1 - 2 | Cold | From 1630 to 2740 Ω |
1 - 2 | Hot | From 2065 to 3225 Ω |
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If the voltage is out of specification, replace the wire or connector.
If the voltage is within specification, install the front fog light relay and follow step 5.
Step 5 Check the front fog light switch
- Remove the D4 connector of the fog light switch
- Use a multimeter to measure the resistance of the front fog light switch.
Measurement location
Condition
Standard
D4-3 (BFG) -D4-4 (LFG)
Light switchFront Fog OFF
>10kΩ
D4-3 (BFG) -D4-4 (LFG)
Front fog light switchON
<1 Ω
- Standard resistor
D4 connector is located on the combination switch assembly.
If the resistance is out of specification, replace the combination switch (the fog light switch is located in the combination switch).
If the resistance is within specification, follow step 6.
Step 6 Check wiring and connectors (front fog light relay-light selector switch)
- Disconnect connector D4 of the combination switch assembly
- Use a voltmeter to measure the voltage value of jack D4 on the wire side.
Measurement location
Control modecontrol
Standard
D4-3 (BFG) - (-) AQ
TAIL
11 to 14 V
D4 connector for the wiring of the combination switch assembly
If the voltage does not meet the standard, replace the wire or connector.
If the voltage is within standard, there may have been an error in the previous measurements.
Step 7 Check the front fog lights
- Remove the front fog light electrical connector.
- Supply battery voltage to the fog lamp terminals
Jack 8, B9 of front fog lamp on the electrical side
blind first.
Power supply location
Terms and Conditions
Battery positive terminal - Terminal 2Battery negative terminal - Terminal 1
Fog lightsbefore morning
- If the light does not come on, replace the bulb.
If the light is on, re-plug the jack and continue to step 8.
Step 8 Check wiring and connectors (relay and front fog lights)
- Disconnect the B8 and B9 connectors of the front fog lights.
- Use a voltmeter to measure voltage at the following locations:
Measurement location
Switch location
Terms and Conditions
B8-2 - (-) AQ
Electric lock ON TAIL size switchFog switch ON
11 to 14 V
B9-2 - (-) AQ
Electric lock ONTAIL size switch Fog switch ON
11 to 14 V
B8 and B9 connectors on the front fog lamp wiring side
Voltage is not up to standard, repair or replace the jack. If up to standard, there may have been an error in the measurement process.
2.2.4. Procedure for removing, installing and adjusting fog lights 1. Procedure for removing
- Remove the front inner ear pads
Use a screwdriver to remove the 3 screws and remove the front part of the front inner ear liner
-Remove the fog light assembly
+ Disconnect the connector.
+ Use a screwdriver to remove 3 screws to remove the fog light cover
2. Installation sequence
-Rotate the fog lamp bulb in the direction indicated by the arrow as shown in the figure and remove the fog lamp from the fog lamp assembly.
-Rotate the fog light bulb in the direction indicated by the arrow as shown in the figure and install the light into the fog light assembly.
- Use a screwdriver to install the fog light cover
-Install the electrical connector
Attention: Be careful not to damage the plastic thread on the lamp assembly.
- Install the front inner ear pads
Use a screwdriver to install the front inner bumper with 3 screws.
3. Prepare the vehicle to adjust the fog light convergence. Prepare the vehicle:
- Make sure there is no damage or deformation to the vehicle body around the fog lights.
- Add fuel to the fuel tank
- Add oil to standard level.
- Add engine coolant to standard level.
- Inflate the tire to standard pressure.
- Place spare tire, tools and jack in original design position
- Do not leave any load in the luggage compartment.
- Let a person weighing about 75 kg sit in the driver's seat.
4. Prepare to check the fog light convergence
a/ Prepare the vehicle status as follows:
- Place the car in a dark enough place to see the lines. The lines are the dividing line, below which the light from the fog lights can be seen but above which it cannot.
- Place the car perpendicular to the wall.
- Keep a distance of 7.62 m between the center of the fog lamp and the wall.
- Park the car on level ground.
- Press the car down a few times to stabilize the suspension.
Note: A distance of approximately 7.62 m is required between the vehicle (fog lamp center) and the wall to adjust the convergence correctly. If the distance of 7.62 m cannot be achieved, set the correct distance of 3 m to check and adjust the fog lamp convergence. (Since the target area varies with the distance, please follow the instructions as shown in the figure.)
b/ Prepare a piece of thick white paper about 2 m high and 4 m wide to use as a screen.
c/ Draw a vertical line through the center of the screen (line V).
d/ Set the screen as shown in the picture. Note:
- Keep the screen perpendicular to the ground.
- Align the V line on the screen with the center of the vehicle.
e/Draw the reference lines (H, V LH and V RH lines) on the screen as shown in the figure.HINT:
Mark the center of the fog lamp on the screen. If the center mark cannot be seen on the fog lamp, use the center of the fog lamp or the manufacturer's name mark on the fog lamp as the center mark.
H line (fog light height):
Draw a line across the screen so that it passes through the center mark. Line H should be at the same height as the center mark of the fog light bulb.
Line V LH, V RH (center mark position of left fog lamp LH and right fog lamp RH):
Draw two lines so that they intersect line H at the center marks.
5. Check the fog light convergence
a/ Cover the fog lamp or remove the connector of the other side fog lamp to prevent light from the unchecked fog lamp from affecting the fog lamp convergence test.
b/ Start the engine.
c/ Turn on the fog lights and make sure that the dividing line is outside the standard area as shown in the drawing.
6. Adjust the fog light convergence
Use a screwdriver to adjust the fog light to the standard area by turning the toe adjustment screw.
Note: If the screw is adjusted too far, loosen it and then tighten it again, so that the last rotation of the light adjustment screw is clockwise.
3. Self-study questions
1. Describe the operating principle of the lighting system with automatic headlight function
2. Describe the operating principle of the lighting system with the function of rotating headlights when turning
3. Draw diagram and connect lighting system on Hyundai Porter car
4. Draw diagram and connect lighting system on Honda Accord 1992
5. Draw the lighting circuit on a 1993 Toyota Lexus
LESSON 3 MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR OF SIGNAL SYSTEM
I. IMPLEMENTATION GOAL
After completing this lesson, students will be able to:
- Distinguish between types of signals on cars
- Correctly describe common symptoms and suspected areas causing damage.
- Connecting signal circuits ensures technical requirements
- Disassemble, install, check, maintain and repair the signal system to ensure technical requirements.
- Ensure safety in work and industrial hygiene
II. LESSON CONTENT
1. General description
The signal system equipped on cars aims to create signals to notify other vehicles participating in traffic about the vehicle's operating status such as: stopping, parking, braking, reversing, turning...
Signals are used either by light such as headlamps, brake lights, turn signals….. or by sound such as horns, reverse music….
Just like the lighting system. A signal system circuit usually consists of: battery, fuse, wire, relay, electrical load and control switch. Only some switches of the signal system are on the combination switch. The switches of other signals are usually located in different locations such as in the gearbox or brake pedal……
2. Maintenance and repair
2.1. Turn signals and hazard lights
The installation location of the turn signal is shown in Figure 3.1. The turn signal control switch is located in the combination switch under the steering wheel. Turning this switch to the right or left will make the turn signal turn right or left.
The hazard light switch is used when the vehicle has a problem while participating in traffic. When the hazard light switch is turned on, all the turn signals on the vehicle will light up at a certain frequency. The hazard light switch is usually placed separately from the turn signal switch (some old cars integrate the hazard and turn signal switches on the same combination switch cluster).
Figure 3.1 Turn signal switch Figure 3.2 Hazard switch
The part that generates the flashing frequency for the lights is called a turn signal relay. The turn signal relay usually has 3 terminals: B (positive power supply); E (negative power supply); L (providing the turn signal switch to distribute to the
lamp)
2.1.1. Circuit diagram
To generate the frequency for the turn signal, a turn signal relay is used in the turn signal circuit. The current from the turn signal relay will be sent to the turn signal switch assembly to distribute the current to the turn signal lights for the driver's purpose.
Figure 3.3. Schematic diagram of a turn signal circuit without a hazard switch
1. Battery; 2. Electric lock; 3. Turn signal relay; 4. Turn signal switch; 5. Turn signal lamp; 6. Turn signal lamp; 7. Hazard switch
Figure 3.4 Schematic diagram of turn signal circuit with hazard switch
1. Battery; 2. Combination switch cluster; 3. Turn signal;
4. Turn signal light; 5. Turn signal relay
Today's cars no longer use three-pin turn signal relays (B, L, E) but use eight-pin turn signal relays (figure 3.5) (pin number 8 is used for hazard lights).
For this type, the current supplying the turn signal lights is supplied directly from the turn signal relay to the lights.
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Situation of Information Technology Application in Enterprises
SUGGEST:
In this chapter, the terms “Cold” and “Hot” refer to the temperature of the coils. “Cold” means the temperature of the coil is between -10°C and 50.00 °C (14°F to 50 °C). “Hot” means the temperature of the coil is between 50°C and 100.00 °C (122°F to 100 °C).
If the resistance is not as specified, replace the camshaft position sensor.
Questions and exercises:
1. Describe the procedure for diagnosing a misfired engine.
2. Establish a diagnostic procedure for the Hyundai i10 engine not starting
LESSON 14: DIAGNOSTIC CONDITION OF ENGINE HARD TO START Lesson code : CMĐ 30-14
Introduce:
The control system on an electronic fuel injection engine is a comprehensive system that includes input devices (sensors) and output devices (ignition system, fuel injection, etc.). The computer control system is after the engine ECM processes the input signals from the sensors and transmits control signals to the actuators (ignition, fuel injection, etc.).
During use, the engine control system always has unusual damage that needs to be checked and repaired promptly, in order to maintain the technical condition of the engine in the working state with the highest reliability and safety.
Therefore, the work of diagnosing, checking and repairing engine damage needs to be carried out quickly and accurately to ensure technical requirements for operating features and increase engine life.
Target:
- Correctly explain and analyze the phenomena and causes of engine difficulty starting.
- Diagnose, detect and repair engine failures that are difficult to start.
Main content:
1. Phenomenon, cause
1.1. Phenomenon: Engine is difficult to start
1.2. Cause:
- Fuel system
- Nozzle control circuit
- Coolant temperature sensor
- Ignition system
- Engine compression pressure
- Air intake system
- Air throat cluster
2. Check and repair
2.1. Fuel system
2.1.1. Check the main body ECU (C/OPN relay)
- Remove the main ECU of the car body.
- Connect the positive (+) terminal of the battery and the negative terminal of the battery to the two coil ends of the C/OPN relay.
- Measure the resistance according to the values in the table below.
Standard resistance:
Connect measuring tools
Test conditions | Standard conditions | |
Two C/OPN relay contacts | When no battery voltage is supplied | 10 kΩ or more |
When battery voltage is supplied to the 2 terminals of the C/OPN relay | Below 1 Ω |
OK
C/OPN
NG
Replace main body ECU or relay
2.1.2. Check the wires and connectors (main body ECU – ECM)
- Remove the connector of the main ECU of the vehicle body.
- Disconnect the ECM connector.
- Measure the resistance according to the values in the table below.
Standard Resistance (Open Circuit Test):
Connect measuring tools
Test conditions | Standard conditions | |
Relay C/OPN- (FC) | All conditions | Below 1 Ω |
Standard Resistance (Short Circuit Test):
Connect measuring tools
Test conditions | Standard conditions |
All conditions | 10 kΩ or more |
(FC) - Vehicle body mass
OK
NG
Repair or replace electrical cord or connector
2.1.3. Check the wires and connectors (Main body ECU – Fuel pump – Body mass)
- Check the wiring and connectors between the main ECU and the fuel pump.
- Remove the connector of the main ECU of the vehicle body.
- Disconnect the fuel pump connector.
- Measure resistance between 2 connectors (Open circuit test): Standard condition: below 1 Ω
OK
NG
- Measure the resistance between the connectors and the vehicle body ground (Short circuit test): Standard condition: 10 kΩ or more
Repair or replace electrical cord or connector
2.1.4. Check fuel pump
- Check fuel pump resistance:
Measure the resistance according to the values in the table below.
Standard resistance:
Connect measuring tools
Test conditions | Standard conditions | |
4 - 5 | 20°C (68°F) | From 0.2 to 3.0 Ω |
- Check fuel pump operation.
Apply battery voltage to the fuel pump terminals.
Check that the fuel pump is operating.
o ATTENTION:
This test must be performed quickly (within 10 seconds) to prevent the coil from burning out.
Keep the fuel pump as far away from the battery as possible.
Always disconnect the circuit on the battery side.
OK
NG
Replace fuel pump
Replace ECM
2.2 Nozzle control circuit
2.2.1 ECM Check (Voltage Pins #10, #20, #30, #40)
- Disconnect the ECM connector.
- Turn the ignition ON.
- Measure the voltage according to the values in the table below.
Standard voltage:
Connect measuring tools
Switch status | Standard conditions | |
(#10) - (E01) | Electric lock ON | From 11 to 14 V |
(#20) - (E01) | Electric lock ON | From 11 to 14 V |
(#30) - (E01) | Electric lock ON | From 11 to 14 V |
(#40) - (E01) | Electric lock ON | From 11 to 14 V |
OK
- Reconnect the ECM connector.
NG
Check AM2 fuse, IG2 relay, injector circuit
2.2.2 Check wires and connectors (Ground ECM)
- Disconnect the ECM connector.
- Measure the resistance according to the values in the table below.
Standard Resistance (Open Circuit Test):
Connect measuring tools
Test conditions | Standard conditions | |
(E01) - Vehicle body mass | All conditions | Below 1 Ω |
- Reconnect the ECM connector.
OK
NG
Repair or replace electrical cord or connector
2.2.3. Check the nozzle
- Check resistance: Use ohmmeter to measure resistance of poles
- Standard resistance:
Connect measuring tools
Test conditions | Standard conditions | |
1 - 2 | 20°C | From 11.6 to 12.4 Ω |
If the result is not as specified, replace the nozzle.
- Check injection volume: 47 to 58 cm3 (1NZ-FE Engine)
- Difference in spray volume between nozzles: less than 11 cm3 If the spray volume is not as standard, replace the nozzle
- Leak test:
Fuel drip amount: less than 1 drop in about 12 minutes If not up to standard, replace the injectors
2.3. Coolant temperature sensor
- Measure the resistance according to the values in the table below.
Standard resistance:
Connect measuring tools
Test conditions | Standard conditions | |
1 - 2 | 20°C (68°F) | From 2.32 kΩ to 2.59 kΩ |
1 - 2 | 80°C (176°F) | From 0.310 kΩ to 0.326 kΩ |
Figure 14.1. Checking the coolant temperature sensor
NOTE: When checking the engine coolant temperature sensor in
water, keep the terminals dry. After inspection, wipe the sensor dry. If the resistance is not as specified, replace the engine coolant temperature sensor.
2.4. Ignition system
2.4.1. Check the ignition coil and test the ignition
- Check DTC codes.
NOTE: If a DTC is generated, perform the diagnostic procedure for that DTC.
- Check for ignition:
Remove the 4 ignition coils.
Using a 16 mm socket, remove the 4 spark plugs.
Install the spark plug into the ignition coil and connect the ignition coil connector.
Disconnect the 4 nozzle connectors.
Ground the spark plug.
Check that there is a spark when the engine is cranking.
ATTENTION:
Connect spark plug to ground when checking.
Replace the ignition coil when it is cracked.
Do not crank the engine for more than 2 seconds.
If no spark appears, perform the following procedure.
- Perform the ignition test according to the following procedure:
Check that the ignition coil wiring connector is securely seated.
Result:
Result
Go to step | |
NG | Secure installation |
OK | Go to next step |
Conduct an ignition test for each ignition coil.
Replace the ignition coil with a good one.
Perform the ignition test again.
Result:
Result
Go to step | |
OK | Replace ignition coil |
NG | Go to next step |
Check spark plugs.
Result:
Result
Go to step | |
NG | Replace spark plugs |
OK | Go to next step |
Check the power supply to the ignition coil with the ignition IC.
Turn the ignition ON (IG).
Check that there is battery voltage at the (+) terminal of the ignition coil.
Result:
Result
Go to step | |
NG | Check the wiring between the ignition switch and |