famous and strong products of the city, but due to difficulties in product consumption and State management; limited investment and care of the people, the productivity and quality are low. In 1985, the city's tea productivity only reached 4.14 tons/ha.
Implementing Directive 100 of the Secretariat on agricultural product contracting, farmers are autonomous in their fields, so the demand for traction power for production is increasing. Therefore, buffalo and cow herds are given more attention and care. In 1983, the number of buffalo and cow herds was 28,576, and in 1985 it increased to 34,231. In order to meet the food needs of the city, the expansion of poultry herds was promoted, but mainly raising chickens and ducks, supplying the market with 130,000 to 150,000 heads each year.
Trade and services
Due to the slow consolidation and improvement of production relations in agriculture and small-scale industry, and the limited and lax level of economic management, many cooperatives are operating at a loss. Agricultural and forestry products used as raw materials for the processing industry such as fresh tea buds, sugarcane, tobacco, soybeans, etc. are not yet stable. Many agencies even participate in trading the same item or type of product, leading to competition in buying and selling, causing disruption to market and price management, significantly affecting the city's trade and service activities.
The market is unstable, especially after the adjustment of prices and wages, Thai Nguyen city in particular and the whole country in general experienced inflation, prices were not only unstable, but also fluctuated more and more strongly, so it did not encourage production development. The source of goods exchanged with neighboring provinces in the highest year (1985) only reached 31% of the total domestic trade goods fund of the city [l0; p.16]. Exported goods were poor, low value. Imported goods were also very limited. "The phenomena of authoritarianism, causing trouble, arbitrary price increases, and negativity among a number of cadres
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"The situation of employees in the industries holding goods and money continues to be complicated, making an already difficult situation even more complicated" [l0;tr17].
Budget revenue was always insufficient to cover expenditure. In 1985, the city's total revenue was 8,206,000 VND, while total expenditure was 9,782,000 VND. The province had to provide the city with an additional 4,400,000 VND to offset the cost of salaries and pay salaries to officials, workers and civil servants. The value of money was decreasing day by day; the cash shortage was always tense [1; p7]..
Urban planning, management, land and housing management, and population planning in wards and communes are slow to be innovated. Land encroachment still occurs.
In 1986, the economic situation of Thai Nguyen city faced many difficulties. Agricultural production, the spring-summer crop had a long drought, causing thousands of hectares of rice fields to have no water to plant; in the autumn-winter crop, a major flood destroyed over 4,500 hectares of rice and crops. Industrial production was in a state of lack of raw materials, fuel, supplies, capital... so production was limited, workers had no jobs, and income was low.
1.2.2. Social situation
After the country's reunification, the City has always paid attention to the issue of employment for workers, considering it one of the key tasks of Party committees and authorities at all levels. The policy of developing family economy, ward and commune economy; expanding the city's production facilities has annually created jobs for hundreds of workers, contributing to stabilizing social order and people's lives. In the early 80s, the city arranged jobs for over 4,700 workers, mainly in the fields of agriculture, forestry and industry.
The 1980s were also the years when the country was in a state of crisis; social evils were widespread; people's lives faced many difficulties, but the city tried to gradually put urban construction management into order, such as planning residential areas, linking economic tasks with social work. Thanks to that, urban people's lives became more and more stable, and the area became more and more prosperous.
The population was reorganized. The city provided land to over 4,000 households. By 1986, 5,091 farmers' houses had been tiled.
About culture and education
After the city was founded (October 19, 1962), in order to improve people's knowledge and develop education and training at all levels, the city's leaders advocated investing in building a system of schools. In the 1962-1963 school year, the number of classes increased by 1.5 times, and the number of students attending class increased by nearly 1.3 times compared to the 1961-1962 school year [29; p. 110].
When the country was unified, the city had more favorable conditions to develop the education career. In September 1976, the city launched the campaign "All people build schools", as a result, by the end of 1977, nearly 200 solid and semi-solid classrooms were built compared to the previous school year, in the 1976-1977 school year, the number of students in the city increased by 340 students. The sectors and levels of education developed relatively balanced, gradually improving in quality, meeting the increasingly better demands of the people and society. The models of schools that both study and work in industrial enterprises were expanded.
Due to the economic downturn, budget revenue is always insufficient, so investment in education is still limited: the speed of building schools and classrooms does not meet the learning needs of students, students still have to study in three shifts, teachers' lives are extremely difficult. Management of facilities is not good, equipment such as desks, chairs, and learning materials in schools are still lacking; the quality of education changes slowly and unevenly, not suitable for economic development. Coordination and combination between sectors and levels in education work is not close and synchronous.
About health
In addition to developing the education system, the issue of health care and protection for the people was promoted. In the 5 years from 1981 to 1985, the city's health sector built 3 hospitals, 5 clinics, and 14 commune and ward health stations. Each year, the sector organized medical examinations and treatment for 22,000 people, so many major epidemics were prevented and handled promptly.
Thus, before 1986, although the economic and social situation of Thai Nguyen city faced many difficulties that needed to be resolved. But the city gradually overcame and brought the economy and society back to stable development, people's lives were improved. Contributing to promoting the formation and development of social and professional organizations in Thai Nguyen city.
1.3. The birth and current status of social and professional organizations in Thai Nguyen city
Social organizations are formed on the principles of voluntariness and self-management of workers, organized and operated according to the charter or regulations of the state, participating in state management and social management in the name of the organization to protect the legitimate interests of its members.
Characteristics of social organizations are:
Social organizations are voluntary organizations of workers for certain purposes. These are organizations that gather their members based on occupational characteristics, age, gender...
Each social organization is a collection of members who share the same characteristics. They unite to find a common voice and protect their legitimate interests.
When participating in social management and state management, social organizations do so in the name of their own organization, not in the name of the state.
Social organizations are organized and operate according to charters established by the organization's members or according to state regulations.
The relationship between members in a social organization is a relationship of equality, not the principle of "power - obedience" as in state agencies.
Social organizations operate with the common goal of educating members about the law so that they can live and work according to the law.
At the same time, the activities of social organizations also aim to protect the legitimate rights and interests of the members of the organization.
According to the principles of organization and operation, social organizations are divided into socio-political-professional organizations and socio-professional organizations.
Socio-professional organizations are a type of social organization initiated by the state and formed according to state regulations. The activities of socio-professional organizations are under the management of competent state agencies. However, socio-professional organizations are also self-governing organizations, the internal organizational structure of each organization is decided by the organization, the activities are not subject to state power, ensuring the principle of voluntariness when forming the organization.
Socio-political and professional organizations are established on the initiative of the state. Formed according to state regulations and strictly managed by state agencies. Support the state in solving some social problems. Self-governing activities, structure decided by the organization itself, activities do not have political power and are completely voluntary.
On that basis, implementing the Party's guidelines and the State's policies on promoting the role of social and professional organizations in economic and social development. Thai Nguyen province in general and Thai Nguyen city in particular have had appropriate policies to create conditions for social and professional organizations to be established to develop the economy and build the homeland.
Thai Nguyen has basically developed into an industrial city, including heavy industry, light industry, with metallurgy, mechanical engineering, mineral exploitation, paper production, confectionery, garment, agricultural and forestry processing... The economic structure of the city has many important changes.
The issue of employment for workers has always been of concern to the City, considering it one of the key tasks of the Party and government at all levels. The policy of developing family economy, ward and commune economy; expanding the City's production facilities has annually created jobs for hundreds of workers, contributing to stabilizing social order and people's lives.
During a long period of time, our people had to continuously carry out two major resistance wars: the resistance war against French colonialism (1945-1954) and the resistance war against the US to save the country (1954-1975). Therefore, the top revolutionary task at this time was to gain national independence. In that context, in our country at that time, only a few social-professional organizations appeared: Vietnam Red Cross Society, Vietnam Oriental Medicine Association, Vietnam Lawyers Association, Vietnam Journalists Association... However , since Law No. 102-SL/L004 dated May 20, 1957 stipulated the right to establish associations of the President of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam and Decree No. 258TTg dated June 14, 1957 of the Prime Minister detailing and implementing the above law, social-professional organizations in our country appeared more and more: Vietnam Gardening Association, Association of Former Youth Volunteers, Vietnam Business Association...
Initially, members joined these organizations with the main purpose of serving the people. The number of members participating in the association was limited, there was no representative office, no charter, no specific principles and purposes of operation... However, after the Law on the right to establish associations was promulgated, the social and professional organizations in Thai Nguyen city were officially established: Oriental Medicine Association (October 25, 1962); Red Cross Association (1965).
In which, Thai Nguyen City Oriental Medicine Association was established the earliest: Based on Official Dispatch No. 665/DC-DS dated October 25, 1962 of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Provincial People's Committee issued a decision to allow the establishment of Thai Nguyen City Oriental Medicine Association. This is a social - professional organization of practitioners.
Oriental medicine, Oriental medicine, operating in the field of medical examination and treatment using oriental medicine within the scope of Thai Nguyen city.
With the spirit of “All for the South”, “All for the frontline”, “All for the unification of the country”. Therefore, the construction and consolidation of the City’s Oriental Medicine Association in terms of ideology, organization and profession is an extremely important task, contributing to the cause of national unification in general and the task of building and developing the local economy in particular.
With the desire to gather and help each other to practice better, to fight against or minimize adverse factors from the outside. Therefore, since its establishment, the association has paid great attention to developing the association's organization, regardless of ethnic background, which has created favorable conditions for members to participate in activities. The executive committee has all ethnic backgrounds such as Kinh, Hoa, Nung, Tho, Man, Trai... Only Phu Binh and Dong Hy districts have been promoted to become branches. With the motto of consolidation as the main thing, development as the secondary thing, developed localities such as Dong Hy and Phu Binh have been consolidated by studying and fostering collective consciousness, on the basis of perfecting a healthy and pure organization.
Regarding association development: In the first 6 months of the year, 2 official associations were developed in Phu Binh district, with 124 old members increasing to 140 official members and 29 new members applying to join. 88 members have registered to practice.
Regarding the learning situation: The entire Eastern medicine community has participated in learning all policies with the people such as: Reform policies, industry and trade, national assembly election policies... Regarding learning and acquiring professional work, Phu Binh district alone has learned from Eastern Medicine Magazine No. 6 and No. 7 in the organization.
The organization is divided into 5 groups, each group has a group leader to lead and guide the learning, each student has a report card to record each day of school. Every month, they learn two more traditional medicine recipes popularized by Mr. Thai, and members attend acupuncture classes opened by Nguyen Tu Sieu and the Central Association.
Propaganda work on disease prevention: Regularly talk in meetings with people, mobilize people to practice the 3 cleanest things, especially doctors themselves set an example in disease prevention hygiene. The health system has made more progress. The movement to build 3 living facilities (wells, bathrooms, toilets) has been directed to be deployed to each family. Many major epidemics have been prevented and handled promptly.
In 1965, the Bac Thai Provincial People's Committee approved the establishment of the Thai Nguyen City Red Cross Society. This is a humanitarian social organization of the masses. The Society gathers everyone, regardless of ethnicity, religion, gender, to do humanitarian work. The main activities of the Society at this stage are mainly: Serving in combat, participating in the treatment of wounded soldiers and people injured in the war; taking care of community health, caring for families of wounded soldiers, martyrs, people with disabilities and other disadvantaged people.