Evaluation Indicators of Some Levels in Provincial Tourism Territorial Organization from the Perspective of Sustainable Development

Besides, the sign to evaluate the sustainability of tourism activities can be considered through the level of contribution to the state budget of the tourism industry.

- Tourist indicators : From the perspective of normal tourism development, people are often only interested in the number of visitors. However, when tourism develops, especially from the perspective of sustainable development, indicators of length of stay, spending ability, satisfaction level and return rate to a country, region or tourist destination of visitors are more interested and appreciated.

- In terms of economic efficiency, compared to having many visitors but short stay and low spending, having few visitors but longer stay and higher spending brings higher efficiency. Because this allows to ensure the growth of tourism revenue while limiting the cost of serving a larger number of visitors and limiting the impact on the environment.

- The number (rate) of visitors returning to a country, region or tourist area or destination is one of the measures of the quality of tourism products of that country, region, area or destination. The results of the research analysis only

This number will contribute significantly to forecasting the development trend of tourist flow and help build tourism products that meet customer needs.

Tourist satisfaction is a mirror reflecting the quality of tourism products, service quality, and labor quality, in addition to favorable objective conditions such as weather, political security, etc. Moreover, the level of tourist satisfaction will be an important factor in determining the length of stay, the level of spending, and the return of tourists. Therefore, the level of tourist satisfaction will be an important sign of the sustainability of tourism activities and one of the goals of sustainable tourism development.

- Quality of tourism human resources : In tourism activities, the quality of the workforce is always an important factor that has a decisive meaning for development. This becomes even more urgent in the context of fierce competition in tourism activities. The quality of the workforce is an important factor in determining the quality of tourism products, service quality and the final result is to affect business efficiency, to the growth of tourism from an economic perspective. Thus, the high quality of the workforce is not only a factor in attracting visitors, enhancing the reputation of the industry and the country, but also an important factor in competing to attract visitors, ensuring sustainable tourism development and is considered one of the important signs to recognize the sustainable development of tourism.

- Investment in tourism : For any economic sector, investment is always a lever to promote the growth of that economic sector. Investment capital exists in two forms: mobilized capital and foreign direct investment capital. If domestic investment capital, especially capital mobilized from the people to develop small and medium private enterprises, has the effect of enriching service types and creating jobs

In addition to doing and avoiding risks, foreign investment capital plays a role as a lever, promoting the development of the tourism industry in particular and the economy in general.

In a certain research period (maybe 5 years, 10 years), the level of change in foreign direct investment capital in tourism will give us basic assessments of the future development of the industry. In which, the ratio "K" will be a sign of the sustainability of the tourism industry from the perspective of ensuring investment capital for development.

Foreign direct investment in tourism

K = ------------------------------------------------ -----------------------

Total foreign direct investment in the economy

Economic development in a market economy requires rapid adaptation to changes due to many objective and subjective factors to limit risks. This can be done by developing a system of small and medium enterprises. As an economic sector, tourism development activities need to pay attention to this issue to ensure sustainable development from an economic perspective. This is even more meaningful for developing countries where national management capacity is still limited. Local investment will limit the rate of "leakage" of tourism profits. In addition to economic significance, the development of a system of small and medium enterprises also has social significance, creating conditions for a large number of local workers to have jobs. In addition, this is also an environment that attracts huge social resources for tourism development, in line with the highly socialized nature of tourism, ensuring sustainable development.

In addition to considering the source and value of investment capital, from the perspective of sustainable development, the investment object (infrastructure, tourism facilities, resource restoration, environmental protection, human resource training, etc.) is also an important factor that needs to be evaluated and considered as an important sign of

sustainable development. This sign can be considered and evaluated through indicators on the ratio of capital investment for resource restoration and environmental protection in a project or the ratio of tourist areas and spots in a locality that are invested in restoration and protection. The more tourist areas and spots in a region or country that are invested in restoration and protection, the more closely tourism development activities in that region or country are linked to sustainable development goals. According to the WTO, if this ratio exceeds 50%, tourism activities are considered to be in a state of sustainable development.

In addition, in investment, in addition to the investment source from the State supporting infrastructure development, an important investment source is from tourism income. The larger this investment source is, the more it demonstrates the tourism industry's awareness of the importance of sustainable development. Therefore, the scale of investment (reinvestment rate) from tourism income will be considered an important sign of sustainable tourism development from the perspective of ensuring the sustainability of resources and the environment. Not only that, the higher the percentage of revenue that the tourism industry allocates to the agency in charge of tourism resources for reinvestment, the better the ability of inter-sectoral coordination.

- Organizing and managing tourism development activities : In the process of organizing and managing tourism development activities, planning as a basis for implementing specific development plans plays an important role. Planning is the process of inventorying and analyzing resource potentials and related conditions to determine appropriate development options, ensuring effective exploitation of tourism resource potentials and finding solutions to limit the impact of development activities on the environment, bringing economic and social efficiency. Therefore, the number (ratio) of planned tourist areas and spots will be a sign of sustainable tourism development from the perspective of ensuring sustainability of resources and environment as well as from the perspective of ensuring economic development, contributing positively to the overall socio-economic development of the region.

The management and limitation of pressure on the environment and resources through waste management and minimization measures, the level of control of development activities including conservation activities and the maintenance of diversity in which the maintenance of endemic ecosystems is threatened. The control of development activities serving the goal of sustainable development is also carried out through the implementation of environmental impact assessment procedures at tourist areas and destinations, or an equivalent form of official environmental control activities at tourist areas and destinations. This is one of the important signs of the sustainable development process and is determined through considering whether or not there are, or whether or not the above management and control measures are implemented.

Sustainable tourism development must ensure that the intensity of tourism activities at tourist sites is determined so as not to exceed environmental standards, energy consumption and capacity. Limiting the number of visitors in a development cycle is an important and necessary issue, which will help maintain and protect biodiversity, ensuring adequate energy supply to serve both community life and tourist needs.

- The level of satisfaction of the local community with tourism activities : Tourism development activities will be sustainable if supported by the local community. Therefore, the level of satisfaction of the community with tourism activities will reflect the sustainable state of tourism activities in development.

To achieve community satisfaction, the role of the community must be promoted as well as bring benefits to the community, specifically:

+ Promote the role of the community in building and implementing tourism development planning.

+ Promote the role of the community in supervising the implementation of investment projects and tourism development in the area.

+ Increase the scale and level of community participation in tourism activities

+ Improve the community's living standards thanks to tourism activities

+ The general social welfare of the community is improved.

To identify this sign, it is necessary to conduct a community interview survey. The survey results will be the basis for adjusting activities to develop more sustainable tourism activities from a social perspective.

While attracting international tourists is mainly aimed at increasing foreign currency revenue for the economy, attracting domestic tourists also has the meaning of creating conditions for redistributing income among the labor force in society, contributing to creating more jobs for society, actively supporting the Government's relief programs such as hunger eradication and poverty reduction programs, raising awareness for the community... Thus, it has made an important contribution to the successful implementation of the set goals of sustainable development from both economic and social perspectives.

1.3 Evaluation criteria of some levels in the organization of provincial tourism territory from the perspective of sustainable development

1.3.1 Criteria for evaluating tourist destinations

* Identify tourist attractions in the assessment area:

Determining typical tourist attractions in the research area for comprehensive assessment must first be based on the content of component analysis to find areas containing resources that can serve tourism exploitation. In those areas, based on the characteristics of the tourist attractions and the content applied to the research area to determine tourist attractions containing resources.[13]

* Determining evaluation factors: Recent applied studies in tourism geography in Vietnam [2], [3], [4], [9], [16]... mostly use 7 factors in the evaluation content including: attractiveness, tourism exploitation time, tourist capacity, sustainability, tourist location, infrastructure and technical facilities of the tourism industry, economic efficiency. Inheriting these studies, to suit the research object and scope of the topic, tourism resources are evaluated according to the following factors:

- Attractiveness: includes the richness of tourism resources and types of tourism that can be implemented at the tourist destination.

- Time of tourism activities: includes the time of year with suitable climate conditions for human health (determined through the correlation between temperature and humidity of the air affecting human health) and the time to implement good tourism activities (determined through the number of dry weather days favorable for organizing tourism activities and the number of days that can access and exploit the values ​​of resources to satisfy the needs of visitors).

- Tourist capacity: is the maximum number of visitors that can be welcomed to a tourist destination at the same time without harming the natural and social environment and the interests of visitors.

- Sustainability: is the ability to stabilize and not degenerate natural, economic and social components under pressure from tourism, natural disasters or other objects.

- Location and accessibility of tourist attractions: is the relative position between the resource point and the source of visitors and the traffic system allowing access to the tourist attraction (calculating standard access time for tourist cars).

- In addition, from the perspective of sustainable development, the topic adds another evaluation criterion for tourist destinations, which is the criterion for managing tourism activities.