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Crop Area and Production From 2000 to 2008

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Table 3.2. Crop production area from 2000 to 2008


TT

Area, output (whole year)

2000

2005

2006

2007

2008

1


Paddy

Annual rice area (ha)

1092

1046

1066

1019

1922

2

Annual rice output (tons)

5287

6319

6027

5748

10142

3


Corn

Corn area for the year (ha)

198

238

261

251

436

4

Annual corn output (tons)

664

1132

1103

1212

1753

5


Potato

Potato area for the whole year (ha)

23

11

14

27

57

6

Annual potato output (tons)

124

73

89

209

380

7

Soybeans

Soybean area for the year (ha)

30

21

31

23

36

8

Soybean output for the whole year (tons)

41

33

47

33

56

9


Lost

Peanut area for the whole year (ha)

4

3

2

2

22

10

Annual peanut output (tons)

3

5

3

3

38

11


Sugarcane

Annual sugarcane area (ha)

67

2

3

10

13

12

Annual sugarcane output (tons)

3216

127

149

582

715

13

Growing vegetables

Annual vegetable growing area (ha)

76

203

203

177

182

14

Annual vegetable output (tons)

826

2229

2178

1886

1828

15


Bean

Annual bean area (ha)

33

0

0

2

3

16

Annual bean output (tons)

28

0

0

2

2

17


Total

Area (ha)

1523

1524

1580

1511

2671

18

Output (tons)

10189

9918

9596

9675

14914

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Crop Area and Production From 2000 to 2008

[12],[16, p.168]

The area for growing food crops has not increased, remaining at around 1,523 hectares annually, while the area for growing vegetables has increased rapidly from 76 hectares in 2000 to 203 hectares in 2005. Annual and perennial industrial crops have not developed.

Implementing the transformation of crop structure, introducing varieties of plants with high economic efficiency into production. Initially forming a number of concentrated production areas.

Specialized farming in the direction of commodity production linked to the market and increasing economic efficiency per unit area such as specialized farming of flowers, vegetables of all kinds, specialized farming of animal feed plants.

After the expansion of the town, the town's agricultural land will increase significantly (929.19 ha) about 15,600 ha in the suburban communes. The direct grain output will increase by 22,000 tons, the area of ​​rice, corn, potatoes, soybeans and other crops will also increase significantly [83, p.28]. The focus will be on developing specialized high-value crops, winter crops, vegetables and colors for urban areas; developing flowers and ornamental plants to meet the needs of the future city; at the same time, reserving land for livestock development.

Implementing the transformation of crop structure, introducing high-economic efficiency varieties into production. Initially forming a number of specialized concentrated production areas towards commodity production linked to the market and increasing economic efficiency per unit area. Some vegetable and flower growing areas reach from 80 to 100 million VND/ha/year. Implementing policies to encourage production development, applying scientific and technical advances; supporting funding, investing in the construction of 3 pumping stations, 2 steel cage dams, solidifying more than 11km of canals, bringing the area of ​​irrigated rice all year round to 88.5%. Supporting interest rates for implementing projects on raising buffaloes and beef cattle, buying land preparation machines, total support funding of over 1 billion VND.

Changing the structure of crops and livestock, intensive farming, and increasing the number of crops in the direction of diversification are important factors in building fields with a value of 50 million VND/ha/year in Tuyen Quang town. Y La commune is at the forefront of building fields with high cultivation value. The commune has over 300 hectares of cultivated land, of which 18 hectares are specialized in vegetables and roses with a cultivation value of 70 to 130 million VND/ha/year. Along with the conversion to aquaculture, the estimated annual income value is initially from 70 to 90 million VND/ha, raising the average cultivation value of the whole commune to over 40 million VND/ha/year. Farmers in Hung Thanh commune have also grown off-season vegetables with an income of over 120 million VND/ha/year, after deducting costs, the profit is from 30 to 40 million VND/ha/year.

To have fields with an income of 50 million VND/ha/year, Tuyen Quang town has determined that science and technology and policy mechanisms must go hand in hand to create enthusiasm for farmers to participate. Through training courses, farmers have access to new science and technology in livestock and crop farming. The town has developed and implemented preferential policies for conversion projects such as: support of 1 million VND/sao of roses; 10 million VND/km of built ditch; 2 million VND/well... In just 5 years, the town has supported over 100 million VND for farmers in 4 communes of Y La, Hung Thanh, Trang Da, Nong Tien to build agricultural production models. Thanks to that, more and more fields with an income of more than 50 million VND/ha have appeared. According to statistics, Tuyen Quang town currently has more than 50 hectares of cultivated land with a value of 50 million VND/ha/year or more, mainly clean vegetable fields with a revenue of 70 million VND/ha/year or more (profit from 35 million to 40 million VND), and flower specialized models with an income of 90 to 130 million VND/ha/year (profit from 45 million to 50 million VND/ha/year).

Total food output in 2005 reached 8,101 tons, an increase of 2,150 tons compared to 2000, average rice yield reached 64.8 tons/ha, corn yield reached 48 tons/ha, average food per capita for agricultural population reached 627 kg/year. Annually, the herd of cattle increased by 11.9%; the herd of poultry increased by 5%; fish output in 2005 reached 165 tons. Actively preventing and controlling diseases for livestock and poultry effectively, preventing outbreaks of diseases. [15, p.193]

Since 2006, the town has also implemented the project to build specialized farming and livestock areas towards commodity production in the period of 2006 - 2010; build and implement a number of production models with high economic efficiency such as growing vegetables, flowers, aquaculture; train and transfer science and technology in farming and livestock farming to farmers; put specialty rice varieties into production, improve economic efficiency on 1 hectare of cultivated land; develop livestock and poultry farming towards industry; build a concentrated livestock farming model in Y La, Trang Da, Nong Tien communes, a large-scale poultry farming model

model over 2,000 animals in Hung Thanh commune, Y La commune; convert ineffective rice land to aquaculture, focus on disease prevention for livestock and poultry.

In 2007, Tuyen Quang town continued to promote intensive farming of the entire existing cultivated area, and at the same time converted swampy agricultural land with low economic efficiency into aquaculture in 4 suburban communes to increase the average cultivation value of the whole town to 40 million VND/ha/year.

Regarding livestock: During the implementation of the restructuring program, female cows were selected and the herd was bio-chemicalized. The herd of cows was raised in stature, and the herd of buffalo was maintained stably. Some households have raised foreign sows to replace Mong Cai pigs. The livestock model of 300 - 500 heads has been maintained and developed. The livestock industry has developed rapidly.

Thanks to effective models and projects in developing the livestock industry, livestock products such as meat, eggs, milk, etc. have all increased in recent years.

When expanding the town, the suburban areas in communes such as Phu Lam, Hoang Khai, An Khang, etc. are areas with favorable conditions of hilly land and water for developing livestock and poultry farming. The scale of the town's livestock and poultry herds also increased significantly.

Shifting the structure of crops and livestock has increased production value. From the movement of shifting the structure of crops, specialized and multi-cropping areas have been formed, models of raising pigs for meat, lean sows, models of raising Egyptian chickens, raising porcupines, raising rabbits combined with growing flowers in hill gardens... have brought out the potential and strengths of lands that were still facing many difficulties. The income of people in agricultural communes has increased, many poor households have escaped poverty, gradually contributing to narrowing the gap between the rich and the poor between urban and rural areas in Tuyen Quang town.

With the advantage of being the center of trade, cultural and social exchange of the province, the traffic hub with districts in the province and neighboring provinces, Tuyen Quang town has promoted its advantages, put the program of developing high-quality plant and animal varieties to the forefront to gradually improve productivity and quality effectively. Shifting the agricultural economic structure and the structure of crops and livestock more quickly, strongly developing crops and livestock to form a concentrated commodity production area, meeting the increasing demand of the market in and outside the province.

Agricultural production in Tuyen Quang town is not a key economic sector in the current period, but it plays a very important role because a stable agricultural economy will ensure the livelihoods of thousands of farmers in the area, while contributing to the ecological balance of urbanized areas. Therefore, Tuyen Quang town has had many policies to develop agriculture and shift the structure of crops and livestock appropriately. Thanks to good propaganda and mobilization work, farmers have been proactive in shifting the structure of crops and livestock, and at the same time applying scientific and technological advances to production in the direction of commodity production, linked to the product consumption market, which has raised people's income, and significantly improved the material and spiritual life of farmers, contributing to the successful implementation of the socio-economic and national defense and security goals set forth by the Resolution of the 17th Tuyen Quang Town Party Congress. Creating a new look for Tuyen Quang town in the development of the country. This is the condition for effective and sustainable restructuring of agricultural production to build new rural areas in the period of industrialization, modernization and international economic integration.

Tuyen Quang town will develop and become a city in 2010, with a stable and sustainable economy. This also sets a new direction for the agricultural economy in Tuyen Quang town, with better quality and efficiency. In which, the basis for shifting the production structure is to choose economically efficient crops and livestock, linking production with consumption, developing production in parallel.

with the construction of rural agricultural technical infrastructure. Forming a chain linking agricultural business with industry and services in rural areas. Promoting agricultural trade promotion, vocational training for farmers to serve the agricultural production restructuring program, prioritizing and making agricultural economic development an important goal in sustainable economic development in the locality.

Forestry


Our world is changing at a dizzying pace, especially the natural world, including the role and scope of forests. Economic, social and environmental changes have forced forests to face a series of challenges and choices. How to promote sustainable forest management for the town as well as the whole province, how to increase the contribution of forests to local economic development, contribute to poverty reduction for rural people, forest fringes, and at the same time maximize the environmental protection function of forests. Along with agricultural development, the town has done a good job of caring for and protecting existing forests; organizing propaganda, signing commitments to protect forests without violating forestry laws; strengthening inspections of forest processing facilities, preventing illegal exploitation, transportation and trading of forest products in the area, and organizing a good tree planting festival "Forever grateful to Uncle Ho".


The town's forestry land area is not large, accounting for 28.6% of the total natural area, but it accounts for a fairly large proportion of the town's total agricultural land area. Before 2008, there were 1,239 hectares of forest land, of which 58.2% was production forest land, the remaining 41.8% was protective forest. [98, p.43]

In the period 2005 - 2008, the town focused on protecting existing forests, promoting natural regeneration and planting new forests, linking forest planting and protection with settlement. The management mechanism began to change in forestry towards state-owned enterprises and forestry farms providing two-way services to households, farms, and the private sector.

forestry. Therefore, the work of land allocation and forest contracting has had a positive impact on each household and individual who undertakes agricultural and forestry work combined with forest planting. In forestry production, exploitation from forests (exploitation of timber, firewood, bamboo, reeds, other forest products...) accounts for a large proportion (accounting for over 70% of the total value of forestry production). Forestry services have also increased gradually.

Forest protection work is also regularly concerned. In 2008, the existing forest area was well protected, including 446.9 ha of natural forest and 796.7 ha of planted forest. 3 ha of new forest were planted in the area of ​​the Zinc Powder Enterprise; 30 ha of post-exploitation forest were exploited and replanted. The town's forest protection department coordinated with relevant agencies to detect and handle 23 cases of illegal exploitation, storage and transportation of forest products, collecting over 27.5 million VND to the state budget.

Income from forests accounts for an increasing proportion in the town's production value structure, and the town's forest product processing industry accounts for a large proportion in industrial development.

After expanding the forest area will increase 6-7 times the current area. This is a good condition for planning the development of all types of forests, especially organizing the development of production forests to both maintain coverage and increase income from forestry.

Aquaculture: In recent years, the development speed of aquaculture in the town is still slow compared to its potential, small scale, low productivity. The production and supply system of seeds has not been consolidated.

The aquaculture area has increased but slowly. In 2000, the whole town had 35 hectares of land for aquaculture, and by 2005 it had increased to 39 hectares [65, p.9] (in 2008 it was 34.88 hectares). The application of scientific and technical advances has not been extensive, mainly relying on traditional fish farming experience, intensive investment has not received due attention from producers, new fish varieties with high productivity and good quality such as monosex tilapia, 3-blood hybrid carp, and white pomfret have been raised but still on a small scale.

In 2005, the whole town produced over 165 tons of fish, which was not enough to meet the town's consumption needs and had to be purchased from other places. By 2008, the aquatic product output reached 410 tons, 2.4 times higher than in 2005 [16, p.207].

Thus, in recent years, agriculture has maintained a high growth rate. The production of crops is relatively stable and tends to shift strongly to crops with high economic value such as vegetables, colors, flowers, and ornamental plants. Agricultural extension work has been well implemented, initially transferring scientific and technical advances in the production of crops, livestock, and new varieties to the people, serving well the work of transforming the structure of crops and livestock, creating a breakthrough in the restructuring of the agricultural and rural economy. Veterinary work and plant protection work have been effective, ensuring the safety of livestock, poultry, and crops throughout the town.

Regarding forestry, the work of zoning, protecting and preventing forest fires has been carried out well and achieved high efficiency. The work of afforestation and planting scattered trees has made much progress and is increasingly supported by the people.

Regarding aquaculture, the Fisheries Promotion Program has initially been effective. Aquaculture is showing signs of development, although the aquaculture area is not large, but due to the initial application of scientific and technical advances, the restructuring of livestock with new fish varieties with high productivity and good quality has gradually created high value. Seeing the effectiveness of aquaculture, farmers have boldly invested capital, taking advantage of water surface for aquaculture.

However, there are still many limitations that need to be overcome. The agricultural sector is shifting in the right direction, but the variety of products in the agricultural sector is still monotonous, poor, of low quality and limited in quantity, the competitiveness of agricultural products is still limited. Slow development of specialized vegetable, color and flower and ornamental plant growing areas. The area is still low, not meeting current needs. Organizational models have not been created.

Appropriate livestock farming has a scale. Although the quality of livestock and poultry has been paid attention to, research and application of advanced technology is still lacking. The scale of livestock farming is still small, poultry farming is mainly done by households, and livestock farming has not been concentrated in commodity areas.

The agricultural extension force is still weak, not focusing on building production areas with reasonable crop structure, thereby increasing crop and livestock productivity in accordance with the development conditions of each region; not building specialized production areas with high productivity and value. There are no specific measures to create a link between the processing industry and raw material supply areas.

Forestry products are only in the form of raw material exports, causing waste of resources that not all localities have. Aquaculture has not fully exploited the potential of surface water for aquaculture, the potential of rivers, streams, ponds, and large lakes, but the introduction and exploitation of rare fish species for aquaculture development purposes has not been studied for adaptation or development; the transfer and application of scientific and technical advances into production practices is slow compared to the region, not fully utilizing the available natural conditions of the town.

The above situation is due to the rapid urbanization process, the narrowing of land area for agricultural production, in addition to unfavorable natural conditions, making agriculture face new challenges. Scientific and technical progress is a guarantee for the success of agricultural production in the new period. However, due to the distance from the center, the use of new varieties and new techniques is limited, making agriculture still face many difficulties. Employment and quality of agricultural labor are not high, at the same time there are no measures to train and support agricultural means, so agricultural labor productivity is very low.

3.2.5. Finance - banking

Budget collection in the area achieved high results, always exceeding the assigned plan and overcoming the situation of accumulated revenue compared to previous years; the budget collection structure has gradually become more stable, domestic revenue has become an important source of revenue for the town.

In 2005, the town's budget revenue reached 96.2 billion VND, 1.2 times higher than in 2001; exceeding the assigned plan. Of which, revenue from the previous year's surplus accounted for 15% of the total budget revenue in 2005, revenue from the budget accounted for 85.4% including revenue from the central budget. In 2008, the budget revenue reached 159.3 billion VND, 1.65 times higher than in 2005.

Table 3.3. Revenue and expenditure balance of Tuyen Quang town budget for 3 years (2006 - 2008)

Unit: million VND


TT

Category

2006

2007

2008

I

Budget revenue

100,659.2

114,996.7

159,352.1

1

Town budget revenue

91,223.0

105,218.0

145,074.0

2

Budget revenue at ward and commune levels

9,436.2

9,778.7

14,278.1

II

Budget expenditure

100,244,1

144,483.7

154,989.0

1

Source of town budget expenditure

91,217.1

104,905.1

141,371.0

2

Budget expenditure sources at ward and commune levels

9,027.0

9,578.6

13,618.0


Balance of town budget revenue and expenditure

415.1

513.0

4,368.1

[100, p.42]

The town's budget expenditure has met the assigned tasks, serving well the requirements of socio-economic development. Local budget expenditure is implemented in accordance with the plan and regulations of the State.

In 2005, local budget expenditure reached 83 billion VND, of which development investment expenditure accounted for 28.4% of total local budget expenditure, regular expenditure accounted for 59.1%, and expenditure for education and training was about 33.7% [15,

p.100]. In 2008, local budget expenditure reached 154.9 billion VND, of which

Development investment accounts for 14.9% of total local budget expenditure, regular expenditure accounts for 65.87%, and expenditure on education and training is about 32.2%. [16, p.102]

Regarding financial and credit work, the town has managed and exploited revenue sources well. Annual budget revenue in the area exceeds the planned target. Decentralization of budget management and revenue and expenditure allocation mechanisms have been well implemented. Decentralization of budget management and revenue and expenditure allocation mechanisms have been well implemented in accordance with the provisions of the State Budget Law; effective use of revenue sources contributed by the people to build infrastructure, ensure financial transparency, practice thrift, and combat waste in budget spending.

Credit work has made much progress, capital mobilization by the end of 2005 reached 106 billion VND, loan turnover reached 600 billion VND, outstanding debt reached 490 billion VND.

Since 2006: to ensure strict management, good exploitation of revenue sources and increase budget revenue in the area, meeting the requirements of financial resources, on June 30, 2006, the Standing Committee of the Town Party Committee issued Directive No. 04-CT/TU on State budget collection in Tuyen Quang town. Implementing the directive, Party committees, authorities, and organizations from the town to the grassroots have regularly paid attention to leading, directing, and coordinating the implementation of state budget collection. The town People's Committee has built, developed, and implemented a project to increase the town budget revenue for the period 2006 - 2010; focused on planning resettlement areas, auctioning land use rights, and implementing the personal income tax law in the area. Total budget revenue in 2008 reached 159.3 billion VND, exceeding the plan by 0.6%.

3.2.6. Infrastructure - Basic construction and urban planning

Urban management is of particular importance to ensure sustainable development, to ensure and harmoniously resolve immediate and long-term, partial and global, individual and community interests. It is not just a simple task.

purely of the administrative management agency, but is the task of the entire Party, the entire people, and many agencies, in which the government with its system of functional agencies plays the main role. For Tuyen Quang town: The 6th Conference of the Executive Committee of the Town Party Committee, term XVI, issued Resolution No. 03/NQ/TU on April 1, 2002 on strengthening urban management work in the period 2002-2005, setting the goal of socializing urban work; strictly managing land, construction, and technical infrastructure works; Complete planning items to proactively concentrate investment resources, build effective urban infrastructure, accelerate urbanization so that the town soon becomes a third-class urban area, striving to become a city by 2010. Implementing the resolution, the town has invested 19 billion VND to upgrade 15km of inner-city roads, build 75km of concrete roads connecting hamlets, groups, and residential areas with the motto "The State and the people work together", in which the State supports cement worth 6.47 billion VND, the people contribute working days, sand and gravel materials worth 2.54 billion VND. The telecommunications network has been invested and upgraded; the telephone usage density reached 30.5 phones/100 people. [21, p.21]

Urban management work gradually became orderly, streets were renovated, and infrastructure investment and development were made. In 2005, a general planning design was established for the expansion of Tuyen Quang town until 2010 and development orientation until 2020. Detailed planning of 43 residential areas, construction of 10 new residential areas, and site clearance for 48 projects. Planning and construction of roads and sidewalks on Binh Thuan Street, Tan Quang 2 Street, Xuan Hoa area roads, construction of main drainage systems for three inner-city wards, and upgrading of clean water supply systems to serve production and daily life of the people. Upgrading and constructing 40 concrete and asphalt roads with a total length of 23.4 km. Construction and opening of new traffic intersections and traffic light systems at the intersection of Binh Thuan Street, the intersection of the Department of Transport, the intersection of Binh Thuan Street connecting to 17-8 Street. Construction and putting into use a centralized livestock slaughterhouse. Organize socialization of environmental sanitation in collecting, transporting and treating waste,

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