Theoretical Basis and International Experience on Ensuring Social Security Associated with Economic Growth

related sectors, data published from the Statistical Yearbook of the General Statistics Office, publications and reports of international organizations in Vietnam such as the World Bank (WB), Asian Development Bank (ADB), International Monetary Fund (IMF), and other organizations... to cite and analyze , focusing on considering the issue from

policy review perspective, assessment of the current status of ensuring social securityassociated with economic growth

Vietnam in recent times.

- The thesis also uses expert methods, which are exchanges and consultations with experts and managers specializing in the field of social security, and researchers in the field of economic growth and development.

5. Thesis contributions

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The thesis has the following main contributions:

- Systematize and contribute to clarifying the relationship between ensuring social security and economic security .

of cohesion

- Clarify the content of ensuring social security associated with economic growth, point out some basic factors and criteria for evaluating ensuring social security associated with economic growth.

- Objectively assess the current status of ensuring social security associated with economic integration in Vietnam in recent times, find out the shortcomings, defects and causes.

in work

Linking social security and economic security.

- Propose some feasible solutions to implement the connection between ensuring social security and economic security.

6. Cuckoo layout

Luan 's

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In addition to the introduction, conclusion, references and chapters:

Chapter 1. Overview of research situation

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structure of 4

Chapter 2: Theoretical basis and international experience in ensuring social security associated with economic growth

Chapter 3: Current status of ensuring social security associated with economic growth in Vietnam

Chapter 4: Viewpoints and solutions to ensure social security associated with economic growth

CHAPTER 1: OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH SITUATION

Research on the connection between social security and economic growth plays an important role in sustainable growth and development. Therefore, these two issues have received research attention for a long time from many scientists in the world as well as in Vietnam.

Research works on social security, economic integration, the relationship between economic integration and ensuring social justice and social security are quite abundant both abroad and domestically.

1.1. Research projects abroad

Notable foreign studies on this topic include: "Social security for all" by the International Labor Organization (ILO) published in 2009; "Agenda for social security: challenges for the new congress and the new administration", Social security advisory Board, February 2001; Margaret S.Malone (2001) “Facing reality about social security” (Facing the problems of social security) The CPA Journal; May 2005, Louis Grumet, "Evaluate when to begin collecting social

security benefits" ( Evaluate when starting to save )

choose

Social Security benefits), Practical Tax

Strategies; Apr. 2005, Neal R Vanzante and Ralph B .Fritzsch have made assessments of the ASXH subsidy policy. The article "Social security: an important instrument in the fight against poverty" is posted on www.bmz.de. We Zheng - Political Science and Law Institute,

Shihezi University with the paper "Social Security and Minority Economic Development ".

Author S. Kuznets with the work " Economic growth and income inequality " in 1955 when analyzing the growth models in the past of many developing countries

The development has revealed a trend of the relationship between economic growth and technology .

by society , through the relationship between the growth of gross national product and the

per capita income and inequality in income distribution have a U - shape

reverse. In the period

growth , income distribution

very unequal

and tends to worsen, but to the stage

later will be more equal and tend to

better. On a numerical basis

collect

from all income levels

rich , poor

different over a long period of time, S. Kuznet found that in some poor countries , the level of

inequality in income distribution

low , show

The GINI coefficient is quite small .

( about 0.2 - 0.3). But in richer countries with fairly growing economies ,

more, income

As per capita income increases , the GINI coefficient also increases , not the total.

inequality in income distribution

increase and reach the peak

income

land

average level . Then , when the economyreaches a certain level of growth and income

High ,

special

represents industrialized countries

development , the GINI coefficient tends to decrease .

down, from the inequality also decreases . [ 180 , 1955, pp . 1 - 20 ]

Author A. Lewis, an American economist with the work "Theory of Economic Development" (1955) argued that economic growth must come first , then equity will follow , economic growth will create the premise to implement equity, reduce social inequality through

through social policy/social security . Social inequality is not only the result of

growth is a necessary condition of growth . If equity is promoted ,

society cannot grow fast

. In the priority for growth and

inequality , such as income

ever high

accumulation and investment to promote growth which in itself leads to implementation

social justice

. [ 153, 1955, pp. 1 - 10 ]

Author Harry Oshima, Japanese economist with the “Two-Sector Model”

then it is believed that growth will be accompanied by social equity issues .

. And vice versa, when

social justice

achieved

At some level , it is the premise to promote higher economic growth .

female . This is a causal relationship . [ 161 , 1955, pp. 1 - 10 ]

Author Hu Xiaoyi, editor-in-chief of the book “Towards Harmony: 60 Years of Social Security Development in China” (Labor Security Publishing House, 2009), focused on the issue of perfecting the current social security system, making the Chinese people enjoy benefits in a harmonious way, considering “people’s livelihood as the key”. The book “Sociology with Chinese Society” co-edited by Li Peilin, Ma Rong, and Li Qiang (Chinese Social Science Literature Publishing House, 2008) clearly analyzed China’s social security policies and systems and the corresponding social security system management methods. The work “The Way to Reform China’s Social Management System” by He Zengke (National Academy of Public Administration Publishing House, 2009) analyzed the causes leading to the policy of reforming the social security system, criticized the state of income inequality and

dualistic structure in the distribution of labor products. Ha Tang Khoa believes that China needs to have a social security system that brings balance in benefits to all classes of people from the results of economic growth, and at the same time, there must be a social security network covering all residential areas so that each individual, each household and each community can benefit from the social security fund. [ 163, 2009, pp. 1 - 150 ]

Author Na Byoung Kyun, editor of the book “Social Security Theory” (2007), affirmed that social security is a basic human right and identified the basic principles of social security in Korea. The book “The Rising Korean Economy” by Byung-Nak Song analyzed the relationship between the social security system and the quality of life, the need to improve the quality of social security in the context of the country's improved economic situation. However, Byung-Nak Song also pointed out the lag in some aspects of social security compared to some other countries.

Author Sato, editor of the book “Unemployment and Social Security” (2010), analyzed the shortcomings and loopholes of social security policies when facing economic downturn and increasing unemployment. Sato requested to restructure the social security system to suit economic downturn, with special attention to job creation policies to reduce the unemployment situation that is at risk of increasing.

Going into specific social security issues, author Takeshi published the book “Social Security Reform in the 21st Century - How to Implement the Health and Welfare System” (2001). The author analyzed the situation of rapidly increasing aging population and very low birth rate, the issue of social assistance for the elderly and the social burdens on the economic center and are being placed on the shoulders of the younger generation of Japan. Takeshi also raised the issue of expanding the social security strategy as a solution of great significance to the decline in birth rate and economic recession.

Author Margaret S. Malone edited the book (Agenda for Social Security: Challenges for the new congress and the new administration, Social Security Advisory Board, February 2001). The work presented the basic and key issue of social security is financial policy, including the aspects of contribution and payment. The author gave an example in the US in the coming time, the number of unemployed people will increase, while the number of elderly people living long will also increase.

That means the social welfare issue will increase . It should also be added that,

Margaret S. Malone is very concerned with the issue of social security for people with disabilities . With

This subject is safe from social security income if not taking into account the characteristics.

is the central issue. But changes in economic policy , especially the economic and demographic situation of

It is difficult to avoid injustice and harmonization in the

assistance . As people are unable to work together

like a disabled person but still

can do

one

work

anywhere , all needed

core

annual allowance

Authors Neal R. Vanzante and Ralph B. Fritzsch, editors of the book “Assessing the Beginning of Social Security Benefits (2005), have made assessments of social security benefits policy . These researchers believe that social security benefits are mostly

as set out for income earners

low , but even for low income earners

short

The tax issue of social security benefits must be taken into account, because the tax rate for this benefit is currently unknown .

How much social security subsidy is reasonable? Therefore

, should adjust income

before

How should taxes be set to reconcile the relationship between taxes on subsidies and basic social security subsidies ? [ 175 , 2001, pp. 1 - 60 ]

Authors Neil Gilbert and Paul Terrell edited the book “The Basic Elements of Social Welfare Policy” (2005). This book provides knowledge and findings on issues related to social welfare and a policy analysis framework along with basic factors to improve and innovate the social welfare system. [173, 2005, pp. 1 - 70]

Authors Howard Jacob Karger and David Stoesz, editors of the work “American social welfare policy: a pluralist approach” (2006), presented the results of research on American social welfare policy - a multidimensional approach through the presentation of American social welfare policy with a theoretical framework for policy analysis and prominent issues in American society such as religion, inequality, etc. These policies are considered in the voluntary and social assistance sectors. In particular, the study also focuses on the State sector with the formation and implementation of different policies on many issues such as housing, child care, etc. All of these analyses and assessments are viewed from the world's common perspective on social welfare. [162, 2006, pp. 1 - 120]

1.2. Domestic research projects

1.2.1. General studies on social security

Right in the early years of the renovation process in Vietnam, a number of studies related to the issue of social security, first of all the state-level topic coded KX04.05: "Scientific arguments for the innovation and improvement of social security policies in the conditions of a multi-sector commodity economy with socialist orientation in Vietnam", by the Institute of Labor Science and Social Affairs, under the Ministry of Labor - Invalids and Social Affairs, the agency in charge of the topic. The topic studied forms of social security such as social insurance, health insurance, social assistance (TGXH) in the conditions of a market economy.

In recent years, many articles and research works have been written on issues related to social security policies. The topic KX02.02/06-10: "Scientific basis for building and perfecting the social security policy system in our country in the period of 2006-2015" by Mai Ngoc Cuong has clarified the theory of the social security system and social security policies, pointed out the achievements and shortcomings of the current social security system in our country, thereby proposing viewpoints and solutions to build and perfect the social security policy system in the coming time. This work is a big step forward, converging the research achievements on social security in our country after 20 years of Doi Moi. The topic has comprehensively mentioned theoretical and practical issues on social security in Vietnam. With the social security perspective based on the theory of prevention, overcoming and limiting risks, the topic has analyzed and clarified the concepts and main pillars of social security; Assessing the social security system in Vietnam from 1986 to 2008; proposing a system of viewpoints and directions for building and perfecting the social security system in Vietnam until 2015, with a vision to 2020. According to the group of authors, the model of the social security system includes the following pillars: One is the system of compulsory and voluntary social insurance, health insurance and unemployment insurance; Two is the system of regular social assistance, emergency social assistance and active social assistance policies (supporting the labor market); Three is community social security. The third pillar is a new point compared to current viewpoints. However, the above-mentioned State-level topics on social security do not mention the issue of social welfare, the relationship between social security and social welfare, as well as with economic development.

Mai Ngoc Anh's PhD thesis: "Social security for farmers in the conditions of

market economy in Vietnam” (2009), analyzed the theoretical framework of social security for 11

with farmers, clarifying the current status of the social security system for Vietnamese farmers, pointing out the achievements, shortcomings and recommendations to improve the social security system for farmers. In which, the author pointed out that in order for farmers to participate in the social security system, the state must provide support; at the same time, the author proposed that this support level is equal to about 50% of the contribution level .

Authors Nguyen Thi Lan Huong, Luu Quang Tuan, Dang Kim Chung... from the Institute of Labor Science and Social Affairs - Ministry of Labor, War Invalids and Social Affairs have conducted a research project with the topic: "Developing the social security system in Vietnam until 2020" (2013). The research consists of 2 parts: Part 1 studies general issues of social security such as the concept of social security, principles of system building and functions of social security, basic social security policies and current social security models. In addition, the group of authors has analyzed in depth the factors affecting the social security system. In part II, the group of authors has researched social security in Vietnam in the period of 2012 - 2020, including 6 basic chapters. Chapter 1, general introduction to social security in Vietnam, including the Party and State's policies on social security, principles, functions, and components of the social security system in Vietnam in the period of 2012 - 2020; development goals of social security in the period of 2012 - 2020. From chapter 2 to chapter 6, the group of authors has analyzed in depth the system of policies such as job creation policy, social insurance policy, social assistance policy, policy to ensure minimum level of basic social services and poverty reduction policy. The success of the study is to systematically highlight the current social security policies in our country including the role, goals, policies and policy orientations in the period of 2012 - 2020.

Author Hoang Chi Bao - Central Theoretical Council has an article: "Social security with stability and sustainable development in Vietnam" (2013). The author analyzed the process of innovation in awareness and theory of social security policy. The innovation process has created a new turning point, changing both awareness and development as well as the development model. In addition, the author also analyzed in depth the difficulties and challenges that need to be overcome to implement social security in the current conditions of market economy, economic integration and sustainable development. Reforming institutions, policies and improving the effectiveness of State management to ensure better and better social security includes specific measures such as: Supplementing and amending old laws, promulgating new laws on social security fields to suit the market economy, economic integration and integration.

international, such as labor and employment laws, unemployment insurance, salary policies, social subsidies, social incentives. Promote the practice of thrift, consider it a national policy, control and handle waste, thoroughly recover huge amounts of money from corruption for the public fund to invest and cover social security needs. There must be especially strict sanctions to implement. Promote transparency and accountability to both prevent corruption and waste and control the effectiveness of investment in social security and the poor. Pay regular attention and prioritize investment in social security for children, women and the elderly, especially in rural areas and particularly difficult areas.

These works have contributed to providing a scientific basis for the construction and improvement of the social security system in general, and social security for farmers in particular, in our country in recent years and are also very good reference materials for researchers and experts in economics and society. However, those research works and articles only mention the most general theoretical and practical issues of the social security policy system. However, up to now, farmers' participation in the voluntary social insurance and health insurance system is still very limited.

Author Mai Ngoc Cuong, editor of the book: "Building and perfecting the social security system in our country in the coming years" (2012) with the approach to social security based on the principle of contribution - benefit including social insurance, health insurance and social security not based on the principle of contribution - benefit but based on the State budget (NSNN) such as regular social security, unexpected social security in a close relationship with economic development.

Author Vu Van Phuc, editor of the book " Social security in Vietnam "

" 2020 " (2012) has collected and selected many articles by authors researching social security and the experiences of countries in ensuring social security.

Author Mac Van Tien is the editor of the book "Social Security and Human Resource Development" (2005). This is a collection of research works and scientific articles from 1993-2004. With more than 100 articles, this work has mentioned many different contents and aspects of social security and human resource development. In particular, many issues show the predictive nature in practice of forming social insurance funds, the issue of forming a social insurance career system..., there are also issues that are being completed such as unemployment insurance, voluntary social insurance,...

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