For police and management staff , opinions are classified by topic: Forms of punishment when street vendors violate, Management of temporary residence registration, Regulations on street vendors, Positive and negative impacts of street vendors, Solutions for authorities in managing street vendors.
2.2.2.4. How to proceed
We conducted face-to-face meetings and in-depth interviews with each subject. In addition to the pre-prepared interview content, we also prepared the interview format according to the context and content mentioned by the subject. During the interview, in addition to taking notes of the main ideas, we also recorded the interview.
2.2.3. Questionnaire survey method
2.2.3.1. Purpose of investigation
Maybe you are interested!
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Ho Chi Minh 1995: Complete Works. - National Political Publishing House, Hanoi, Volume 3. 10. Nguyen Thi Anh Thu, Psychological and Social Characteristics of Semi-Immigrants -
Theory of Social Work Services and Social Work Services for Migrant Workers in the Non-State Economic Sector -
Natural, Economic and Social Characteristics of Hanoi and Organizational Structure of People's Court in Hanoi City -
Natural, Economic and Social Characteristics of Hanoi -
Perception of Street Vendors
This is one of the main methods used to collect information for the research topic. Using this method, we aim to learn about the reality of life, work and thoughts of street vendors on the streets of Hanoi.
2.2.3.2. Questionnaire content
A. The structure of the questionnaire consists of 48 questions.
a. Social characteristics of street vendors
- Age and gender: Question 48
- Place of origin: Question 48
- Education level: Question 48
- Family situation: marital status; husband/wife's occupation, number of sons and daughters: Question 48
- Current living situation:
+ Items for sale: Question 1, 2
+ Source of capital/ amount of capital: Question 3
+ Sales time and space: Questions 10, 11, 12
+ Income: Questions 4, 5
+ Living expenses: food, accommodation, travel, other expenses: Questions 6, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 27
+ Daily schedule: waking up time, bedtime; busy and quiet times: Question 13
+ Health status: Questions 14, 25
b. Psychological characteristics of street vendors
- Reason for going to the city to sell goods: Question 26
- The needs of street vendors
+ Sightseeing, entertainment, activities at the accommodation: Questions 22, 43
+ Contact in hometown: Question 23
+ Relationships in the city: Question 42
- Awareness of street vending work
+ The meaning of street vending to Hanoi people: Question 37
+ Awareness of the impact of street vending on urban aesthetics: Question 40
+ The difference between male and female salespeople: Question 29
+ Thinking about the future of work: Question 46
- Mood/emotions of street vendors
+ Mood when thinking about family in the countryside: Sentences 7, 8, 9, 24, 25
+ Mood when selling: Sentences 38, 39
+ Job satisfaction: Question 30
+ Mood when there is a ban on street vending: Sentences 44, 45
- Typical characteristics of street vendors: Question 28
- Behavioral skills of street vendors
+ Who do you like to sell to: Question 31
+ Advantages of identifying each customer segment: Questions 32, 33
+ The concept of fortune of the seller: Question 34
+ How to deal with difficult customers: Question 35
+ How to behave when arrested by the police: Question 36
c. Solution: Question 47
2.2.3.3. How to proceed
Investigation object
The target audience is street vendors with low and uneven education levels, so we did not give them the questionnaires to do it themselves, but asked them to go and fill in the information themselves. The total number of questionnaires issued was 323, after eliminating invalid and unqualified questionnaires (incompatible answers), we finally collected 300 questionnaires.
Principles of investigation
Survey participants responded independently, according to their personal opinions.
The questionnaire is designed with closed questions and open questions to check and complement each other.
The process of implementing the questionnaire survey method is carried out in 3 main stages: questionnaire design, pilot survey, and official survey. Each stage has different specific purposes and contents (presented in the research organization section).
2.2.4. Observation method
+ Purpose :
Directly observe the behaviors, gestures, and words of the salesperson when selling to customers.
+ Object : Street vendor
+ Content :
Directly observe the behavior, language, and communication skills of street vendors. Observe with the senses, through recording and photography.
+ Method :
- Principle: Agree with the seller to ensure their confidentiality and ask for permission to record images.
- Conduct: We conduct observation activities on Xuan Thuy, Truong Dinh, Kim Nguu, Ba Trieu, Bo Ho streets...
2.2.5. Case study method
We use this method to describe and introduce three in-depth case studies of street vendors with prominent socio-psychological characteristics.
Purpose of case introduction
- Present general information about street vendors
- Describe their job and income
- Describe their life in the city
- Describe the relationships of street vendors: relationships with family, fellow lodgers, landlords...
- Describe health problems, legal issues, solutions for street vendors
- Analyze some typical psychological characteristics: personality, application skills
treat
Through that we can see a portrait of people, life and work.
of street vendors, as well as their dominant psychological traits.
2.2.6. Mathematical statistical methods
Using mathematical statistical methods to analyze the results of practical surveys. The data obtained after the pilot survey as well as the official investigation were processed using SPSS statistical software program used in the Windows environment, version 13.0.
After the pilot survey, we used the above software to analyze the reliability of the questionnaire, the difficulty and value of the questions, and examine the correlation between each question and the entire questionnaire system.
To use SPSS statistical software, when analyzing the results obtained through the official survey using questionnaires, we quantified the responses of the subjects to facilitate data processing.
- Analysis using descriptive statistics
In the analysis using descriptive statistics, we used the following indicators: Percentage value (%)
m
X = ----- x 100%
n
In which: X: percentage (%)
m: number of reviews
n: number of research subjects
- Bivariate correlation analysis
Bivariate correlation is the correlation between two variables. The purpose of correlation is to understand the first-order relationship between two variables, specifically how the change in one variable occurs simultaneously with the change in the other variable. The degree of association or strength of the relationship between two variables is indexed by the correlation coefficient (r).
In this study, we used Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient (r) to determine the correlation between two variables. The correlation coefficient
This correlation has a value from -1 to +1 indicating the strength of the relationship between two variables.
The direction of the relationship, positive or negative, is shown by the sign of r. When r has a value of + (r>0), it indicates a positive relationship, when it has a value of - (r<0), it indicates a negative relationship, and when r = 0, it indicates no relationship between the two variables. For each correlation, the significance level of the relationship can be known based on the probability coefficient (p). In this study, alpha = 0.05 is the level of significance. When p <0.05, the value of r is accepted as significant for analyzing the relationship between two variables.
Specifically, we used the correlation coefficient r to study the relationship between age and gender, age and education level, level of anxiety about monthly remittances, level of satisfaction with work and income of street vendors... to clarify the psychological characteristics of street vendors.
2.3. THESIS TIME
The research topic was implemented from July 2007 to November 2008 with specific implementation steps as follows:
- July 2007 to September 2007: Research relevant documents to build theoretical basis and prepare research outline.
- October 2007 to November 2007: Supplement and complete theoretical basis, complete detailed outline.
- December 2007 to February 2008: Selected and designed research tools. Completed writing chapter 1: Theoretical basis and chapter 2: Research organization.
- March 2008 to April 2008: Conduct research on subjects (questionnaire survey; in-depth interviews; observation...).
- May 2008 to September 2008: Processing research data; Writing chapter 3: Research results; Conclusions and recommendations.
- October-November 2008: Completing thesis
Chapter 2 Summary
The research was conducted according to a well-organized process, from the theoretical research stage to establish the main viewpoint in the research to the practical stage on the psychological and social characteristics of street vendor migrants in Hanoi. The study has combined many different methods of collecting and synthesizing information such as document analysis method to study the issue of labor migration with economic roots, the issue of street vendors and their psychological and social characteristics, questionnaire survey method to collect quantitative data on the reality of life, work and thoughts of migrant street vendors, in-depth interview method to learn more about the sales experience, life, and behavior of street vendors when making a living in Hanoi, observation method to learn more about the behaviors, gestures, and words of street vendors when selling to customers, mathematical statistics method to analyze practical survey results... These methods support and complement each other in studying the psychological and social characteristics of migrant street vendors in Hanoi, at the same time allowing for results and conclusions that are reliable and scientifically valuable.
Chapter 3
PRACTICAL RESEARCH RESULTS
The process of urbanization and rural industrialization is taking place strongly, leading to the narrowing of agricultural land, farmers losing their cultivation and growing places - the main source of income for farmers. This also causes many people in rural areas to become unemployed. In addition, the rapid urbanization process will lead to the specialization of occupations, manual and simple jobs that city people do not do, these jobs are mainly done by rural people. Therefore, the phenomenon of street vendors has appeared in big cities. In Part I of Chapter 3, we analyze the social characteristics of street vendors on the streets of Hanoi such as age, gender, education level, hometown and family circumstances of street vendors. We also consider the characteristics of work, income and living expenses of street vendors in the city. Analyzing the social characteristics of street vendors in Hanoi allows us to generalize the social portrait of street vendors, thereby sharpening the psychological qualities of this group of people.
3.1. SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MIGRANT STREET VENDORS
3.1.1. Age, gender, education, hometown and family background of street vendors
All research subjects of the topic are in the working age from 18-55 years old and the average age of street vendors is 36.5 years old, in terms of individuals, this is the age when people have the most general health and the most resilient labor force.