Current Status of Career Guidance Activities According to the New General Education Program in Secondary Schools in Lang Giang District, Bac Giang Province

The survey results in Table 2.1 show that the specific goal "Helping students realize their own interests and abilities" was chosen by the highest number of opinions, accounting for 99%, while the general goal of career guidance activities according to the new general education program "Forming career orientation capacity in students" was also chosen by the majority of managers and teachers with a rate of 87.0% of the subjects.

The remaining objectives such as "Understanding the role of economic activities in social life"; "Grasping some key information about local occupations, occupations in the main production sector, helping students choose their career path after graduating from junior high school" were also chosen by a large number of survey respondents (the percentage of respondents choosing these objectives was 67% and 85.0% respectively).

In the survey, we used two stamps that are not the goals of career guidance activities according to the new general education program with the aim of more accurately assessing the awareness of managers and teachers on this issue. The research results show that many teachers and managers choose these two stamps. Of which, "Grasp some key information about local occupations, occupations in the main production sector, helping students choose their career path after graduating from junior high school" was chosen by 94 people, accounting for 94.0%; and "Help students realize the importance of studying and choose the path to continue studying in high school" had a corresponding rate of 95.0%.

Thus, the survey results show that many managers and teachers at secondary schools in Lang Giang district, Bac Giang province are still vague in their awareness of the goals of career guidance activities under the new general education program, thinking that the main purpose of career guidance is to teach students a profession so that they can get a job after graduation or help them continue to choose the path of high school. The awareness of career guidance activities will affect the development of content, selection of organization methods... of this activity. Therefore, the Principals of secondary schools need to take actions to raise awareness among managers and teachers about the goals of career guidance activities under the new general education program, ensuring that the implementation of this activity is highly effective.

2.3. Current status of career guidance activities according to the new general education program in secondary schools in Lang Giang district, Bac Giang province

2.3.1. Current status of career guidance activities according to the new general education program in secondary schools in Lang Giang district, Bac Giang province

The results of a survey of 20 managers and 80 teachers of secondary schools in Lang Giang district, Bac Giang province on the current status of career guidance activities for secondary school students according to the new general education program are shown in the following table:

Table 2.2. Current status of career guidance activities in secondary schools in Lang Giang district, Bac Giang province according to the new general education program

Content

Level of implementation

Total score

Average score

Often

through

Sometimes

Never

hour

Career exploration activities

Learn some

Traditional Crafts in Vietnam

66.0

30.0

4.0

262

2.62

Learn some

local traditional craft

89.0

5.0

6.0

283

2.83

Learn about popular jobs in today's society.

grand

86.0

4.0

10.0

276

2.76

Find out what careers

interested students

66.0

7.0

27.0

239

2.39

Activities to practice qualities and abilities appropriate to

determine

Survey career interests, abilities, and qualities of students and assess their suitability for the career they are pursuing.

care about

0.0

100

100.0

100

1.0

Maybe you are interested!

Content

Level of implementation

Total score

Average score

Often

through

Sometimes

Never

hour

career direction

Train students with qualities and abilities appropriate to their orientation.

job

0.0

37.0

63.0

137

1.37

Assess students' qualities and abilities related to the profession they are pursuing.

care about

0.0

33.0

67.0

133

1.33

Orient students to build personal development plans to meet career orientation requirements.

career

0.0

24.0

76.0

124

1.24

Career selection and career-oriented learning planning activities

Build groups of subjects in high school related to the profession that

interested students

0.0

28.0

72.0

128

1.28

Build a career education plan for

pupil

0.0

20.0

80.0

120

1.20

Consulting and guiding students in choosing a career/direction after graduation

Junior High School

0.0

33.0

67.0

133

1.33

The results in Table 2.2 show that career guidance activities for middle school students are implemented at different levels. The average score ranges from 1 to 2.83 points.

The most frequently implemented content mainly belongs to the group “Career exploration activities”. The percentage of the content in this group that is assessed as frequently implemented accounts for more than 2/3 of the survey subjects and is respectively 89.0% (“Learn about some traditional occupations in the locality”), 86% (“Learn about popular occupations in modern society”), 78% (“Learn about occupations that students are interested in”) and 66.0% (“Learn about some traditional occupations in Vietnam”).

Career guidance activities in the two groups of content "Activities to practice qualities and abilities suitable for career orientation" and "Activities to choose a career and make a study plan according to career orientation" were assessed to be mainly implemented at the level of sometimes and never (the average score of these two groups ranged from 1 to 1.37). In particular, the extremely important content, which is the basis for career orientation for students, is "Surveying career interests, surveying students' abilities and qualities and assessing suitability for the career they are interested in" which was considered by 100% of opinions to have never been implemented. In our opinion, the reason for the limited implementation of these contents is that these are relatively new contents in career guidance activities according to the new general education program. This program has not been implemented in practice, there are no specific instructions, so whether it is implemented or not depends on the initiative of the school and teachers when organizing career guidance activities for students. To better understand this content, we discussed with some teachers and learned that these contents are only briefly introduced in career guidance classes in class. For example, the content "Building groups of subjects in high school related to the professions that students are interested in" or "Consulting and orienting the choice of career and direction for students after graduation" is presented by teachers or discussed with students in class, not based on assessment exercises or specific criteria to implement with individuals or groups of students due to limited program time and no specialized teachers, so there are not enough tools to implement these contents.

There is no big difference in the assessment of the level of implementation of career guidance activities according to the new general education program between managers and teachers of secondary schools in Lang Giang district, Bac Giang province.

2.3.2. Current status of career guidance methods according to the new general education program in secondary schools in Lang Giang district, Bac Giang province

Surveying the method of career guidance activities according to the new general education program in secondary schools in Lang Giang district, Bac Giang province, we obtained the following results:

Table 2.3. Current status of career guidance methods according to the new general education program in secondary schools in Lang Giang district, Bac Giang province

Methods of organizing career guidance activities

Level of implementation						Total score	Average score
Often through		Sometimes		Never hour
SL	%	SL	%	SL	%
Discovery method	Visit production facilities, factories, and traditional craft villages. system	0	0.0	0	0.0	100	100.0	100	1.0
Experimental method	Forum direction career	0	0.0	0	0.0	100	100.0	100	1.0
	Play about the contents career guidance	0	0.0	29	29.0	71	71.0	129	1.29
	Organize a workshop on career guidance	0	0.0	0	0.0	100	100.0	100	1.0
	Career Competition	0	0.0	6	6.0	94	94.0	106	1.06
	Game direction career	0	0.0	0	0.0	100	100.0	100	1.0
Method of dedication	Labor organization public service	100	100.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	300	3.0
	Participate in the local production process direction	0	0.0	0	0.0	100	100.0	100	1.0
	Vocational training	0	0.0	0	0.0	100	100.0	100	1.0
Research method	Get students involved career guidance topics and projects	0	0.0	66	66.0	34	34.0	166	1.66
	Let students participate in surveys and investigations of information about career orientation. career	0	0.0	0	0.0	100	100.0	100	1.0
	Students participate in scientific innovation, technology	0	0.0	66	66.0	34	34.0	166	1.66
Some methods other forms of organization	Present	100	100.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	300	3.0
	Q&A	89	89.0	11	11.0	0	0.0	211	2.11
	Discuss	80	80.0	20	20.0	0	0.0	220	2.20

The survey results in Table 2.3 show that the methods of organizing career guidance activities for students in secondary schools in Lang Giang district are not uniform. The average score ranges from 1 to 3 points .

The methods that are heavy on theory and traditional in nature according to the current general education program are implemented most often, which are : Organizing public service work, presentations; Q&A; Discussion. The percentage of subjects choosing the frequency level for these methods is 100%, 100%, 89% and 80% respectively.

Many specific and effective methods for career guidance activities for students have not been implemented ( Visiting production facilities, factories, traditional craft villages; Career guidance forums; Organizing career guidance seminars) or are only implemented at an occasional level ( Playing dramas about career guidance content; Letting students participate in career guidance topics and projects; Students participating in scientific and technological innovations). In the past few years, according to the policy of the Ministry of Education and Training, students of junior high and high schools have participated in annual science and technology innovation competitions. The topics of students are very diverse, belonging to 22 different fields such as social and behavioral sciences, animal sciences, biochemistry, biomedicine and health sciences, biomedical engineering, cell and molecular biology, chemistry, computational biology and bioinformatics, earth and environmental sciences, embedded systems, mechanical engineering, environmental engineering, energy

etc. By participating in this competition, students are introduced to scientific research activities, and the qualities of a scientist will be formed and developed, thereby strengthening and developing students' professional capacity related to the scientific field they participate in. However, only a very small number of students participate in these competitions (a few students/school), while career guidance activities need to be implemented on a large scale, for students in the whole school.

The limitations in the method of organizing career guidance activities according to the new general education program in Lang Giang district's secondary schools require principals to pay attention to raising awareness among management staff and teachers about the need for change, to apply new methods to excite learners, help learners understand their own qualities and abilities and move towards careers that are suitable for them.

2.3.3. Current status of evaluating educational outcomes in career guidance activities according to the new general education program in secondary schools in Lang Giang district, Bac Giang province

Evaluating educational results in career guidance activities for students is an important basis to help managers and teachers adjust these activities.

timely, contributing to forming in students the ability to orient their careers and choose a career that suits them... We conducted a survey of 20 managers and 80 teachers of secondary schools in Lang Giang district, Bac Giang province on the current status of evaluating the results of career guidance activities and obtained the following results:

Table 2.4. Current status of career guidance assessment activities in secondary schools in Lang Giang district, Bac Giang province according to the new general education program

STT

Evaluation of career guidance results	Level of implementation						Total score	Average score
	Often through		Sometimes		Never hour
	SL	%	SL	%	SL	%
1	Assessment content: Assessment of students' career orientation capacity at each grade
	Assessing students' understanding of the world of work career	90	90.0	10	10.0	0	0.0	290	2.90
	Evaluate the process of training the qualities and abilities of related students. to career	95	95.0	5	5.0	0	0.0	295	2.95
	Evaluate career choice activities and study plans according to the career guidance for students	85	85.0	15	15.0	0	0.0	285	2.85
2	Organization of career assessment activities
	Regular reviews	45	45.0	45	45.0	10	10.0	235	2.35
	Periodic review	40	40.0	60	60.0	0	0.0	240	2.40
3	Evaluation method
	Observe	75	75.0	25	25.0	0	0.0	275	2.75
	Q&A	70	70.0	30	30.0	0	0.0	270	2.70
	Lesson learned	68	68.0	32	32.0	0	0.0	268	2.68
	Multiple choice test	90	90.0	10	10.0	0	0.0	290	2.90
	Product works	50	50.0	50	50.0	0	0.0	250	2.50
	Student self-assessment	78	78.0	22	22.0	0	0.0	278	2.78
	Teacher and student reviews parents of students	67	67.0	33	33.0	0	0.0	267	2.67
	Assessment is based on the overall results of students' abilities and qualities through subjects and other activities	79	79.0	21	21.0	0	0.0	279	2.79

Survey results show:

- Regarding assessment content: The assessed contents include; Assessment of students' understanding of the world of careers; Assessment of the process of training students' qualities and abilities related to careers; Assessment of career selection activities and career-oriented study plans of students. According to the opinions of the majority of managers and teachers surveyed, these contents are mainly carried out at a regular level. The average score ranges from 2.85 to 2.95. The percentage of subjects choosing the regular level for these contents is 90%, 95% and 85% respectively. This assessment is the basis for adjusting career guidance activities for students, helping career guidance activities achieve higher results.

- There is a dispersion of opinions among administrators and teachers about the organization of career guidance assessment activities for students when the percentage of frequency and sometimes the same level. This contradicts the opinions about the assessment content presented above.

- Regarding assessment methods: The main assessment methods for current career guidance activities in secondary schools in Lang Giang district, Bac Giang province are observation and testing (90% of opinions choose the regular level). Other methods are also chosen by many subjects at the regular level such as "Assessment based on the synthesis results of students' abilities and qualities through other subjects and activities" (79%); "Students' self-assessment" (78% of opinions). In our opinion, these assessment methods do not objectively reflect the results of career guidance activities for students according to the new general education program because it is difficult to separate which qualities and career orientation abilities are developed through career guidance activities or other teaching and educational activities when schools evaluate based on the synthesis results of students' abilities and qualities through other subjects and activities. The same is true for the observation method. This situation requires schools to supplement other assessment methods to ensure assessment results are close to reality and effective in career guidance activities for students according to the new general education program.

To find out the cause of this situation, we interviewed Ms. D.TVA of Tan Thinh Secondary School, Lang Giang District and learned that: Because the new general education program has not been implemented in practice, many teachers do not understand that experiential activities and career guidance are compulsory educational activities according to this program. Currently, schools mainly still provide career guidance for students according to the current program, there has been no change.

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