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Area of ​​Planted Forests and Production Forests in Luc Ngan District


Table 4.2: Production forest planting objectives in Luc Ngan district


Goals, products


production forest


Main crop species

I/ Wood product supply group

1. Raw materials: paper, chips, peeling,...

Eucalyptus, Acacia, etc.

2. Construction materials

Types of Acacia, Pine, Xoai ta, Bach

piano,…

3. Mine pillar wood

Acacia, Horsetail Pine, Eucalyptus, etc.

4. Household wood

Types of Acacia, Xoan ta, Pine, etc.

II/ Non-wood product supply group

1. Bamboo

- Bamboo

- Stream

2. Bamboo shoots

Imported bamboo and domestic bamboo, Luong

3. Rosin

Macro code

4. White Canarium fruit and sap

White filling

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Area of ​​Planted Forests and Production Forests in Luc Ngan District

It can be seen that the goal of concentrated production forest planting in Luc Ngan has been defined quite clearly, specifically to provide raw materials for paper, chips, peeling, or mine pole wood,... with the main tree species being Eucalyptus, Acacia of all kinds, Pine,...

Regarding non-timber forest products, the target of afforestation has also been relatively clearly defined:

For Pine, the current price of pine resin is very high (14,000 VND/kg), so the development of this product has certain advantages. Bamboo and Bamboo products have also had new developments, while White Canarium is still in its initial stage.

4.1.3. Area of ​​planted forests and production forests in Luc Ngan district

The area of ​​planted forests as well as production forests of Luc Ngan district is presented in table 4.3.


Table 4.3: Summary of forest area and cover by district in Bac Giang province



District


Natural area (ha)

Natural forest area (ha)


Forest area (ha)

Area of ​​vacant land planned for forestry (ha)


Forest cover (%)

1. Hiep Hoa

20,107.9

-

167.4

-

0.8

2. Lang Giang

24,575.2

236.7

3,577.6

108.7

15.3

3. Luc Nam

59,690.0

14,679.0

16,309.9

1,411.6

49.3

4. Luc Ngan

101,223.7

12,120.5

31,510.9

14,138.2

42.5

5. Son Dong

84,432.4

44,670.7

12,233.3

13,005.4

65.3

6. Bac Giang City

3,221.8

-

97.6

-

3.0

7. Tan Yen

20,373.8

0.7

2,080.4

79.0

10.2

8. Viet Yen

17,135.4

-

772.6

75.2

4.4

9. Yen Dung

21,338.2

-

2,501.9

30.8

11.0

10. Yen The

30,101.5

1,869.3

12,248.5

1,800.3

41.8

Provincewide

382,220.0

73,576.9

81,500.1

30,649.2

39.1

(Source: Bac Giang Provincial People's Committee, Forest and forestry land area in 2005)

According to data in Table 4.3, Luc Ngan is a mountainous district with the largest natural area in Bac Giang province (101,223.7 ha), accounting for 26.5% of the province's total area; continued

These are Son Dong district (84,432.4 ha) and Luc Nam district (59,690 ha). The natural forest area of ​​Luc Ngan district is 12,120.5 ha, ranking third after Son Dong and Luc Nam. However, the planted forest area in Luc Ngan is the largest in the province (31,510.9 ha), accounting for 38.7% of the planted forest area of ​​the whole province; Luc Nam is the district with the second largest planted forest area in the province, however, the area is only 16,309.9 ha (only 51.8% of the planted forest area of ​​Luc Ngan district). The area of ​​vacant land planned for forestry in Luc Ngan district is the highest in the province (14,138.2 ha), accounting for 46.1% of the total vacant land planned for forestry in Bac Giang province; followed by Son Dong district (13,005.4 ha), other units in the province do not have much of this area left. Forest coverage of Luc Ngan district ranks third in the province (42.5%), but has also approximated the national forest coverage criteria by 2010 (43-44%). With all these advantages, it can be said that Luc Ngan is truly a promising location for the development of production forest plantation.


Table 4.4: Forest area and forestry land in Luc Ngan district.


Category

Area (ha)

Structure (%)

Natural area

101,223.7

100

I. Forested land

43,631.4

43.1

A. Natural forest

12,120.5

27.8

1. Timber forest

12,119.8

99.9

2.Bamboo forest

0.7

0.1

B. Planted forests

31,510.9

72.2

1. Planted forests have reserves

5,108.7

16.4

2.Planted forests have no reserves

11,224.2

35.6

3. Specialty plants

15,106.0

48.0

II. Non-forest land planned for forestry

14,138.2

14.0

III. Other land

43,454.1

42.9

(Source: Bac Giang Provincial People's Committee, Forest and forestry land area in 2005)

Through Table 4.4, we can see that the forested land area of ​​Luc Ngan district is 43,631.4 ha - accounting for 43.1% of the total land area of ​​the district; of which the planted forest area is 31,510.9 ha - accounting for 72.2% of the total forested land area. This is truly an advantage for the development of planted forests in general and production forests in particular in the locality. With 11,224.2 ha of young forest (no reserves), it shows that the attention and investment in afforestation of Luc Ngan district has increased sharply in recent years. In addition, the land fund planned for forestry is 14,138.2 ha of bare land (accounting for 14% of the total land fund of the district) - this is both a strength and a potential for forestry development in the region.


Table 4.5: Forest area and forestry land in Luc Ngan district classified by function

Unit: ha.


Soil type, forest type

Total

acreage

Classification by function

Protection

Manufacture

Natural area

101,223.7



I. Forested land

43,631.4

21,419.6

22,211.8

A. Natural forest

12,120.5

9,591.0

2,529.5

1. Timber forest

12,119.8

9,590.3

2,529.5

2.Bamboo forest

0.7

0.7


B. Planted forests

31,510.9

11,128.6

19,682.3

1. Planted forests have reserves

5,108.7

3,186.1

1,994.6

2.Planted forests have no reserves

11,224.2

4,756.1

6,468.1

4. Specialty plants

15,106.0

3,886.4

11,219.6

II. Non-forest land (plan for forestry)

14,138.2

5,693.3

8,444.9

III. Other land

43,454.1



(Source: Bac Giang Provincial People's Committee, Forest and forestry land area in 2005)

Data in Table 4.5 shows that in the total of 43,631.4 hectares of forested land, the areas of protection forests and production forests do not differ much (21,419.6 hectares of protection forests and 22,211.8 hectares of production forests). However, the areas of natural forests and planted forests classified by function have quite clear differences: natural forests with protection functions have an area nearly 4 times larger than the areas of natural forests with production functions (9,591.0 hectares compared to 2,529.5 hectares); with planted forests, the areas with production functions are nearly double the areas of forests with protection functions (19,682.3 hectares and 11,128.6 hectares). In addition to 1,994.6 hectares of production forests with reserves ready for harvest, the whole district still has 6,468.1 hectares of production forests without reserves and 11,219.6 hectares of trees.

Luc Ngan also allocates a large amount of land for forestry development, especially for the development of production forests: 8,444.9 hectares of non-forest land planned for production forests (accounting for 59.7% of the total area of ​​bare land planned for forestry).


Forest and forestry land areas in communes of Luc Ngan district are presented in table 4.6.

Table 4.6. Forest land area of ​​Luc Ngan district divided by commune.



Commune

Acreage

natural (ha)

Natural forest

naturally

Forest

planted (ha)

Land not

Forest (plan for forestry) (ha)

Coverage

forest cover (%)

1. Bien Son

4,209.0


1,946.2

530.2

43.6

2. Rough Sea

1,851.5

4.5

907.7

14.6

49.0

3. Cam Son

4,052.0

751.1

1,405.3

933.5

51.4

4. Giap Son

1,863.5


765.5

10.7

40.4

5. Hong Giang

1,494.0


81.5


5.5

6. Support

4,527.0


3,020.4

569.5

60.1

7. Kim Son

7,584.5


1,296.9

114.9

16.8

8. Perseverance

5,600.0

973.6

2,707.3

157.8

63.5

9.Kien Thanh

3,147.5


1,226.5

238.4

38.3

10.My An

1,545.0

32.1

379.5

29.1

26.6

11. Indonesia

2,966.0

371.9

894.8

490.7

41.5

12. Nghia Ho

968.4





13. Phong Minh

7,022.5

2,420.2

455.4

1,576.1

40.6

14. Wind and Cloud

6,014.0

175.5

1,969.4

1,459.4

33.2

15. Phuong Son

2,078.8

7.8

335.2

0.8

16.5

16. Fat Field

715.0


278.4

0.5

38.8

17. Phu Nhuan

2,392.2

461.1

1,108.1

141.7

64.3

18. Quy Son

4,008.9


1,464.5

95.3

35.7

19. Son Hai

5,267.5

842.5

2,277.4

1.00.1

56.1

20. TT Chu

264.1





21.Thanh Hai

2,600.0


452.6

374.3

17.4

22. Tru Huu

1,288.3


98.6

1,189.7

7.7

23. Xinhua

3,060.0


1,431.6

36.6

46.6

24.Tan Lap

5,581.0

1,173.4

1,215.1

1,627.1

42.1

25. Tan Moc

3,748.0

554.3

1,160.7

782.6

45.1

26. Tan Quang

1,724.5


1,039.8


60.3

27.Tan Son

5,320.0

648.2

1,861.8

1,508.2

44.5

28.Xa Ly

4,085.5

977.2

410.9

1,714.5

30.6

29. Gia Pass

4,414.5

2,727.1

513.2

720.3

73.2

30.Dong Coc

1,830.5


806.6

11.3

44.1

District-wide

101,223.7

12,120.5

31,510.9

14,138.2

41.6

(Source: Bac Giang Provincial People's Committee, Forest and forestry land area in 2005)


Through the data in Table 4.6, we see that the communes with large planted forest areas are Ho Dap with 3,020.4 ha; Kien Lao with 2,707.3 ha; Son Hai with 2,277.4 ha; Phong Van with 1,969.4 ha; Bien Son with 1,946.2 ha; Tan Son with 1,861.8 ha;... In 14,138.2 ha of non-forest land planned for forestry, the communes still have a lot of vacant land that can be planted with forests such as Xa Ly with 1,714.5 ha; Phong Minh with 1,576.1 ha; Tan Lap with 1,627.1 ha; Tan Son with 1,508.2 ha; Phong Van with 1,459.4 ha; … Although the district's forest cover is uneven, it is quite high: 17/30 communes have a forest cover of 40% or more, some communes have a forest cover of over 60% such as Deo Gia (73.2%), Phu Nhuan (64.3%), Kien Lao (63.5%), Tan Quang (60.3%),...

Data in Table 4.7 shows that in the period 2000 - 2005, Luc Ngan district planted

1,891.8 hectares of concentrated production forest are planted, with an average of over 300 hectares planted each year.

Table 4.7: Area of ​​concentrated production forests in Luc Ngan district in the period 2000 - 2005

Unit: ha.


Year of implementation

Implementing unit

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

1. Luc Ngan Forestry

111.7

177.0

160.5

168.7

110.4

113.7

Macro code

111.7

169.5

145.5

132.0

66.2

22.4

Eucalyptus Urophylla


7.5


10.0

10.3

19.1

Glue



15.0

26.7

33.9

72.2

2. Vietnam - Germany Forestry Project

324.4


151.7

237.9

266.3

69.5

Eucalyptus + Acacia

324.4

100.7

125.4

142.3


Macro code


51.0

112.5

124.0

91.5

Flower slices, Medicinal herbs, White canarium




20.0

22.0

Total

436.1

177.0

312.2

406.6

376.7

183.2

The main tree species in production forestry are still Pinus brevicii and Pinus brevicii mixed with Acacia auriculiformis. In recent years, Acacia hybrid and Eucalyptus Urophylla with selected varieties and propagated by tissue culture and cuttings have begun to receive attention. In 2001, Luc Ngan Forest Enterprise planted 7.5 hectares of Eucalyptus Urophylla ; in 2002, planted 15 hectares of Acacia hybrid. In 2005, the area planted with Eucalyptus

Urophylla increased to 19.1 ha and Acacia hybrid to 72.2 ha . With the planted forest areas


Production is supported by the KFW project for investment. The direction of production forest planting, in addition to the main purpose of timber extraction, the project also aims to build sustainable forest stands. After 20-25 years of restoration, the mature pine forest is accompanied by regenerated trees of some light-loving species, so the main forest planting species is still Pinus sylvatica or Pinus sylvatica mixed with Acacia auriculiformis; some small areas are experimenting with planting pure Canarium or Myrtle.

In addition to the concentrated production forest area of ​​Luc Ngan Forest Enterprise and households participating in the KFW project, every year the district also has a quantity of timber trees and minor forest products planted in scattered forest gardens and small private farms.

The results of afforestation in Luc Ngan district in recent years can be seen.

There has been a clear distinction between afforestation in general and afforestation in particular since 2000.

General comments:

Intensive forest planting to increase productivity in Bac Giang province in general and Luc Ngan district in particular has received real attention, especially since the Program to plant 5 million hectares of new forests.

The implementation of forest planting in actual production has achieved positive results: The selection of forest planting structure has initially followed the product orientation as well as the actual conditions of the locality. Currently, Luc Ngan is one of the areas of raw materials for mine pillars for the Northeast coal region with species of Bach

Luc Ngan is also a potential raw material area providing wood chips, paper and in the near future, providing wood panel materials for the laminated wood factory of the Northeast Forestry and Agriculture Company (Vinafor).

With the existing planted forest area and land fund for afforestation, Luc Ngan in particular and Bac Giang province in general have really made significant progress in developing production forests.

4.2. Summary and evaluation of production forest planting models in Luc Ngan district - Bac Giang province

4.2.1. Plant species for production forests


Species present in the planted forests of Luc Ngan district include both fast-growing timber species that provide small timber and firewood and large timber species, as shown in Table 4.8.

Table 4.8. List of tree species introduced for afforestation in Luc Ngan


Species name

The

stage


Large timber supply


Supply medium and small wood


Beyond wood


Before 1990

Black Cassia, Green Lim, Flower Lat, Horsetail Pine.

White eucalyptus,

Xoan ta.

Plastic: Pine, Pine,

Fruit: Plum




Plastic: Pine, Pine


Black Cassia,


horsetail,


Great Code,

Acacia species,

Fruit: Plum

From 1990 to present

White filling, Slice

Xoan ta, Bach



flowers, medicinal herbs,

all kinds of guitars

Bamboo, Use chalk,


Xoan ta.


Agarwood (test)




test)

According to the list of tree species in Table 4.8, it can be seen that before and after 1990, species such as Pinus latifolia, Latinae, Cassia alba, and Canarium cypressa were all planted with the purpose of providing large timber. However, in reality, these species grow slowly, so they are mainly planted in protective forests, scattered or on small areas, with little or no statistical area. With production forests, the stage

Before 1990, the species that could provide small and medium-sized timber were simply white eucalyptus and Xoan ta. After 1990, like many other localities in the country, Luc Ngan began to have new changes in the use of forest tree species. The species that could provide timber combined with non-timber forest products were not many, the amount of non-timber forest products was not large but played a quite important role in the daily life of a part of the people.

4.2.2. Technical measures:

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