Impact of Vietnam's accession to the WTO on import and export activities - 12

CONCLUDE

In short, the positive impacts of WTO accession are conditional, and the negative impacts cannot be completely eliminated. Although international competitiveness in many economic sectors of Vietnam is still weak, while the competitive pressure in the world market is extremely fierce; but this is an opportunity for Vietnamese enterprises to turn that competitive pressure into efforts to improve operational efficiency, consolidate their position in the market, thereby improving their competitiveness.

To achieve the goal of developing an export-oriented economy, the government as well as the Vietnamese business community must seize the opportunity to expand and increase export activities. Currently, Vietnam is still considered a non-market economy, because of the lack of a market economy regime, Vietnam's export products are always at risk of being sued for anti-dumping. Joining the WTO will create favorable conditions for Vietnam to no longer be treated like that, although we will have to go through a transitional period before being considered a market economy.

In the context of integration, the market is expanded and trade barriers are gradually removed, Vietnam should take advantage of promoting import and export activities, increasing market share in large and important markets, and at the same time promoting the search and exploitation of new potential markets. Another thing worth noting is that it is necessary to rapidly increase the export proportion of processed products with high added value, rich in technology content and high competitiveness. At the same time, it is necessary to create more new key and spearhead products, limit and eventually stop exporting raw and unprocessed products; limit and narrow the trade deficit, especially for consumer goods. To successfully implement this requires coordination between all levels, sectors and the entire population.

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• Pre-tax Profit of Bidv Tien Giang in the Period 2011-2015 zt2i3t4l5ee zt2a3gsnon-credit services, joint stock commercial bank zt2a3ge zc2o3n4t5e6n7ts At that time, the Branch had to set aside a provision for credit risks, which reduced the Branch's income. Chart 2.2. Pre-tax profit of BIDV Tien Giang in the period 2011-2015 Unit: Billion VND 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 63.3 80.34 89.29 110.08 131.99 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Profit before tax (Source: Report on the implementation of the annual business plan of the General Planning Department of BIDV Tien Giang [24]) However, through chart 2.2, it can be seen that BIDV Tien Giang's profit is still increasing continuously, and its operating efficiency is currently leaking. This is a contribution of non-credit services, and this service segment will be increasingly focused on growth by BIDV Tien Giang to ensure the highest profit safety because credit activities have many potential risks. At the same time, focusing on developing non-credit services is consistent with one of the contents of restructuring the financial activities of credit institutions in the project "Restructuring the system of credit institutions in the period 2011-2015" approved by the Prime Minister in Decision No. 254/QD-TTg dated March 1, 2012 [14]: "Gradually shifting the business model of commercial banks towards reducing dependence on credit activities and increasing income from non-credit services". 2.2. Current status of non-credit service development at BIDV Tien Giang. 2.2.1. BIDV Tien Giang has deployed the development of non-credit services in recent times. Along with the development of the Head Office, BIDV Tien Giang's products and services are constantly improved and deployed in a diverse manner to ensure provision for many different customer groups in the area: individual customers, corporate customers, and financial institutions. Typical services are as follows: Payment services, treasury services, guarantee services, card services, trade finance, other services: Western Union, insurance commissions, consulting services, foreign exchange derivatives trading, e-banking services,... 2.2.1.1. Payment services: In accordance with the Prime Minister's Project to promote non-cash payments in Vietnam [15], banks in Tien Giang province have continuously developed payment services to reduce customers' cash usage habits through card services and electronic banking services such as: salary payment through accounts, focusing on developing card acceptance points, developing multi-purpose cards, paying social insurance by transfer, paying bills through banks, etc. Chart 2.3. Net income from payment services in the period 2011-2015 Unit: Million VND 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 0 3922 4065 4720 5084 5324 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Net income from payment services (Source: Report on the implementation of the annual business plan of the General Planning Department of BIDV Tien Giang [24]) Along with the technological development of the entire system, BIDV Tien Giang has a payment system with a fairly stable transaction processing speed, bringing many conveniences to customers. The results of observing chart 2.3 show that the income from payment services that the Branch has achieved has grown over the years but the speed is not high and the products are not outstanding compared to other banks. Domestic payment products such as: Online bill payment, electricity bills, water bills, insurance premiums, cable TV bills, telecommunications fees, airline tickets, etc. bring many conveniences to customers. Regarding international payment, this is an indispensable activity for foreign economic activities, BIDV Tien Giang is providing international payment methods for small enterprises producing agriculture, aquatic food and seafood that have credit relationships with banks in industrial parks in Tien Giang province such as: money transfer, collection, L/C payment. 2.2.1.2. Treasury services: BIDV Tien Giang always focuses on ensuring treasury safety and currency security, always complies with legal regulations, and minimizes risks in operations such as: counting and collecting money from customers, receiving and delivering internal transactions, collecting from the State Bank (SBV) or other credit institutions, receiving ATM funds, bundling money, etc. BIDV Tien Giang's treasury service management department is always fully equipped with modern machinery and equipment such as: money transport vehicles, fire prevention tools, money counters, money detectors, magnifying glasses, etc. to ensure absolute safety in treasury operations, immediately identifying real and fake money and other risks that may affect people and assets of the bank and customers. In addition, implementing regulation 2480/QC dated October 28, 2008 between the State Bank of Tien Giang province and the Provincial Police on coordination in the fight against counterfeit money, in the 3-year review of implementation, BIDV Tien Giang discovered, seized and submitted to the State Bank of Tien Giang province 475 banknotes of various denominations and was commended by the Provincial Police and the State Bank of Tien Giang province [17]. Chart 2.4. Net income from treasury services in the period 2011-2015 Unit: Million VND 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 105 122 309 289 279 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Net income from treasury services (Source: Report on the implementation of the annual business plan of the General Planning Department of BIDV Tien Giang [24]) However, as shown in Figure 2.4, income from treasury operations is not high and fluctuates. Specifically, in the period 2011-2013, net income increased and increased most sharply in 2013, then in the period 2013-2015, there was a downward trend. This fluctuation is due to the fact that fees collected from treasury services are often very low and can even be waived to attract customers to use other services. 2.2.1.3. Guarantee and trade finance services: BIDV Tien Giang, thanks to the advantages of the province and the favorable location of the Branch, has continuously focused on developing income from guarantee services and trade finance. Chart 2.5. Net income from guarantee and trade finance services in the period 2011-2015 Unit: Million VND 14000 12000 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 0 5193 5695 2742 3420 8889 3992 11604 12206 5143 5312 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Net income from guarantee services Net income from Trade Finance (Source: Report on the implementation of the annual business plan of the General Planning Department of BIDV Tien Giang [24]) Through chart 2.5, we can see that BIDV Tien Giang's income from guarantee services and trade finance has grown over the years. The reason is: Among BIDV Tien Giang's corporate customers, the construction industry is the industry with the highest proportion of customers after the trading industry, this is a group of customers with potential to develop guarantee services. The second group of customers is corporate customers in the fields of agricultural production, livestock and seafood processing with high import and export turnover in the area. are the target of trade finance development. In addition, BIDV Tien Giang also focuses on continuously developing these customer groups to increase revenue for many other products and services in the future. 2.2.1.4. Card and POS services: As a service that BIDV Tien Giang has recently developed strongly, it can be said that this is a very potential market and has the ability to develop even more strongly in the future. Card services with outstanding advantages such as fast payment time, wide payment range, quite safe, effective and suitable for the integration trend and the Project to promote non-cash payments in Vietnam. Cards have become a modern and popular payment tool. BIDV Tien Giang early identified that developing card services is to expand the market to people in society, create capital mobilized from card-opened accounts, contribute to diversifying banking activities, enhance the image of the bank, bring the BIDV Tien Giang brand to people as quickly and easily as possible. BIDV Tien Giang is currently providing card types such as: credit cards (BIDV MasterCard Platinum, BIDV Visa Gold Precious, BIDV Visa Manchester United, BIDV Visa Classic), international debit cards (BIDV Ready Card, BIDV Manu Debit Card), domestic debit cards (BIDV Harmony Card, BIDV eTrans Card, BIDV Moving Card, BIDV-Lingo Co-branded Card, BIDV-Co.opmart Co-branded Card). These cards can be paid via POS/EDC or on the ATM system. In addition, with debit cards, customers can not only withdraw money via ATMs but also perform utilities such as mobile top-up, online payment, money transfer,... through electronic banking services. In order to attract customers with card services, BIDV Tien Giang has continuously increased the installation of ATMs. As of December 31, 2015, BIDV Tien Giang has 23 ATMs combined with 7 ATMs in the same system of BIDV My Tho, so the number of ATMs is quite large, especially in the center of My Tho City, but is not yet fully present in the districts. Basic services on ATMs such as withdrawing money, checking balances, printing short statements,... BIDV ATMs accept cards from banks in the system. Banknetvn and Smartlink, cards branded by international card organizations Union Pay (CUP), VISA, MasterCard and cards of banks in the Asian Payment Network. From here, cardholders can make bill payments for themselves or others at ATMs, by simply entering the subscriber number or customer code, booking code that service providers notify and make bill payments. Chart 2.6. Net income from card services in the period 2011-2015 Unit: Million VND 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 687 1023 1547 2267 3104 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Net income from card services (Source: Report on the implementation of the annual business plan of the General Planning Department of BIDV Tien Giang [24]) Through chart 2.6, it can be seen that BIDV Tien Giang's card service income is constantly growing because the Branch focuses on developing businesses operating in industrial parks, which are the source of customers for salary payment products, ATMs, BSMS. Specifically, there are companies such as Freeview, Quang Viet, Dai Thanh, which are businesses with a large number of card openings at the Branch, contributing to the increase in card service fees [25]. Table 2.6. Number of ATMs and POS machines in 2015 of some banks in Tien Giang area. Unit: Machine STT Bank name Number of ATMs Cumulative number of ATM cards POS machine 1 BIDV Tien Giang 23 97,095 22 2 BIDV My Tho 7 21,325 0 3 Agribank Tien Giang 29 115,743 77 4 Vietinbank Tien Giang 16 100,052 54 5 Dong A Tien Giang 26 97,536 11 6 Sacombank Tien Giang 24 88,513 27 7 Vietcombank Tien Giang 15 61,607 96 8 Vietinbank - Tay Tien Giang Branch 6 46,042 38 (Source: 2015 Banking Activity Data Report of the General and Internal Control Department of the Provincial State Bank [21]) Through table 2.6, the author finds that the number of ATMs of BIDV Tien Giang is not much, ranking fourth after Agribank Tien Giang, Dong A Tien Giang, Sacombank Tien Giang. The number of POS machines of BIDV Tien Giang is very small, only higher than Dong A Tien Giang and BIDV My Tho in the initial stages of merging the BIDV system. Besides, BIDV Tien Giang has a high number of cards increasing over the years (table 2.7) but the cumulative number of cards issued up to December 31, 2015 is still relatively low compared to Agribank, Vietcombank, Dong A (table 2.6). div.maincontent .content_head3 { color: black; font-family:"Times New Roman", serif; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; font-size: 14pt; } div.maincontent .p { color: black; font-family:"Times New Roman", serif; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; font-size: 14pt; margin:0pt; } div.maincontent p { color: black; font-family:"Times New Roman", serif; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; font-size: 14pt; margin:0pt; } div.maincontent .s1 { color: black; font-family:"Courier New", monospace; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; font-size: 14pt; } div.maincontent .s2 { color: black; font-family:"Times New Roman", serif; font-style: italic; font-weight: normal; 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• Proposed Solutions to Limit the Negative Impact of the Crisis on Import-Export Activities
• Import-export and investment activities at Vietnam Paper Corporation in recent years - Current situation and solutions - 14

On the other hand, we must also clearly recognize the challenges and negative impacts brought about by integration, especially learning from the experiences of leading countries to avoid following in their footsteps.

The above are studies on the impact of Vietnam's accession to the WTO on import and export activities. During the implementation of the topic, due to limitations in theoretical knowledge and difficulties in collecting documents, the analysis and evaluation may not be very profound and comprehensive. However, with this topic, we hope to help readers have an overview of the impact of the WTO on the Vietnamese economy in general and import and export activities in particular.

Types of books

REFERENCES

1. Bui Xuan Luu, Nguyen Huu Khai (2006), Foreign Trade Economics Textbook , Foreign Trade University

2. Nguyen Huu Khai (editor) (2007), Import management, mechanisms, policies and measures , Statistical Publishing House

3. Vo Dai Luoc (editor) (2006), China after joining the WTO, successes and challenges , The Gioi Publishing House

4. Tran Thanh Hai (2006), Questions and answers about WTO , Multilateral Trade Support Project

5. Nguyen Van Thuong, Nguyen Ke Tuan (2006), Vietnam's economy in 2005: on the threshold of the World Trade Organization , National Economics University

6. Vietnam joins the World Trade Organization: opportunities and challenges

(2006), Labor Publishing House

7. WTO - basic rules (2006), Labor Publishing House

8. Vietnam joins the World Trade Organization - things to know

(2006), Labor Publishing House

Types of magazines

1. Foreign Economic Journal - No. 22 & 23 (2007); 20 & 18 (2006)

2. Trade Magazine - No. 23/2007

3. Numbers and facts - numbers T9/2007; 2+3/2007; 6/2007

4. Economy and Forecast - No. 398 (June 2006)

5. Economy and Development - No. 121 (July 2007)

6. World economic issues - 6(122) (June 2006)

7. Economic and political issues - 6(134) (June 2007)

8. Foreign Trade - No. 26

Websites:

1. http://www.dddn.com.vn/Desktop.aspx/TinTuc/Tintuc- Sukien/Co_hoi_va_thach_thuc_cua_doanh_nghiep_sau_khi_gia_nhap_WTO

2. http://irv.moi.gov.vn/sodauthang/sukienvande/2005/6/14557.ttvn

3. http://www.mof.gov.vn/Default.aspx?tabid=612&ItemID=46090

4. http://www.mofa.gov.vn/vi/nr040807104143/nr040807105001/ns0611081

42558

5. http://nciec.gov.vn/index.nciec?1368

6. http://thongtindubao.gov.vn/Default.aspx?mod=News&cat=88&nid=1388

7. http://www.thongtinthuongmaivietnam.com.vn/IWINews.aspx?CatalogID

=2032&ID=58180

8. http://www.vneconomy.vn/?home=detail&page=category&cat_name=10& id=73a965546f9c86

9. http://www.ciem.org.vn/home/vn/home/InfoDetail.jsp?area=1&cat=138&I D=43910.http://www.saigonnews.vn/sncdetailnews.aspx?Item=13722&Kind=20611.http://www.saigontimes.com.vn/tbktsg/?baocu=79512.http://www.tbtvn.org/default.asp?action=article&ID=67213.http://www.ven.org.vn/Vietnamese/?news=138914. http://vietnamgateway.org:100/vietnamese/khoa_hoc_cn_mt/ung_dung_cntt/news_page.dot?inode=29311

15.http://www.worldbank.org.vn/16.http://www.baothuongmai.com.vn/article.aspx?article_id=29873