Economic restructuring in Ninh Binh province

shifting towards industrialization and modernization. However, in response to the requirements of innovation, the economic restructuring in Ninh Binh still has many issues that need to be resolved. Issues such as labor potential, land, and geographical advantages have not been properly exploited, economic development is not comprehensive, economic restructuring is slow, the economy is still at a low level and is basically still an agricultural province, small-scale production is common, industries and regions for production of goods have not been created, trade, services, and tourism have not developed commensurate with the potential, the banking and financial system, and infrastructure have made many efforts but have not met the requirements.

The issue of economic restructuring towards industrialization and modernization is one of the particularly important issues that the Party Committee and the people of the province set out at the 19th Provincial Party Congress. The choice of the topic: "Economic restructuring in Ninh Binh province" truly meets the theoretical and practical requirements in the current period.

2. RESEARCH SITUATION

Economic restructuring in general and economic restructuring of sectors in particular have been studied by many authors and many works such as:

Maybe you are interested!

- Ngo Dinh Giao: "Transforming the economic structure towards industrialization and modernization of the national economy" volume II - National Political Publishing House - Hanoi 1994.

- Le Du Phong - Nguyen Thanh Do "Economic restructuring in the context of integration with the region and the world" National Political Publishing House, 1999.

- Pham Kiem Ich - Nguyen Dinh Phan "Industrialization and modernization in Vietnam and regional countries" Statistical Publishing House - Hanoi 1994.

- Ngo Dinh Giao "Thoughts on Industrialization and Modernization in our country" National Political Publishing House Hanoi 1996.

- Do Hoai Nam "Transforming the economic structure of the industry and developing key and spearhead industries in Vietnam" Social Sciences Publishing House, Hanoi 1996.

In general, the above reference documents have mentioned many important contents on economic restructuring, but no document has focused on the economic restructuring in Ninh Binh province. Therefore, a systematic study on the economic restructuring in Ninh Binh province is really necessary.

3. PURPOSE AND TASKS OF THE RESEARCH

The purpose of the thesis is to analyze the theory and reality of economic restructuring in Ninh Binh province in recent years, evaluate the achieved results, limitations and shortcomings, and then propose viewpoints, directions, goals and solutions to continue implementing the economic restructuring towards industrialization and modernization in Ninh Binh province in the coming years.

To achieve the above purpose, the thesis performs the following tasks:

- Present the theoretical basis of economic structure in general and economic sector structure.

- Analyze the current situation of economic restructuring in general and economic sector structure in Ninh Binh province from 2001 to 2005.

- Propose directions, goals and solutions to continue shifting the economic structure in Ninh Binh province in the coming time.

4. OBJECTS AND SCOPE OF RESEARCH

- The thesis takes the issue of economic restructuring in Ninh Binh province as the research object. However, in the process of researching, the thesis mentions a number of other related issues such as general economic restructuring, assessing the factors affecting the economic restructuring process...

- Scope of research: The author collected data, researched and evaluated the process of economic restructuring in Ninh Binh province during the period from 2001-2005.

5. RESEARCH METHODS

- Based on the principles, viewpoints and laws of dialectical materialism and historical materialism as a common research methodology.

- Use methods of analysis, statistics, comparison, investigation, modeling...

6. NEW CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE THESIS

- Based on the systematization of theory and experience, the thesis clarifies the necessity of economic restructuring in Ninh Binh province in the coming time.

- Evaluate the results of economic restructuring in Ninh Binh province in recent years, especially from 2001 to 2005. At the same time, it also points out the limitations and shortcomings in the process of economic restructuring in Ninh Binh province.

- Provide viewpoints, directions, goals and solutions for the process of continuing to transform the economic structure in Ninh Binh province in the coming time.

7. STRUCTURE OF THE ESSAY

In addition to the introduction, conclusion, list of references, the thesis is structured into three chapters:

Chapter 1: Theory of economic structure and economic sector structure shift.

Chapter 2: Current status of economic restructuring in Ninh Binh province in recent times (from 2001-2005).

Chapter 3: Directions and solutions for economic restructuring in Ninh Binh province in the coming time

Chapter 1‌‌

THEORY OF ECONOMIC STRUCTURE AND ECONOMIC STRUCTURE TRANSFORMATION

1. THEORETICAL BASIS OF ECONOMIC STRUCTURE

1.1. Concept

There are many different approaches to economic structure. From the perspective of dialectical materialism and the theory of economic structure system: Economic structure is a whole composed of many economic factors of the national economy, between which there is an organic relationship, interacting with each other in terms of both quantity and quality in specific spaces, times, and conditions of a socio-economic system and moving towards a certain goal. According to this perspective, economic structure is an economic category; an important indicator to assess the level, quality, scale, and level of industrialization and modernization of a country.

Another approach holds that economic structure, fully understood, is an economic system as a whole consisting of many closely related elements that interact with each other in certain spaces and times, expressed both qualitatively and quantitatively, both in terms of quantity and quality, in accordance with the defined goals of the economy.

The above approach reflects the main nature of the economic structure:

Economic structure is the sum of industry groups and elements that make up a country's economic system.

Economic structure includes the quantity, proportion of industry groups and elements constituting the economic system in the overall national economy.

In the economic structure, the relationships between interacting industry groups are directed towards a specific goal.

Economic structure is not limited to the fixed relationship between sectors but always changes, there is no common pattern but depends on specific conditions in space and time. Therefore, in the development process, countries focus on researching an economic structure that is suitable for the conditions of the country. The economic structure cannot be fixed for a long time but needs to have necessary changes suitable to the changes in natural conditions, socio-economic conditions to form an effective economic structure, promote economic growth and development of the country.

From the perspective of Marxism-Leninism, C. Marx conceived: "The whole relationship between people performing production tasks with each other and between them and nature - that is, the conditions in which they carry out production. The whole of those relationships constitutes society, in terms of its economic structure". Thus, according to C. Marx, the economic structure has a structure including: Factors associated with the productive forces (relationships between them and nature and technology) and the contents of the production relations (economic relations between people in the process of social reproduction). If the economic structure includes two aspects of productive forces and production relations, then when analyzing the economic structure, the dialectical production relationship between productive forces and production relations is not considered. An economic structure is considered correct when it is formed and developed in which the elements of production relations must always be consistent with the nature and level of the productive forces.

In short, economic structure can be understood as the proportion between parts, between industries, and fields in a reasonable economic whole. Those economic parts have a dialectical relationship in the relationship between productive forces and production relations at a certain period of social development.

1.2. Main characteristics of economic structure

- First, economic structure is objective:

Economic structure is formed objectively due to the development of productive forces and social division of labor. An economic structure in each period of each industry, each locality and the whole country is always built on the basis of absorbing the advantages of the economic structure of the previous period. The differences in natural conditions, specific historical circumstances, the operation of specific economic laws, and production methods will determine the differences in economic structure of each region and each country. Therefore, economic structure reflects the general law of the development process, but the specific expression must adapt to the characteristics of each country and each region in terms of nature, economy and history. There is no common model structure for all production methods, all economic regions or a common representative for many different countries. Each country and each region can and must choose an economic structure suitable for each historical and development stage.

- Second, the economic structure has a balanced, synchronous, historical relationship, specifically:

The economic structure has a balanced and synchronous relationship between economic components in a whole including large systems, medium systems and small systems closely linked together. This is because the economic components in a system have a close relationship and interact with each other according to specific laws. An economic structure consists of many different economic components, including the main economic components and the secondary economic components ranked according to different priorities. The main economic components (key, spearhead) largely determine the scale and pace of economic development, but it also requires priority in terms of capital, science and technology and policies. The existence of key, spearhead economic components comes from the principle of comparative advantage of

This economic sector is compared to other economic sectors to achieve high efficiency while production factors are limited. Allocating investment capital widely across all economic sectors is contrary to the principle of efficiency. On the contrary, concentrating too much investment on one economic sector causes an imbalance in the structure.

- Third, the economic structure is diverse and open:

The economic structure cannot be fixed but must change and adjust appropriately to the changes in socio-economic conditions and advances in science and technology to ensure the scale and pace of economic development. In philosophy, C. Marx said: "Things and phenomena are always in constant motion and change". The development and change of the economic structure is closely linked to the development and change of the productive forces and the division of social labor. The productive forces are increasingly developed, people are increasingly civilized, science and technology are increasingly modern, technology is increasingly advanced, specialization and division of social labor are increasingly high, which will inevitably lead to the economic structure also becoming more and more perfect. Besides, the movement and change of the economic structure is also closely related to the movement and change of the economic sectors. This is a relationship of mutual transformation. The more developed the economic sector, the more it inevitably leads to the more and more change and perfection of the economic structure. From quantitative changes leading to qualitative changes, a new economic structure is born more progressively to match that change, it reflects the continuous development of human civilization. However, the economic structure cannot always change arithmetically but it must be relatively stable for a certain period of time to ensure its conformity with the process of formation and development objectively. Therefore, if the economic structure changes frequently, it will create instability in production, investment in building technical facilities, causing waste and loss to the economy.

- Fourth, economic restructuring is a process:

Not every new economic structure that is formed at once can replace the old economic structure. The process of economic restructuring must be a process of quantitative accumulation, and quantitative changes to a certain extent will lead to qualitative changes. In that process, the old economic structure gradually changes to transform into a new economic structure. The speed of this process depends on many factors, including the very important direct impact of the leadership and management subjects. Haste or conservatism in economic management are both harmful to the development of the economy. Economic restructuring must necessarily be a process, but not a spontaneous process with sequential steps. On the contrary, people with a deep understanding of reality can completely create the premises and influence for that process to take place quickly and in the right direction.

2. THEORETICAL BASIS OF ECONOMIC STRUCTURAL TRANSFORMATION

2.1. Concept of economic structure

* The economic sector structure is a combination of sectors that form proportional correlations, expressing the relationship between sector groups of the national economy. The sector structure partly reflects the level of social division of labor of a country.

When analyzing the industry structure of a country, people often analyze three main industry groups:

+ Agricultural sector includes agriculture, forestry and fishery.

+ Industrial group includes industry and construction

+ Service industry group includes trade, post office, tourism...

The movement of economic sectors and their relationships both follow the general characteristics of the development of social production and also bear the specific features of each stage and each country.

Economic restructuring in Ninh Binh province - 2

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