Comparative method in Ede customary law texts - 25

EDE CUSTOMS LAW (I)

TRANSLATION (II)

KINH PEOPLE USED TO SAY

(III)

1

Mnuih knah hlo`ng, kto`ng du`k ku, mnuih lu klei.

He who is like a gong or a tailless octopus is a beast.

troublemaker (1, p. 43).

-A person who often causes trouble with others.

Brö`n wa`ng amaâo thaao da`; brö`n knga`n amaâo thaao goâ; mtoâ lac` klei amaâo thaao göt.

He is like a rolling pin that refuses to be straightened, like a rubbing pin that refuses to be bent, he refuses to listen to his parents' teachings (verse 1, p. 43).

-Those who do not listen to their parents' advice;

- Fish that don't eat salt will rot, children will disobey their parents.

hundred bad paths

To be honest, I'm afraid; to be honest, I'm afraid. To not be honest, I'm afraid; to not be honest, I'm afraid.

Small pieces of meat are held in a basket, large pieces of meat are held in a basket, small matters are dealt with lightly, large matters are dealt with severely (Dk 1, p. 43).

- Treat with reason.

Ana'nn`u duah ng`n knhaâo, si asaâo kne`, if tle` mae mnong hnuaê araeng amaâo maâo kgo.

He acted like a greedy pig or a sneaky dog, stealing other people's property for no reason. (Dk 3, p. 44).

-The person who often steals other people's property in the village;

- Take whatever you find.

5

Asao eâraê bi kblaêm he`nn`u in`ng; mnuih jho`ng bi hlah, dah blu` bi kmhal he` n`u.

The greedy dog ​​is thrown a hot eggplant, the insolent man is taken.

advice, if not, must be punished. (Dk 3, p. 44)

-Crime must be punished.

Mnieâ nik krah asei, eâkei krah poâ, eâmoâ kbao krah mgaêt.

If you know he is a woman, you must know clearly which one he is; if you know he is a man, you must know which one he is; if he is a buffalo or a cow, you must know clearly who he is.

shepherd (dk 4, p. 45).

-Must catch red-handed.

The sea is clear, the sea is dark, the sea is dark, the sea is dark, the sky is dark, the sky is dark, the sea is dark, the sky is dark, the sea is dark.

When the chicken has grabbed the leg and locked the wing, you must shout loudly so that everyone knows; his clothes, knife, scrubber, and other miscellaneous items

must be kept (condition 4, p. 45).

-Must catch red-handed.

Knueâ pui leh zha`t, ha`t leh djieâ, dhoong lieâ leh tuc`; kdi leh rai Cam ram Yuan; knueâ po`ng tu`ung leh ruaê, po`ong

The fire had long since gone out and the cigarette had died out. All over the valley and the village, everyone had passed by; the story of the earth collapsing in the area.

-The conflict was resolved long ago.

the wind blows, the wind blows

Cham, Kinh region has passed through, everyone

The evil and darkness have ended. (Dk 5, p. 45).

Knueâ po`ng tu`ng leh rua`, pô`ng zlang leh rua`.

The tung tree suffered pain because it was stabbed, the blang tree suffered pain because it was stabbed, this is a matter that has been resolved for compensation (Article 5, page 46).

-Compensation for others is over.

10

Blu`ng zun ng ng`ng, blu`ng hong ng cap.

He pretended to be poor.

fierce, but when speaking to the rich he was insolent (Dk 5, p.46).

- Aggressive with

poor people, rude to rich people

Hlang kroâ lo` mtah, kpieâ djah lo` mmih, kdi jih lo` adoâk.

The painting has dried up but wants to be fresh again, the wine has become weak but wants to be spicy again, the story has passed but wants to be turned back (Dk 5, p. 46).

-Request to review past events.

I'm not a big fan of coal, I'm not a big fan of coal, I'm not a big fan of coal, I'm not a big fan of coal.

The rice that was chewed was soft and he still wanted to turn it over, the sticky rice that was chewed was soft and he still wanted to turn it over, he still wanted to review the things.

the verdict (Article 5, p.46).

-Request review of past events

C~ieat gao ti trang, hlang gau ti mboâ, hloâ mnng ti pum eâjung.

He is like a blade of grass that wants to grow taller than a reed, like a stalk of grass that wants to grow taller than a reed, like a wild animal that wants to surpass a bush.

Ejung (Regulation 6, p. 47).

-Want to do things beyond human strength.

In tleâ, aleâ mneâc`, if not duah mdeâc` mdar.

He is like an eggplant that is always deformed (when people pound it), like a le tree (from afar it looks straight but is actually crushed).

(Regulation 6, p. 47).

-The changeling does not keep his promise.

15

Aseh amaâo pral ai maâo, mnuih amaâo thaâo lu klei.

He is a strong but slow horse, a man who knows little (Dk 6, p. 47).

-Brave but clueless.

-The one who is not fond of

understand anything that leads to a breach of commitment.

Zruk si drao mc`ah, huah si drang hda`ng, if khng duah ha duah then plieâ.

His mouth kept popping like exploding bamboo, and his voice was as clear as the cry of a phoenix (verse 6, page 47).

-Speak like a firecracker;

-Speaking like forced.

Mlan sa klei, hrueâ sa asa`p, wir ro`ng anaêp mdeâ.

Say one thing at night and another during the day, just turn your back and say something else. (Dk 6, p.46).

-Talk back and forth.

Nao ko djuh wôr dja` eâa, nao ko hma wôr dja` wa`ng kga`. If you don't want to say anything, don't say anything.

When he went to get firewood, he forgot to bring water, and when he went to the fields, he forgot to bring a rolling pin. He was a man who often made empty promises (Dk 6, p.47).

-Forget the buffalo while plowing.

Don't worry, don't worry, if you don't, you won't be able to do it.

His mouth was chattering, his words were endless, but he did everything hastily (verse 6, p.47).

-That's nice to say.

do like cat vomit

20

If gao ku`ung, gao knoang, gao asaep kboang sah

He ignored the fences people blocked, the trees people blocked, he ignored the words he had said.

-Block the way.

long distance

Pledge to the Rich Chief

(Regulation 6, p.47).

Rice is dry; rice is sticky; rice is not sticky.

He who disregards the signs of a trap will fall into the trap; he who disregards the barriers and traps will fall into the trap; he who disregards the advice of others will cause trouble that must be brought to trial (Dk 6, p.47).

-Strength and endurance;

-Each person must bear the consequences;

-You reap what you sow.

Mnong knueâ go if hrieâ akaâo doâk dam klam eâa, if hrieâ akaâo doâk eâra eâtung. If you're a pro, you'll be fine.

Anei le`nu doâk hrueâ amaâo yo`ng bo` tlam, mlam amaâo yo`ng bo` aguah; n`u jik jah eâmaên; If you do not know what you are doing, you will be on kdreac.

Before, he came to ask to work as a male servant carrying water and a female servant helping in the house. He was originally a brave and strong person, capable of doing great and difficult tasks.

But now the day does not last until evening, the night does not last until morning, weeding and clearing the fields is tiring, the time he has not been here is not long (Dk 7, p. 48).

- Used to be diligent but now lazy;

- Before the stars so sweet,

Now why are you so careless as if you were cooking?

The witches are wild, wild, and ferocious. They are wild, wild, and ferocious.

If you can't walk, he carries you. If you can't eat, he feeds you. If you don't know something, he tells you.

8, p.48).

-Work together.

In the morning, I heard a voice, but I heard a voice, and I heard a voice.

When people were hungry, he gave them food. When people were thirsty, he carried water to them. When people didn't know the way, he showed them the way.

please (condition 8 page 48).

-Help the guilty;

-Give the enemy a spear.

25

Aseh if weak, sow hanuaet if brei, araeng amaâoao klei, if suffering brei.

He gave the horse, he also gave the whip, the man.

If we don't know something, he will tell us (Dk 8, p. 48).

-Help people

wholeheartedly

If you're afraid, you'll start.

He acted as if an evil spirit had jumped in and considered it his business (Dk 9, p. 48).

-Ferocious as a tiger.

If there is no water, there will be no water, if the duah goes away, no one will.

He is a person who craves mushrooms and eggplants, always wanting to open his mouth to speak.

no reason. (rule 9, page 49).

-Itchy mouth itchy mouth.

Aleâ amaâo knur, n`uc`ur ho`ng dho`ng; aleâ amaâo knur, n`uc`ur hong dao; if duah lo` bi eâ gao klei ya`l dlieâ.

If the bamboo is not sharp, he sharpens it with a knife. If it is still not sharp, he sharpens it with a knife, a sword, or a hook.

he made a mountain out of a molehill (rule 10, page 49 ).

-Moving a small matter into a big one.

EÂlifting rays, if the child is too young; eâsei eâ'a`t, if the duah is wrong; tiea boh araeng blao, if the duah is jho`ng.

The boil that had subsided he made fester, the rice that had cooled he reheated, the man that was a coward he provoked into becoming a monster.

bold person (10, p. 49).

-Fire burns again, add fuel;

-The fire is red, add more straw.

30

N~u hua` eâsei gu` hla, if` mna`m eâa gu` eâ'i; If not, then.

Rice - he ate under leaves, water - he hid under baskets, trays and trays to drink.

He let what happened pass quietly (Dk 11, p. 50).

- A person who has hidden behavior.

If you don't eat anything, you won't be able to eat it; if you use a knife, it won't work.

(He is the one) who looks after the villagers (Article 13, page 50).

-Banyan tree and Bodhi tree.

Zuh u`n tu`n`u, c`ieam; zuh asaâo tu` ko n`u, c`ieâm; buh mnuih tu` ko n`u, pieam roong.

He immediately feeds a pig that is beneficial to him, he immediately feeds a dog that is beneficial to him, and whenever he sees someone who is beneficial to him, he immediately adopts and feeds them (Dk 14, p. 52).

-Greed for the silver carp, regret the carp.

Buh aseh araeng tu` ko n`u, kaê; But it's not a problem, it's not a problem, it's not a problem.

Seeing someone else's horse or buffalo that is beneficial to him, he immediately ties it up. Seeing someone else's slave run away that is beneficial to him, he immediately keeps it and raises it (Dk 14, p. 52).

-Greed for the silver carp, regret the carp.

C~im mtah, kan mtah, kpung kruah if lun hga`l, hlun sah mdro`ng amaâo if kral tu` ko n`u roang ba plieâ.

Fresh meat, raw fish, kpung fish, kruah fish, he swallowed them all, the rich chief's slave that he did not

-Eat raw.

35

Kdi ka zhi` aba`n, kdi ka` sa`n an`ueâ.

The incident is still like an old, worn blanket that has not yet been thrown away (Article 15, p.

52).

-The conflict is still not possible.

all right

Mta amaâo yo`ng hmoâ~, zoâ` amaâo yo`ng tuoam, jah druoâm amaâo yo`ng tol ana`p.

-The incident is still like a person who has not seen it face to face, like a field that has not been cleared completely (condition)

15, p. 52).

-The case is not resolved yet.

The more you speak, the more you think.

He roared like thunder and sprang up like a tiger (verse 15, p. 52).

-Pounce like a tiger.

The game is cool, the game is cool.

He kept it as secret as a coffin that had been sealed, or as a wooden boat that had been sealed (with gaps) (verse 15,

p. 52).

-As tight as a glove.

If you eat maao, you won't be able to eat it.

The lawsuit is as old as a potato without its core (Article 16, page 53).

-It's been a long time.

40

Blang eâlu`ng, eâsu`ng hluh, if you are in trouble.

He said they were like a hollowed-out cotton tree, like a mortar with a hole in the bottom.

while there is nothing like that at all. (Dk 17, p. 54).

-Defame others.

C~ih braih hroh, boh eâpang yang hrueâ, eâkei mnieâ c`ih.

Innocent boys and girls, as innocent as newly pounded rice grains, as bright as epang flowers , as bright as sunlight (verse 17, p. 54).

- Beautiful as Hang Nga;

-Beautiful as a shooting star;

-Beautiful as an angel.

Cih braih hroh, boh eâpang yang hrueâ, eâkei mnieâ cih.

If you want to win, you will die, you will die, you will die.

Innocent boys and girls, as innocent as newly pounded rice grains, as bright as epang flowers , as bright as sunlight.

As for him, he was like a tiger that missed its prey, like a deer that jerked its snout into the right place.

-Good people, bad people.

empty, like a rich man lost

case (article 17, page 54).

Ño`k druah, mbah ala pla` plieâ.

His throat is like a deer's mouth,

His mouth was like a snake's mouth (verse 17, p. 54).

-Mouth has a handle.

Pui wa`l pha, eâa wa`l jo`ng, duah kdi do`ng yang hrueâ, boh klei n`u duah ma`u poâ.

He was wrapped in fire around his thighs and water around his feet. He caused trouble in broad daylight and got his own back beaten with the stick (Dk 17, p.

55).

- Water up to the feet.

45

Soh zaêng eâgei, mlei zaêng kzoêng, if duah is awai; n`u duah pai kga`.

His mouth speaks lies, his mouth spits out poisonous words, he bends and twists the axe handles and the antler handles .

(Regulation 18, p. 55).

-Distortion of facts.

Bu`ng if the duah lasts, if the duah is broken; If you duah tle` mc`hi` no mnuih mka`n.

The person who took the basket and threw it far away, then

falsely accuse others with the intention of harming them (Article 18, p. 55).

-Throwing stones and leaving handprints.

If in doubt, there will be a solution.

People are like eggplants and chili peppers, constantly turning over and over, flipping face up and down (in a boiling pot) (Dk 19, p. 56).

-Lies and deceit.

Don't yu` bai go`, don't go' bai kpieâl, kwieâl sa ung sa moâ`.

In the west, there was only a basket for a pot, in the east, there was only a basket for a bowl, and only one husband and one wife (Dk 20, p. 56).

- Extremely poor;

-Poor as dirt.

No dloang eâdah ktu`, no gu` eâdah eh u`n, dih ku`n kueâ sa u`ng sa moâ~.

Looking up at the tree, I only saw stars. Looking down at the crossbars, I only saw pig shit. I only saw a husband and wife lying there.

sleep (condition 20, p. 57).

- Extremely poor;

-Poor as dirt.

50

Kta`k mnu`t mjing ko kta`k hra; eâman ana mjing kô eâman knoâ; poâ anei mjing ko poâ mka`n.

He is the one who turns the sap of the banyan tree into the sap of the fig tree, turns the female elephant into the male elephant, turns one person into another (verse 1).

20, p. 56).

-Trick your teacher and betray your friends.

If you don't know what to do, if you don't know what to do.

A person with a mouth as wide as a deer's or a snake's mouth, when he opens his mouth he tells people nonsense (Dk 21, p. 57).

-Mouth like a tough bucket;

-The shaman's mouth is like a bird cage.

babbler

If the duah dlao wac kci`ng does not anak mli ho`ng, anak mdro`ng mang, if the duah ktaêl kang si aroh eâbua.

He cursed and insulted the rich and the noble; his mouth itched as if he had eaten an itchy taro (Dk 21, p. 57).

-Itchy mouth itchy mouth.

Bruk si drao mcah, huah si drang hdaeng, si ciaeng si n`u duah blu`, duah ha plieâ.

Listening to him speak was like hearing bamboo crackling, like hearing phoenixes calling each other;

want to say is to open mouth to talk nonsense. (Dk 21, p. 57).

-Mouth has a handle.

Lac` amaâo goâ, mtoâ amaâo göt, la`lang ti eâ mongong, dlo`ng ti yang.

Thinking he was stronger than a tiger, greater than a god, he opened his mouth and spoke rudely (Dk 24, p. 59).

-Bad bear.