for PWDs to move in Cam Khe Town has been given attention. This is one of the important social work activities for PWDs in general and PWDs to move in particular in the Town. Many resources have been connected to PWDs to move such as: Social protection policies and regimes; Support for vocational training and employment; Support for inclusive education; Support for health care and insurance; Support for health care and rehabilitation; Providing assistive devices (wheelchairs, crutches, orthopedic devices, etc.); Support for housing construction and improvement; Legal aid or connection to participate in cultural activities, entertainment, recreation, transportation, etc. The resources have all brought positive results and are assessed to be relatively effective.
2.2.4. Evaluation of the effectiveness of social work activities in supporting people with mobility disabilities
Table 2.7: Evaluation of the effectiveness of social work activities in supporting people with mobility disabilities
Work
Advantage | Limit | |
Psychological counseling support | - Implemented in a timely manner, avoiding negative reactions, improving the psychological situation of people with disabilities, helping them overcome difficulties in their mental life so that they can develop normally, preventing unfortunate consequences from occurring. - Have a team of cultural civil servants- society, social worker | - The majority of cultural and social civil servants and social work collaborators are part-time and have not received formal, in-depth training in social work, so their skills, implementation methods, and experience are still limited. |
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Livelihood support activities | - There are many livelihood support activities suitable for people with disabilities, achieving many positive results, contributing to job creation and economic development for people with disabilities, helping to increase income and stabilize life. | - Still facing difficulties in choosing a livelihood model, lack of information about production, business or support capital sources... - Funding for vocational training and job creation projects is still limited; vocational training time for PWDs is too short, many jobs are no longer suitable for the labor market, causing many PWDs and PWDs to lose interest in them. apprenticeship |
Activities that connect access to resources
- Social work collaborators have connected and helped people with disabilities access resources that are suitable to their needs and desires, and some of the connected resources have achieved relatively good results: Resources supporting social protection policies and regimes; Resources supporting vocational training and employment; Resources on healthcare, insurance regimes, health care, rehabilitation and provision of assistive devices (wheelchairs, crutches, orthopedic devices, etc.); Resources supporting construction and improvement of housing improvement | Some resources connected to access for PWDs to mobilize are still at an average level, still facing many difficulties and not achieving high efficiency: Resources to support inclusive education; Resources to support legal aid; Resources to support participation in recreational, entertainment, cultural and artistic activities... |
It can be seen that although social work activities supporting PWDs still have limitations, the results achieved are relatively good and the majority of PWDs in the Town are satisfied with the support activities of social work collaborators as well as the attention of local authorities.
Activities that connect access to resources
4.71%
49.41%
45.88%
Very satisfied
7.06%
Livelihood support activities
49.41%
Satisfied
43.53%
Not satisfied
11.76%
Psychological support activities
47.06%
41.18%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Table 2.13: Level of satisfaction with social work support activities for people with mobility disabilities
(Source: Survey results in 2021) Through the actual survey, the activity of connecting access to resources that PWD mobilized was rated at the highest level of Very Satisfied and Satisfied among the three main support activities of social work collaborators with the rates of 43.53% and 49.41% respectively, only 4.71% were not really satisfied with the activity; from such a level of assessment, it can be seen that this activity brings many positive aspects, has good results for PWD mobilization, social work collaborators have learned and grasped the desires and needs of PWD mobilization, thereby searching, connecting to access appropriate resources, helping and supporting.
them to the maximum and achieve the best results.
"There are only two of us at home, but Tien has been paralyzed since he was young, so he can't walk and has to stay at home all day. I have to support and take care of him. It's very hard. Before he was small, it was easy, but now he's older. My health is also weak, sometimes it's difficult to hold him to bathe him. I don't dare go far, and I don't feel secure leaving Tien at home alone when I go to work. But luckily,
The uncles and aunts at the Committee cared for him, supported him, and gave him a wheelchair.
So I have less trouble, and it is more convenient to take care of him. Since I have a wheelchair, I sometimes let him sit in it and push him around the neighborhood. His spirit and physical condition have improved. I am very happy, and I must thank the uncles and aunts in the Committee for helping disabled people like my son Tien."
(TTV - Female - 38 years old - Relative of a disabled person)
43.53% of PWDs assessed their level of satisfaction with livelihood support activities and 49.41% of PWDs assessed their level of satisfaction. Only about 7.06% of PWDs assessed their level of dissatisfaction with livelihood support activities. Because some livelihood support activities are not really suitable for PWDs, the effectiveness of support implementation is not good.
Regarding psychological support activities, the disabled people assessed that they were very satisfied at 41.18% and satisfied at 47.06%. 11.76% was the rate of disabled people who were dissatisfied with this activity. This is also due to the limitations of the social work team because the team here has not been trained in depth in psychological support, does not have professional skills, so sometimes the counseling support is not very effective. In addition, some disabled people and their families still feel inferior, do not want to share, express their thoughts, and the psychological problems they are facing, so the social work team has difficulty in supporting to achieve the best results.
In general, social work activities in supporting PWDs in Cam Khe Town have been implemented relatively fully, in accordance with the actual situation in the locality. Although some activities have not brought the best results, they have partly supported and brought a better life to PWDs in the community, helping them integrate into the community, contributing to promoting the economic, cultural and social development of the locality.
2.3 Factors affecting social work activities for people with mobility disabilities
Through the practical research process, the effectiveness of implementing social work activities to support PWDs in Cam Khe Town is affected by many factors, each factor will have positive or negative impacts. The scope of the research will focus on some basic influencing factors: PWDs' factors; family and community factors; Party and State's policy mechanisms; local government factors and factors on physical conditions and access conditions for PWDs.
2.3.1. People with mobility disabilities
People with disabilities in mobility are the subject of social work activities and are an important factor, having a major impact on the effectiveness and quality of social work activities for people with disabilities in mobility in Cam Khe Town. Education level, health status, psychological factors, etc. are the main characteristics of people with disabilities in mobility that have a strong impact on the effectiveness of social work activities for people with disabilities in mobility.
100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
1.18%
10.59%
0%
7.06%
0%
5.88%
25.88%
23.53%
29.41%
35.30%
41.18%
42.35%
31.76%
No effect Little effect Normal
Affect
Very influential
29.41%
16.47%
Education level
Health status
Strong
Psychological factors
Figure 2.14: Assessment of the impact level of the factor People with mobility disabilities
(Source: Survey results 2021)
Looking at the survey results table, it can be seen that the characteristics of the disabled people have a great influence on the implementation of social work activities in supporting the disabled people in the town. Regarding the characteristic of Educational level, it is assessed at a very influential level of 16.47% and the Influence is assessed at a relatively high level of 42.35%, at a normal influential level of 29.41% and a little influential level of 10.59%; 1.18% is the proportion of disabled people who think that educational level does not affect the implementation of social work activities. In fact, in Cam Khe Town, the educational level of PWDs is still limited, the rate of PWDs who study at college, university, etc. is relatively low, the number of PWDs who do not go to school is still high, so it has a direct impact on the effectiveness of social work activities in supporting PWDs, especially the effectiveness of livelihood support activities and here specifically activities supporting vocational training and job search because it causes difficulties in PWDs acquiring knowledge and skills when participating in vocational training classes and job search. In addition, low educational level will affect access to resources, PWDs cannot use the resources that social work collaborators connect effectively. In addition, some PWDs do not have the opportunity to know about the social work industry, for them this is a fairly new activity and there are still limited understanding and awareness of the importance of social work activities.
The Health Status is also one of the characteristics that the disabled people assessed as Very influential and Influenced, respectively 31.46% and 35.30%; the Normal level was 25.88% and some disabled people assessed as Little influential (accounting for 7.06%). This is also a relatively high rate because for each disabled person, if their health is weak, reducing their flexibility in daily activities, it will cause many difficulties in carrying out social work activities to support and help.
PWDs cannot choose livelihood models, sources of support, cannot participate in production development activities, family economy, activities connecting access to resources such as inclusive education, rehabilitation, job search, etc., leading to the effectiveness of some social work activities not being high.
Psychological factors are also characteristics of people with disabilities that have a great impact on the implementation of social work activities. 29.41% and 41.18% of people with disabilities in the town assessed psychological factors as Very influential and Influenced on the implementation of social work activities, while Normal influence accounted for 23.53% and Little influence was 5.88%. Such assessments are made because people with disabilities often have inferiority complex; some people with disabilities are very sensitive or have an inferiority complex about their appearance, they think they are a burden to their family, and do not believe that they can change their circumstances. These complexes easily lead to wrong behaviors and affect the lives of people with disabilities. Because of such mentality, when social workers carry out social work activities: psychological counseling support, livelihood support, support for connecting access to resources for PWDs, they still face difficulties. Some PWDs are afraid to communicate, leading to difficulty in accessing them. When social workers carry out activities that PWDs do not focus on or oppose, they do not participate in these activities. This will limit the implementation of support activities and not achieve good results.
“Subjective factors from the disabled themselves are factors that directly affect the activities to support the disabled in the Town. Whether the support is effective or not depends on the awareness of the disabled. If they have the right awareness, they will actively participate in the support and assistance activities of the local government.”
(LNM - Female - 36 years old - Cultural and social civil servant)