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Applying biodiversity resource values ​​to sustainable tourism development at the world natural heritage site of Ha Long Bay, Quang Ninh province - 1


HANOI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY

CENTER FOR NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

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Applying biodiversity resource values ​​to sustainable tourism development at the world natural heritage site of Ha Long Bay, Quang Ninh province - 1



APPLYING BIODIVERSITY RESOURCE VALUES

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN THE WORLD NATURAL HERITAGE SITE OF HA LONG BAY, QUANG NINH PROVINCE


Major: Environment in sustainable development


Code: Pilot Training Program


MASTER'S THESIS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE


Scientific supervisor: Associate Professor, Dr. Le Dien Duc


Hanoi, 2013


ii

This thesis was conducted and completed at the Center for Natural Resources and Environmental Studies - Vietnam National University, Hanoi.

The student would like to express his sincere gratitude to Associate Professor, Dr. Le Dien Duc , the teacher who has wholeheartedly helped, guided and advised throughout the process of implementing and completing this thesis.

The students would also like to express their sincere gratitude to the teachers of the Center for Natural Resources and Environmental Studies - Vietnam National University, Hanoi for their dedicated help and the imparting of professional and technical knowledge during the study process.

Thanks to family, agency, friends and colleagues for cheering, encouraging and creating favorable conditions during the process of studying and completing this thesis.

Due to limited time and experience, the thesis inevitably

shortcomings, so I look forward to receiving comments from teachers and friends to make this thesis more complete.

----------------------------------------


Vu Hong Phuong


ASSURE


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I hereby declare that this is my own research work. The data presented in the thesis is honest, and I do not use data from other authors without their prior publication or consent. The author's research results have never been published in any other work./.


Hanoi, date month year 2013


THESIS AUTHOR


Vu Hong Phuong



iii

INDEX


Page


INTRODUCTION 9

CHAPTER 1: OVERVIEW 12

1.1. Overview of research related to the field of the thesis 12

1.1.1. Basic concepts 12

1.1.2. The relationship between the two peoples

g biology

and sustainable tourism 16​

1.2 . Situation of tourism and ecotourism development 19

1.2.1. In the world and Southeast Asia 19

1.2.2. Tourism development situation in Vietnam 21

1.2.3. Tourism development situation in the research area 23

CHAPTER 2: LOCATION, TIME, METHOD OF THE 25TH DAY

AND RESEARCH METHODS 25

2.1. Location

research point 25

2.2 . Research period 26

2.3 . Methodology and research methods 27

CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 32

3.1. Status of exploitation of biodiversity resource values ​​32

3.1.1. Potential and current status of biodiversity in Ha Long Bay 32

3.1.2. Status of exploitation of biodiversity resource values ​​44

3.2.3. Porch

tran

g and p force​​​

for the people

g biology

Halong 46

3.2. Tourism development situation in Ha Long Bay 50

3.2.1. Tourism potential in Ha Long Bay 50

3.2.2. Food

tran

g development activities

pedestal

travel on Ha Long Bay 53

3.3. Solutions to apply biodiversity values ​​for development

Sustainable tourism in Ha Long 59

3.3.1. Solutions for sustainable tourism development 59

3.3.2. Solutions to conserve and exploit the biodiversity values ​​of Ha Long Bay 65

3.3.3. Solutions for developing ecotourism 67

CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 82


iv

REFERENCES 84

APPENDIX


v

CATEGORY

SYMBOL FISH

, LETTERS​​​


Climate change: Climate change

CBD: Convention on Biological Diversity - Convention on Biological Diversity CBD: Biological Diversity

DLBV: Sustainable Tourism DLST : Ecological Tourism

DPSIR: Driving forces - Presures - States - Impact – Responses

force

- Porch

page - Impact - Response


DSTNTGVHL: World Natural Heritage Ha Long Bay Animal: Benthic animals

Invertebrates: Invertebrates Zooplankton: Zooplankton

EEA: European Environment Agency

ES: Ecotourism Society - Ecotourism Society

HST : Ecosystem

IUCN: The International Union for Conservation of Nature - International Union for Conservation of Nature

JICA: Japan International Cooperation Agency - Japan International Cooperation Agency

KBT : Conservation Area

PTDLBV: Sustainable Tourism Development

Japan International Cooperation


RNM: Flooded forest

Salty


SWOT: Strengths - Weaknesses - Opportunities - Threats

Weakness - Opportunity - Challenge)


en

TVPD: Food

travel​​


UNESCO: United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization - United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization

National Park: National Park .

WTO: World Tourism Organization - World Tourism Organization.


vii

LIST OF TABLES, FIGURES, GRAPHS


FISH LIST


Table 1.1. Endemic species of Ha Long 35

Table 1.2. Comparison of the number of attractions 55

Table 1.3. Example of an experiential tour of Ha Long - Hanoi 78


LIST OF IMAGES


Figure 1.1. Golden monkey on limestone mountain of Ha Long Bay 22

Figure 1.2. Soft bottom ecosystem in Ha Long Bay 27

Figure 1.3. Mao Tien fish in Ha Long Bay coral reef 28

Figure 1.4. Pine ecosystem in Ha Long Bay 29

Figure 1.5. Aesthetic value of Ha Long island 38

Figure 1.6. Economic restructuring of Quang Ninh province to 2020 44

Figure 1.7. Some specialties of Ha Long - Quang Ninh sea area 56


CATEGORY


URBAN​​


Chart 1.1. Results of environmental protection activity assessment 48

Graph 1.2. Number of visitors to the museum

Ha Long from 2008-2015 54


viii


INTRODUCTION


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I. Urgency of the research topic


Ha Long Bay is located in the Northeast of Vietnam, in Quang Ninh province, 165km from Hanoi capital, with a total area of ​​1553km2 . UNESCO has twice

recognized as a World Natural Heritage for its landscape and geographical values

substance, earth

Mao.

Therefore , this place is an attractive destination for domestic and international tourists , so the number of visitors is increasing .

International visitors here are increasing day by day .

Besides , the source of biodiversity resources


also very diverse and affordable​

treat

known for tourism development . The area has 10 typical ecosystems recorded.

The ecosystems identified in this area include: mangrove forests, seagrass, soft-bottom intertidal zones, hard-bottom intertidal zones, sandy tidal flats, coral reefs, conifers and coastal wetlands, island vegetation and caves. These ecosystems contain extremely rich aquatic resources with over 1,000 species [42].

The physical, environmental, tourism and biodiversity characteristics of Ha Long Bay have been studied extensively. However, the linkage of biodiversity resource values ​​with sustainable tourism development has hardly been mentioned. On the other hand , recently, ecosystems in Ha Long Bay have been degraded by the impact of natural and human factors due to unsustainable development, including tourism activities .

Therefore , sustainable tourism development is the goal to aim for Ha Long Bay. It not only brings long-term economic efficiency, protects the environment, preserves heritage and promotes inherent potential values ​​- biodiversity values. At the same time, sustainable tourism development based on biodiversity is also a positive direction in contributing to the conservation of biodiversity heritage .

Topic " Van "

dun

g of biological value​​​

and sustainable tourism development

The area in the World Natural Heritage Site of Ha Long Bay, Quang Ninh province will focus on

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