The Impact of Administrative Procedures on Socio-Economic Development

of the country in terms of politics, culture, education and the expansion of exchanges between our country and other countries in the region and the world.

1.2.2. Impact of administrative procedures on socio-economic development

1.2.2.1. Positive impact

Administrative procedures are not only related to the internal affairs of an agency or a level of government, but also related to organizations and citizens in their relationship with the State. Whether or not the rights and obligations of citizens stipulated in the Constitution or other legal documents are implemented, and how they are implemented, must basically be through administrative procedures prescribed and directly resolved by agencies and levels of government. Therefore, administrative procedures have a great impact on state and social management.

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First of all, administrative procedures ensure that the content regulations in state administrative management decisions are implemented smoothly and uniformly. If administrative procedures are truly simple, convenient, appropriate, and transparent but still ensure legality, strictness, and completeness, they will avoid trouble and harassment, shorten time, and make work quickly resolved. This is of particular importance in the economic field. When administrative procedures are transparent and effective, they will attract more foreign investors to do business in our country, creating capital for the economy, solving jobs, and contributing to the development of the country.

Clear and healthy administrative procedures also create unity in the operation of the state apparatus, fight against bureaucracy, authoritarianism, arbitrariness, and arrogance, strengthen socialist legality, create people's trust in the state government, and make our state truly a state of the people, by the people, and for the people.

In addition, administrative procedures also ensure the implementation of human rights in the fastest and most effective way, ensuring freedom and democracy, creating the fastest and most scientific way to do work.

1.2.2.2. Negative impacts

Cumbersome and inappropriate administrative procedures will cause difficulties and inconveniences for people and businesses, create much frustration among the people, and make people lose trust in state agencies and staff, civil servants and public employees.

Cumbersome administrative procedures will waste time and money of the state, organizations and individuals; create stagnation, hinder development trends, are inconsistent with the law, affect activities and hinder socio-economic development.

1.2.3. The necessity and goals of administrative procedure reform

1.2.3.1. The necessity of administrative procedure reform

Vietnam has shifted from a centrally planned economy with a subsidy bureaucracy to a multi-sector commodity economy, operating according to a market mechanism with state management in a socialist orientation. Previously, during the subsidy period, administrative reform could not be carried out due to historical reasons. At that time, due to the provisions of the law in economic management, all rights belonged to the collective and the state, social needs were still limited (business activities, land ownership, housing construction, investment attraction... were not yet available), people's lives were difficult until entering a period of innovation and development with many emerging factors and many needs of many social subjects and many economic sectors. The economy has shifted from being mainly state-owned and collective to a multi-sector economy (Resolution of the 9th Party Congress), namely: State economy, collective economy, private capitalist economy, state capitalist economy, individual economy, smallholder economy, and economy with foreign investment capital.

Faced with the development of demand and the increase in the volume of public service, the old administration cannot meet the new requirements and must be reformed. Administrative management in any country is related to three core issues: organization, personnel and operating procedures. Only when the organization is reasonable, the staff is used to their full potential and standards, and the operating procedures are simple can management be effective. Administrative management is carried out by a series of actions following each other in a certain order, that is, they take place according to a certain procedure. Effective procedures are essential because they ensure that the administrative process is not hindered. The relationship between organization, personnel and procedures is a dialectical relationship: to have a reasonable organization, there must be civil servants and public employees with sufficient capacity and standards as well as clear and simple operating procedures. On the contrary, cumbersome procedures will lead to organizational expansion, more levels, civil servants and public employees will have more opportunities to rely on the authority of the State to harass and cause difficulties for the people, reducing the prestige of the government, because people often see the government through the relationships between them and civil servants and public employees. The State apparatus, no matter how good its officials are, cannot operate effectively if administrative procedures are unscientific. The phenomenon of agencies pushing responsibility to each other when handling work, disrespectful attitudes towards the people, authoritarianism, favoritism, even harassment and bribery is because administrative procedures are arbitrarily set by many sectors and levels, lacking consistency and being cumbersome and complicated.

The above shows the important role of administrative procedures. A reality in Vietnam is that there are too many types of procedures with different levels, and each procedure is cumbersome. To solve a certain task, citizens have to spend a lot of time, effort, and even money. On the one hand, cumbersome administrative procedures also come from

The interests of those working in the administrative apparatus, the more complicated the administrative procedures, the greater the opportunity to make money, a part of the state officials and civil servants have the opportunity to " torture the people ", this makes administrative procedure reform very difficult, causing people to lose confidence in the government. Therefore, Resolution 38/CP dated May 4, 1994 of the Government affirmed: administrative procedure reform is an urgent demand, responding to the legitimate demands of the people. This is also an important content of a step-by-step reform of the national administrative system.

On the other hand, the requirements of international economic integration pose many risks and challenges. In addition, along with the development of the country, many new fields are emerging, the need to solve people's requests is increasing, the types of administrative procedures as well as the long-standing settlement process, which have been too cumbersome and complicated, are now even more inappropriate. To attract investment and develop the country, administrative procedures must be simpler and more convenient but still ensure legality, strictness and completeness, in line with the general development trend of the world.

Therefore, administrative procedure reform in Vietnam is an objective necessity. The State administrative reform program for the period 2011 - 2020 has pointed out that it is necessary to promote administrative procedure reform with the following solutions:

- Eliminate cumbersome and overlapping procedures that are easily exploited for corruption, causing difficulties for the people. Expand administrative procedure reform in all areas, promptly eliminate unnecessary regulations on licensing, inspection, examination, control, quarantine, and appraisal while still ensuring legality, efficiency, transparency and fairness in handling administrative work.

- Standardize nationwide all types of documents that citizens or businesses need to prepare when required to resolve production, business and life issues.

- Issue a mechanism to inspect officials and civil servants who receive and handle citizens' work; strictly handle those who harass, are arrogant, and irresponsible; reward those who excellently complete assigned tasks.

- Clearly and specifically define individual responsibilities while performing official duties. Determining the authority and responsibility of officials, civil servants, and public employees while performing official duties must go hand in hand with evaluating, rewarding, and disciplining officials, civil servants, and public employees.

- Implement the One-stop mechanism in handling the work of individuals and organizations at state administrative agencies at all levels. Administrative agencies at all levels responsible for handling the work of individuals and organizations must publicly and fully post all procedures, processes, fees, and work schedules at their offices.

Continue to reform administrative procedures to ensure legality, efficiency, transparency and fairness in handling administrative work; eliminate cumbersome and overlapping procedures that can be easily exploited for corruption and cause difficulties for people. The One-Stop Mechanism is an innovative solution to the working methods of state administrative agencies at all levels, aiming to create fundamental changes in the relationship between state administrative agencies and organizations and citizens. The implementation of the One-Stop Mechanism is considered one of the breakthrough measures in reforming administrative procedures.

1.2.3.2. Objectives of administrative procedure reform

The first is to detect and eliminate administrative procedures that are inconsistent, overlapping, cumbersome, and complicated, causing obstacles in receiving and processing work between state agencies, and between state agencies and workers and organizations.

Second is to develop and promulgate innovative administrative procedures that are suitable for the requirements of solving work in a simple, clear, unified, and legal manner.

1.2.4. Contents of administrative procedure reform for socio-economic development

1.2.4.1. Simplify administrative procedures

Firstly , review all current regulations on administrative procedures, fees and charges to immediately abolish administrative procedures that are not within authority and supplement and amend procedures that are no longer suitable to reality.

Second , eliminate unnecessary and overlapping administrative procedures, amend cumbersome and unreasonable procedures to ensure consistency, rationality, stability and clarity of administrative procedures, and the scientific nature of the implementation process of issued administrative procedures.

Third , publicly announce the system of documents regulating mandatory administrative procedures to meet state management requirements.

1.2.4.2. Reforming administrative procedures according to the modern One-stop, One-stop mechanism

One of the contents and a breakthrough solution of administrative procedure reform is the implementation of the One-stop-shop and One-stop-shop mechanisms for State administrative agencies.

The One-Stop Mechanism is a method of handling administrative procedures of organizations and individuals under the responsibility and authority of a State administrative agency, from receiving requests and documents to returning results through a single focal point, the " receiving and returning results department " at the State administrative agency.

The One-stop-shop mechanism is a method of handling administrative procedures of organizations and individuals under the responsibility and authority of many State administrative agencies at the same level or between administrative levels, from receiving requests and documents to returning results through one focal point, the "receiving and returning results department" of a State administrative agency.

The superiority of the One-stop shop and One-stop shop mechanisms has been affirmed to be very scientific, effective, faster in handling work, leaders can control the work and responsibilities of civil servants, reduce hassles, and are supported by the people. Over the past years, the Government has made many efforts in administrative reform and has achieved positive results, creating conditions to promote economic and social development. However, administrative reform is still slow, not meeting the requirements and set goals, administrative procedures in many fields are currently barriers to production and business activities and people's lives. To solve these problems and create a breakthrough in administrative reform. The Prime Minister has decided to implement the Project to simplify administrative procedures in the fields of state management for the period 2007 - 2010 (referred to as Project 30). The successful implementation of this Project has enormous political and economic significance, promoting economic growth, improving relations between state administrative agencies and people and businesses, ensuring fairness and transparency in handling work for people, contributing to the fight against corruption, especially in the current period of economic integration.

The implementation of the One-stop shop and One-stop shop mechanisms aims to achieve a fundamental change in the relationship and procedures for handling work between state administrative agencies and organizations and citizens; reduce inconvenience to organizations and citizens; combat bureaucracy, corruption, and abuse of power by officials, civil servants, and public employees; and improve the effectiveness and efficiency of state management.

This is a measure to simplify and publicize administrative procedures; standardize and unify nationwide the types of documents that citizens or businesses need to prepare when required to resolve production, business and life issues, ensuring quick and convenient resolution of work for organizations and citizens.

The administrative procedures implemented under the One-stop-shop and One-stop-shop mechanisms at district and city levels include: granting business registration certificates to individual business households; granting construction permits; granting certificates of house ownership and land use rights; notarization, civil status and social policies. At the commune and ward levels, the areas include: housing construction, land, civil status and certification.

1.2.5. Criteria for evaluating administrative procedure reform for socio-economic development

1.2.5.1. Level of simplification of administrative procedures

- Ensure that 100% of administrative procedures are reviewed and adjusted to ensure simplicity and eliminate cumbersome and complicated procedures.

- 100% of administrative procedures and regulations on fee levels when performing administrative procedures are made public; processes, procedures, and processing times are publicly posted at One-stop and inter-connected One-stop departments.

1.2.5.2. The suitability of the administrative apparatus

- The organization of state administrative agencies is arranged and structured in a compact and efficient manner. The responsibilities of state administrative agencies at all levels in handling matters related to organizations and citizens are clearly defined.

- Management of cadres and civil servants, especially in recruitment, training and development, is strictly implemented to ensure quality.

1.2.5.3. Cost (time, money)/1 administrative procedure

After reviewing and simplifying administrative procedures, people will save unnecessary travel costs and time, ensuring a minimum reduction of 20% of costs that individuals and organizations have to pay. Those costs include:

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