrastructure and technical facilities serving tourism; service staff; and control agencies.

- Tourist subsystem: is the central subsystem, which determines the requirements for other components of the system depending on the characteristics (social, demographic, ethnic, etc.) of tourists. This subsystem is characterized by the structure, demand volume, seasonality, selectivity and diversity of tourist flows.

- The overall natural, historical and cultural subsystem participates in this system as a resource and condition for satisfying the needs of rest and tourism. This subsystem is characterized by reliability, capacity, stability and attractiveness.

- The technical infrastructure subsystem ensures the normal life of tourists (eating, accommodation, travel, etc.) and special entertainment needs (medical treatment, scientific research, etc.). The entire technical infrastructure is one of the prerequisites for the operation of the entire system.

- The service staff subsystem fulfills the function of serving customers and ensuring the normal operation of the entire system. The characteristics of this subsystem are the quantity, professional qualifications of the staff and the level of ensuring the labor force.

- The control subsystem is responsible for keeping the entire system and each subsystem operating optimally.

0.2. TASKS OF GEOGRAPHY AND TOURISM RESOURCES

1. Comprehensive study of all types of tourism resources, their territorial combination and determination of the basic directions of exploitation of these resources.

2. Research tourism demand depending on the social characteristics of the population and provide territorial differentiation indicators on infrastructure structure and technical facilities serving tourism. Based on tourism demand and inherent resources of the territory, calculate to build appropriate infrastructure and technical facilities serving tourism.

3. Determine the optimal territorial structure of the tourist area, including:

- The production and technical structure of the tourism territorial system is suitable for tourism needs and resources.

- Relationships between the tourism territorial system and other systems.

- The control organization system is built on the basis of tourism zoning, reflecting territorial differences in tourism needs, resources and division of labor in the tourism territorial system.

0.3. RESEARCH METHODS

1. System approach and analysis

The system of tourism territory as a whole territorial formation has a choice of certain social functions. One of the important functions is to restore people's health, physical and mental strength. The system of tourism territory

is made up of many different subsystems: tourists; tourism resources; infrastructure and technical facilities serving tourism; service staff; and control agency.

Thus, the tourism territorial system has a synthetic character with the diversity and complexity of relationships, social functions, development conditions and factors, and territorial organizational forms. The use of a systemic approach allows to search for and present models of the research object, collect and analyze initial information, propose appropriate indicators, and determine the optimal structure of the tourism territorial system. System analysis also aims to study the internal operating mechanism of the tourism territorial system in the process of interaction between its components, as well as its external activities and interactions with the surrounding environment.

2. Field research method

Is a method of geography, widely used in tourism geography to accumulate factual documents on the formation, development and characteristics of the organization of tourist territories. In many cases it is the only method to obtain a reliable amount of information and build a data bank for other methods of analysis.

3. Map method

This method is also a traditional method of geography, associated with the study of tourism geography. Maps not only reflect the spatial characteristics of resources and technical facilities serving tourism, but also serve as a basis for receiving new information and outlining the regularity of the entire system. The systematic nature of the object that tourism geography studies requires the use of map models and the combined analysis of map series.

4. Mathematical analysis method

This method brings clear results for the study of the tourism territorial system in the current conditions. With a huge amount of information thanks to electronic computers, the time for processing documents has been shortened, especially with complex documents. The sample statistical method is used to study the ability to select in tourism. The correlation analysis method aims to determine the synthesis of factors and their influence on the formation of the tourism territorial system.

5. Sociological methods

It is important in tourism geography research because of the social nature of the research object. The most common methods are direct or indirect consultation through questionnaires, personal observation methods, and document research.

6. Comparison method

It is a set of calculation methods to analyze, plan, and forecast the development of the tourism territory system, paying attention to the volume, structure of demand, resources, and capacity of technical facilities serving tourism. This method can also be used to calculate the income level of residents and their expenses for tourism activities, ensure labor resources, determine the necessary scale of tourism territories, and optimize tourism flows between tourism areas.


PART ONE: TOURISM RESOURCES

CHAPTER 1

TOURISM RESOURCES

Target:


After completing this chapter, students will be able to:

- State the basic concepts of Tourism Resources.

- State the meaning and role of tourism resources.

- Identify and analyze the characteristics of tourism resources.

- Present the contents of concepts and principles of sustainable tourism development.

- Contact with practical characteristics of Vietnam's tourism resources


Content:

This chapter deals with the following issues:

- Concept of tourism resources.

- Meaning, role and characteristics of tourism resources.

- Characteristics of tourism resources

- Sustainable tourism development.


1.1 Concept of Tourism Resources

1.1.1 Concept of resources

Resources in a broad sense include all sources of energy, raw materials, and information on earth and in related space that humans can use to serve their lives and development.

From the formation, resources are divided into two types: Natural resources associated with natural factors and cultural resources associated with human and social factors.

Based on the ability to regenerate, resources are divided into renewable resources and non-renewable resources:

Renewable resources are resources that can be maintained or replenished continuously if exploited and managed well, such as: solar energy, wind, water, organisms, land...

Non-renewable resources exist in a limited way, will be lost or completely transformed, no longer retain their original properties after the exploitation and use process. Most fuels, minerals, genetic information has been transformed ... are non-renewable resources.

1.1.2 Concept of tourism resources

Tourism resources are natural landscapes, natural elements, historical and cultural relics, creative works of human labor and other human values ​​that can be used to satisfy tourism needs, and are the basic factors for forming tourist areas, tourist spots, tourist routes and tourist cities. (Tourism Law, 2005)

Thus, tourism resources are a special form of resources in general, including two forms: natural tourism resources and human tourism resources. The concept of tourism resources is always associated with the concept of tourism, tourism resources are considered as a premise for tourism development. In fact, the more abundant and unique the tourism resources are, the higher the attractiveness and efficiency of tourism activities.

Tourism resources include objects and phenomena inherent in the natural environment or created by humans in the process of historical, cultural, economic and social development. They always exist, associated with the natural environment and the specific social environment of each locality and each country, creating unique features for each locality and each country. When these elements are discovered, exploited and used for tourism development purposes, they become tourism resources. For example, Cuc Phuong primeval forest is the first national park in our country (in 1966). Since that time, when the biodiversity of the national park was exploited for tourism purposes, this primeval forest has become a unique tourism resource, a highly attractive tourist destination for domestic and international tourists. In 1993, Thien Cung Cave - a pristine, magical limestone cave in Ha Long Bay - was discovered, exploited, used and became a new attractive tourist destination, increasing the value of the tourism resources of this famous tourist area...

Tourism resources include exploited tourism resources and unexploited tourism resources.

The level of exploitation of tourism resource potential depends on:

- Ability to research, discover and evaluate inherent and latent resource potential.

- The need to develop tourism products to satisfy the needs of tourists. These needs are increasingly large and diverse, depending on the standard of living and the level of education. For example: in the 60s, sea tourism in our country was mainly swimming and relaxing, but today sea tourism products are more diverse, including swimming, surfing, rowing, diving to visit marine ecosystems...

- The level of development of science and technology has created conditions and means to exploit resource potentials. For example, thanks to specialized submarines, tourists can easily visit and explore the wonders of the ocean...

Thus, like other types of resources, tourism resources are a historical category with an ever-expanding trend. This expansion depends more or less on the requirements of tourism development, on scientific and technological advances, on investment, on human initiatives and interests.

Besides the resources that have been and are being exploited, many types of resources still exist in potential form due to:

- Not fully researched, investigated and evaluated.

- No need to exploit yet.

- The uniqueness of the resources is low and does not meet the necessary standards to exploit and form tourism products.

- Access conditions or means of exploitation are limited, so exploitation is not possible or difficult.

- Not enough investment capacity to exploit.

In fact, in our country, many historical, cultural and revolutionary relics, although ranked, have not been exploited for tourism purposes. Many primeval forests with high biodiversity, many beautiful beaches in the Central region, many attractive festivals, etc. still exist as tourism potential because there are not enough conditions to exploit them for use.

On the contrary, tourism resources can also be deformed or lost and no longer be able to serve tourism due to many different reasons such as natural disasters, wars or due to human exploitation and usage. In particular, environmental pollution, climate change and over-exploitation of resources are taking place very complicatedly and have had and are having negative impacts on resources and the environment in general.

Comment


Agree Privacy Policy *