- Like having many shops in tourist places.
- Commonly used means of transport are: tourist cars, airplanes, trains.
2.6. Russian tourists
2.6.1. General characteristics
Russia's full name is the Russian Federation, located in the North of the European continent, across Eastern Europe and most of northern Asia. With more than 130 ethnic groups, of which the Russian ethnic group accounts for 82% of the population, some other ethnic groups with quite large populations are Ukrainian, Belarusian, Bashkir, Tatar, Cuvas, Moldovan... The majority of Russians follow Orthodox Christianity (a sect of Christianity), a small number follow Islam, Judaism... Russian is the official language in this country, the capital of Russia is Moscow.
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- National character:
+ Russia is a country with a long-standing, rich and unique culture, many beautiful architectural works, and many famous people. Russian people are honest, kind, curious, and close to nature. In general, the Russian personality has many similarities with the Vietnamese, especially in their views on the Fatherland and the Mother.
+ Straightforward, decisive, easy to negotiate, less formal, open, easy to blend in and adapt to the surrounding environment.
+ Russians often express their feelings, making others approachable. They are generous and sincere in relationships. The Russian way of life and thinking is very simple, they are not fussy in communication.
+ Russian names are usually made up of three parts: their own name, their father's name and their surname. Before marriage, women take their husband's surname, while their own name and their father's name do not change. Russian names and forms of address are relatively complicated and depend on each communication situation. In formal cases, middle-aged people need to introduce their full names, when communicating with young people, only their first names are used. Usually, Russians also shake hands when meeting each other, but it is important to note that when shaking hands, gloves must be removed. Close friends often hug and kiss each other to express their feelings when meeting.
+ Russians hate the number 13 and really like the number 7 because they believe that number 7 represents success and happiness.
- Taste and eating habits:
In general, Russians are very simple in their eating habits. Here are some features of their taste.
Surname:
- Avoid eating pigeon meat.
- Likes roasted dishes, dishes that are well-cooked, likes minced meat, baked, fried
I like braised dishes with sauce, not rare dishes.
- Soups often contain meat, eat soup for lunch.
- According to custom, they often treat guests with "bread and salt".
- In cooking, butter and cream are often used. Russians are used to eating fresh milk and fresh cream.
- Get used to eating vegetables (cabbage, tomatoes, cucumbers, potatoes, red beets), salad is often eaten with meatballs. Russians have a very famous salad. In addition, different from the eating habits of other European countries, Russians also have the habit of eating pickled cucumbers and cabbage.
- One of the popular and famous dishes of Russian people is smoked salted fish (mainly salmon, red snapper).
- Russians drink black tea, in large cups, with added sugar and a few slices of lemon, hot.
- Before eating, people often drink Vodka, Cognac, whisky, then drink light wine, after meals they often drink coffee, chocolate, cocoa, fresh or canned fruit. Russians love to drink vodka, especially red vodka.
2.6.2. Characteristics when traveling
- Average and good payment ability.
- Do not demand too much about product and service quality.
- Likes to travel in groups, like to have fun, like to sing and like humor.
- Interested in historical sites, scenic spots and enjoys swimming in the sea. Likes all types of culture and ecology.
2.7. Tourists are Americans
2.7.1. General characteristics
America - United States of America, located in north-central America, bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the east, the Pacific Ocean to the west, Canada to the north, Mexico to the south, mostly Catholic and Catholic and other religions (although the US population following other religions is a small percentage, there are many different religions in the US), the main language is English.
America is a country of immigrants, including: Spanish, Portuguese, British, Dutch, French, German, Italian, Chinese, Indian, Vietnamese... and people of African descent, Native Americans who were the first owners of this land, are now very few (about 5 million people) living in remote areas.
America is a country with diverse natural resources, minerals... and leading economy and science in the world. The tourism industry in America is developing very strongly, every year there are 45 million tourists coming to America and there are about hundreds of millions of Americans traveling abroad.
- National character:
America is a country of immigrants, so American culture is mixed, heterogeneous, but creative and dynamic. The values of American culture include: Individualism, results and success, action - efficiency and practicality, progress - freedom, material sufficiency, comfort, youthfulness... Individualism is the core of American culture. Americans believe in the capacity and "holy morality" of each individual. They believe that the more independent and separate an individual is from society, the more he or she can develop his or her own values and the success of society is thanks to the contribution of each individual.
It is these cultural values that have influenced the American national character. In general, the American character has several characteristics:
+ Americans like to express their “ego”, their personal identity is higher than the community identity. American culture also emphasizes the “ego” of people, emphasizes intelligence, success, and efficiency of practical work.
+ Americans are dynamic, adventurous, pragmatic, simple, value results, and disregard formalities. They evaluate every issue mainly based on the final result.
+ Likes to communicate, have wide relationships, be comfortable and natural. They don't like to listen to much talk, and are allergic to annoying formalities in communication. Because of these things, getting to know Americans is very quick but making lasting friends is very difficult.
+ Americans have the habit of eating and drinking while walking or driving, sitting with their feet on the table, standing with their hands in their pockets, or clasping their hands behind their neck, and their clothes often have many pockets.
+ Because of the emphasis on individualism, Americans often believe that if you want to achieve something, you have to "do it yourself" and to do that, you have to work.
+ Americans spend a lot of time and money on religious beliefs. Most Americans consider religious beliefs to be a completely personal matter (a researcher has made a typical comparison: The French have 3 religions and 300 dishes, while Americans have only 3 dishes and 300 religions). About 60% of Americans follow some religion. Although science and technology are very developed, Americans believe in mystical powers (such as the power of beliefs, theories about the end of the world, or stories about aliens... Christians are very afraid of the number 13).
+ Americans are sexy and comfortable with sex, but men don't want to sleep in the same room.
+ Because America has many different ethnic groups, in addition to the characteristics of those ethnic groups, especially with Asians such as (Vietnamese, Chinese, Japanese, etc.), not only in their ethnic characteristics but also in their eating habits, they are also influenced by their ethnic origins.
- Taste and eating habits:
Americans are not fussy about food, except for holidays or parties (they are not as interested in parties as other ethnic groups), American meals are very simple, they often use simple dishes and fast food.
American food is fried ribs, crab cakes, sandwiches. They like to eat both salty and sweet, especially apples cooked with goose or minced meat. They have very high requirements for food hygiene and safety, they do not have the habit of eating very hot food like Eastern people. Most Americans eat like Europeans (except for Asians who have not been assimilated), when they stop eating, they usually place the knife and fork parallel to the right side of the plate, the tip of the fork facing down. If the tip of the fork is also facing to the left, it means that they have finished their food.
Americans drink a lot and are sophisticated about their drinks, and they often serve them very cold. They often use natural mineral water or sterilized filtered water to quench their thirst.
2.7.2. Characteristics when traveling
The United States is the country that spends the most on tourism in the world, however, tourists are very diverse and rich. There are customers with very high spending ability, generous spending but there are also American customers with low or average spending ability. Therefore, the types and quality of services that American customers consume are also very diverse and rich, with many different levels.
Characteristics of American guests:
- Pay special attention to security and order conditions in tourist destinations.
- The purpose is sightseeing, entertainment, summer vacation, holidays (60%) and business transactions (30%). They like sea tourism, eco-tourism, thematic tourism and research on history, culture - art, traditional festivals of the nation.
- Like to visit many places, many countries in one trip.
- Like to participate in festivals, like to have many entertainment services.
- Favorite means of transport: new model tourist car.
- The trend of family travel is increasing, with middle-aged tourists traveling the most.
When coming to Vietnam, American tourists have the following characteristics:
- In addition to eco-tourism programs, historical research... Americans like to visit old battlefields (in South Vietnam) and like to walk around town and sightsee by cyclo.
- Like to buy souvenirs that are reinforced war relics (like bucket hats, rubber sandals, lighters, canteens...)
- Like Vietnamese, Chinese, Japanese, French food.
2.8. Arab tourists
2.8.1. General characteristics
- National character:
Arabs are concentrated in countries in West Asia, the Middle East, and North Africa such as: Iran, Iraq, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Algeria, Morocco, Libya... most of these countries are naturally blessed with large oil resources.
+ Most Arabs follow Islam (thanks to Allah), they are very religious, absolutely believe and are extremely loyal, strictly follow religious regulations, many are even willing to "die for their religion". Therefore, it is absolutely necessary to avoid mocking or showing a cold attitude towards their customs and practices. It is also because of their religious devotion that religion and feudal rituals have many harsh and barbaric customs and ceremonies (adulterous women, women without husbands who have children are often killed by stoning...). Muslims have their own calendar (2006 is the year 1423 according to Islam), every Saturday is a day dedicated to religion, Muslims are usually not allowed to do anything other than perform religious ceremonies.
teaching:
+ Arabs in particular and Muslims in general often have many religious festivals.
- The month of Ramadan (September) is the month of fasting (or hunger) for believers, until the beginning of
October just ended (according to the Islamic calendar).
- Then comes the festival of sacrifice (Grand Brarin) on December 10 (Islamic calendar, corresponding to around March of the solar calendar) when believers everywhere compete to kill sheep as sacrifices.
- March 12 (Islamic calendar, corresponding to around June of the Gregorian calendar) is the feast of the Nativity of the Prophet (Rabi-Oul Aoual).
- July 27 (Islamic calendar, corresponding to around October of the Gregorian calendar) is the day of the Prophet's ascension (Radjab).
+ Usually living in extended families, "nepotism" has firmly dominated the lives of Arabs. Arabs often want to isolate themselves emotionally from the outside world, not wanting outsiders to interfere in their private matters and their families.
+ There is still the ideology of "preferring men - despising women", unfairly discriminating against women, men have the right to have many wives... According to custom, women often have to wear veils when going out. When interacting with Arabs, do not ask about the health of the women in the family of the person you are talking to, making that mistake is considered as you have offended them. It is necessary to absolutely respect Arab women (it is taboo to molest, flirt, even shake hands with women), and do not praise children in front of their parents, because Arabs believe that this will bring misfortune and risk to children.
+ Arabs are patient and tolerant, but hot-tempered, bold, dry and changeable.
+ They are hospitable, spend freely, are eloquent, and often use idioms and ancient stories in communication. They are often polite, do not like to argue, and do not respond directly to foreigners.
- Taste and eating habits:
+ Most people eat with their hands. When eating, there is usually a basin of water to wash hands while eating. Avoid picking up food with your left hand.
+ Do not drink alcohol, abstain from eating pigeon, pork, other types of meat that are not usually eaten during the fasting month and Muslims are prohibited from drinking alcohol.
+ Arab dishes are usually made from beef, goat, lamb and poultry. They usually eat less
vegetable.
+ When serving food to Arabs, do not arbitrarily give out menus but must inform them.
Through their opinions, Arabs usually only eat dishes according to their traditions and customs.
2.8.2. Characteristics when traveling:
As tourists, Arabs have the following characteristics:
- High payment capacity.
- Like hotels with Arabic architecture, service style and product range.
- Want to respect the religious characteristics, customs and rituals of
me.
- Like to live within the confines of one's own community.
- Like big cities, like ancient relics.
2.9. Tourists are Indians
2.9.1. General characteristics:
The full name of India is the Republic of India, with an area of approximately 2,975,000 square kilometers.
km 2 , located in the South Asian mainland. 85% of India's population is Hindu, 11% is Muslim, a small number is Buddhist and some other religions. India has a very long history, Indian culture is very diverse, unique and has influenced many Asian countries, especially countries in the Southeast Asian region (including Vietnam). In India there are 1600 different languages, of which the official languages are Hindi and English.
Although the number of Indian tourists to Vietnam is currently very small, due to cultural and geographical proximity, the number of Indian tourists to Vietnam will increase in the future.
On the other hand, because Indian culture has influenced many countries in the region, it is also necessary to consider some characteristics of Indian people.
- National character :
+ Indian customs are closely linked to caste and religious rituals; every human action is regulated in detail and strictly. In India, two people of different castes never sit at the same table or do the same work.
+ Indians in general are very religious. During the Kumbla festival, people from all over India make pilgrimages to attend the Ganges River festival in great numbers, up to tens of millions of people. This is a sacred bathing ceremony that people of all social classes perform to seek purity in religious rituals with strong faith.
+ Indians consider cows as sacred animals, peacocks as a good omen, like blue, yellow, purple... and dislike black and purple.
+ Indians greet by clasping their hands together in front of their chest, this way of greeting shows that the person being greeted is in a respectful superior position; two people who know each other on the same level greet by smiling and shaking their heads; avoid greeting by shaking hands with Indian women (if not allowed and not clearly understood), especially men.
+ Indians are very hospitable, quite warm, when making an appointment with an Indian, you can be a few minutes late (Indians believe that being on time will be looked down upon by the host, being late shows that you are worthy of respect).
+ When seeing guests off, the host always lets the guests go first and avoids turning their backs on the guests. When talking, avoid looking directly at the guests' faces.
+ People of the highest class (Balamon) are very afraid of touching leather products (genuine leather tanned from animal skin) such as shoes, belts, cushions... made of leather.
+ Indian women are very fond of jewelry on their ears, neck, wrists, ankles and nostrils. The Sani dress is their main costume, along with the Sanwar - Kamair, which is usually worn with a tunic to cover the chest. Married women always have a mole on their forehead.
+ Men wear a Kurta Pajama or Dhoti (a white cloth wrapped around the waist and then draped over the legs from back to front). Indians take their clothing very seriously.
- Taste and eating habits:
+ The Indian palate is very unique. They like to use spices such as curry powder, chili, black pepper, nutmeg, cloves, raw ginger, garlic, star anise, cinnamon... in cooking, the most popular of which is still curry powder. Curry powder is a spicy, aromatic spice made from more than 20 different spices, it is a fine yellow powder. Most Indian dishes are made with curry, such as curry-coated poultry, curry-coated potatoes...
+ Most people eat with their hands, using their right hand to pick up food and only their right hand (they consider using spoons and forks unhygienic). Food must be brought to the mouth neatly, if it falls on the plate it is considered contaminated and must be thrown away.
+ The dishes are often spicy, very flavorful, and the cakes and candies must be very sweet.
+ Indians also drink tea (black tea mixed with milk, sometimes with a little ginger), it must be very hot when drunk.
2.9.2. Characteristics when traveling:
- Average payment ability, often using average ranked services
quite. me
- Want to respect the religious characteristics, customs and rituals of
- Often confined to their community and interested in shopping;
like to go to big cities famous for their scenery and culture, like ancient relics.
2.10. Tourists are Japanese
2.10.1. General characteristics:
Japan is an island nation located in East Asia, in the Pacific Ocean. The area of Japan is 377,800 km2 , mainly composed of 4 large islands: Hokkaido, Sikoku, Kyusu and Honsu and more than 1000 small islands. The population is mainly the Yamato ethnic group, accounting for over 99% of the population, the rest are Inuit, Korean, Chinese. The main language is Japanese, in addition, in the fields of commerce and tourism, English is used relatively widely, especially in written communication in Chinese for Japanese people. The Japanese mainly follow Buddhism (54% of the population), other popular religions in Japan are Shinto (40% of the population), Christianity (4% of the population). Tokyo is the capital of Japan, the currency of Japan is the Yen (JPY).
Japan is a constitutional monarchy. Despite its reputation as a feudal country, Japan has the world's leading industry and science and technology. Despite its small land area, large population, and limited resources, with the industrious, studious, and creative characteristics of the Japanese people, Japan has become one of the world's leading economic powers. Recently, the number of Japanese tourists to Vietnam has increased, accounting for a large proportion of international tourists to Vietnam.
- National character:
With the above mentioned geographical, historical, economic and political conditions, the Japanese have quite typical personality traits such as:
+ Intelligent, hard-working, wise, cunning and rich. In daily life, Japanese people are polite, well-educated, thoughtful, persistent, disciplined and eager to learn.