Figure 1.24. Diagram of axial force and torque appearing on the drill rod of a bucket-type pile drilling machine in case the main winch is mounted on the lower part of the rod. 30
Figure 1.25. Dynamic survey model of bucket bottom expansion 31
Figure 1.26. Model for determining the moment of resistance caused by soil shear resistance 31
Figure 1.27. Output interface 33
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Figure 1.28. Diagram of breaking rock and soil with cutting blades when drilling 35
Figure 2.1. Hydraulic circuit diagram of the pile drilling machine mounted on 41
Hitachi CX500 41 crane
Figure 2.2. Diagram of hydraulic system driving motor to rotate drill 43
Figure 2.3. Dynamic model of hydraulic transmission system driving hydraulic motor to rotate drill chuck 44
Figure 2.4. Diagram of moment of resistance changing over time corresponding to the soft plastic state gray-brown clay layer 51
Figure 2.5. Block diagram of the simulation program of the hydraulic motor rotating the drill 51
Figure 2.6. Oil pressure in the high pressure chamber of the hydraulic motor driving the drill chuck .. 52 Figure 2.7. Angular velocity of the hydraulic motor driving the drill chuck 52
Figure 2.8. Total power of the hydraulic motor driving the drill 52
Figure 2.9. Total oil flow supplied to the hydraulic motor driving the drill chuck 53
Figure 2.10. Number of rotations of the drill 53
Figure 2.11. Hydraulic transmission system diagram of drill press cylinder 54
Figure 2.12. Dynamic research model of hydraulic cylinder pressing drill chuck 56
Figure 2.13. Block diagram of the simulation program of hydraulic cylinder pressing drill 61
Figure 2.14. Hydraulic oil pressure in the drill press cylinder 61
Figure 2.15. Pressing force of the drill press cylinder 62
Figure 2.16. Speed of the drill press cylinder 62
Figure 2.17. Diagram of moment of resistance changing over time corresponding to the soft plastic state gray-brown clay layer 63
Figure 2.18. Diagram of resistance moment changing over time corresponding to the geological layer of gray-brown clayey clay in hard plastic state 63
Figure 2.19. Time-varying moment diagram for a very tight-structured gravel-sand geological layer 64
Figure 2.20. Diagram of moment of resistance changing over time corresponding to the geological layer of gravel mixed with multi-colored, multi-mineral sand, very tight structure 64
Figure 2.21. Oil pressure in the motor driving the drill bit corresponding to different geological layers 64
Figure 2.22. Number of rotations of the drill bit corresponding to different geological layers 64
Figure 2.23. Total flow supplied to the hydraulic motor corresponding to different geological layers 65
Figure 2.24. Total power of the motor driving the drill bit corresponding to different geological layers 65
Figure 2.25. Torque on the hydraulic motor shaft corresponding to different geological layers 65
Figure 2.26. Oil pressure in the motor driving the drill chuck corresponding to different elastic deformation values 66
Figure 2.27. Number of rotations of the drill chuck corresponding to different elastic deformation values 67
Figure 2.28. Total flow supplied to the hydraulic motor corresponding to different elastic deformation values 67
Figure 2.29. Torque on the hydraulic motor shaft corresponding to different elastic deformation values 67
Figure 2.30. Total power of the motor driving the drill chuck corresponding to different elastic deformation values 68
Figure 2.31. Oil pressure in the drill motor corresponding to different pump efficiencies 68
Figure 2.32. Number of rotations of the drill plate corresponding to different pump efficiencies ... 69 Figure 2.34. Torque on the hydraulic motor shaft corresponding to different pump efficiencies 69
Figure 2.35. Total power of the motor driving the drill chuck corresponding to different pump efficiencies 70
Figure 2.36. Oil pressure in the drill press cylinder when the cylinder diameter changes 71
Figure 2.37. Drilling plate pressure when cylinder diameter changes 71
Figure 2.38. Drill press speed when cylinder diameter changes 71
Figure 2.39. Oil pressure in the cylinder presses the drill plate when the resistance applied to the cylinder changes 72
Figure 2.40. Drilling plate pressing force when changing the resistance applied to cylinder 72
Figure 3.1. Description of bucket dimensions: D g and H g80
Figure 3.2. Force and moment components acting on the drilling bucket 81
Figure 3.3. Schematic representation of cutting edge angles 82
Figure 3.4. Diagram when using a cutting blade to expand a 84-hole drill.
Figure 3.5. Diagram of soil chip with thickness C 88
Figure 3.6. Diagram of moment components M gh91
Figure 3.7. Algorithm for solving the specific energy cost problem E using the differential evolution (DE) method 93
Figure 3.8. Graph of the relationship between the angular velocity of the bucket and the physical properties of the ground ... 109 Figure 4.1. Image and technical parameters of the pressure gauge 520.954S 113
Figure 4.2. Flow meter R5S7HK75 114
Figure 4.3. Coretech and HengStler 115 rotary displacement transducer
Figure 4.4. NI-6009 116 Signal Acquisition Device
Figure 4.6. Preparing the pile drilling machine for testing at drilling site 117
Figure 4.7. Preparing flow, pressure and stroke measuring equipment 117
Figure 4.8. Connecting the measuring device to the 118 work unit
Figure 4.9. No-load test run of drilling rig and measuring equipment 118
Figure 4.10. Testing the drilling rig in Hanoi 119
Figure 4.11. Hydraulic motor oil flow and pressure corresponding to the case of slow speed no-load measurement 120
Figure 4.12. Hydraulic motor oil flow and pressure corresponding to the case of measuring no-load at fast speed 120
Figure 4.13. Hydraulic motor oil flow and pressure corresponding to the soft plastic state gray-brown clay layer 121
Figure 4.14. Hydraulic motor oil flow and pressure corresponding to the geological layer of brown-gray, yellow-gray, white-gray clay, hard-plastic state 121
Figure 4.15. Hydraulic motor oil flow and pressure corresponding to the geological layer of gravel mixed with sand with very tight structure 121
Figure 4.16. Hydraulic motor oil flow and pressure corresponding to geological layer of fine sand mixed with gravel, very tight structure 122
Figure 4.17. Hydraulic motor oil flow and pressure corresponding to the geological layer of gravel mixed with multi-colored, multi-mineral sand and gravel, very tight structure 122
Figure 4.18. Total power of 2 motors rotating the drill chuck and torque on the drill bucket corresponding to the soft plastic state gray-brown clay layer 123
Figure 4.19. Total power of 2 motors rotating the drill chuck and torque on the drill bucket corresponding to the geological layer of brown gray, yellow gray, white gray clay, hard plastic state 124
Figure 4.20. Total power of 2 motors rotating the drill plate and torque on the drill bucket corresponding to geological layer of fine sand mixed with gravel, very tight structure 124
Figure 4.21. Total power of 2 motors rotating the drill plate and torque on the drill bucket corresponding to the geological layer of gravel mixed with multi-colored, multi-mineral sand and gravel, very tight structure 124
Figure 4.22. Hydraulic oil pressure in the 125 drill press cylinder
Figure 4.23. Displacement of drill chuck 125
Figure 4.24. Comparison chart of oil pressure in the high pressure branch supplying the hydraulic motor (gray-brown clayey geological layer in soft plastic state, depth from 26m - 32.5m) 126
Figure 4.25. Comparison chart of total oil flow supplied to hydraulic motor (gray-brown clayey geological layer in soft plastic state, depth from 26m - 32.5m) 126
Figure 4.26. Comparison chart of oil pressure in the 127 drill press cylinder
Figure 4.27. Drilling plate displacement comparison chart 127
INTRODUCTION
1. Urgency of the thesis
Road transport is an important part of the socio-economic infrastructure, so it is necessary to prioritize investment in developing road transport to create a premise, a driving force for socio-economic development, serving the cause of industrialization and modernization, meeting the process of regional and international economic integration, contributing to ensuring national defense and security. On August 24, 2009, the Prime Minister signed Decision No. 1327/QD-TTg approving the "Plan for developing Vietnam's road transport to 2020 and orientation to 2030.
According to the above plan, in the future, our country will build national highways with a total length of about 18,710 km, about 20 expressways with a total length of 8,871 km, and at the same time as developing the road network, the construction of bridges also needs to be implemented. In the North, a series of large bridge projects have been and are being invested in and built such as: Nhat Tan Bridge, Hong Ha Bridge, Me So, Vinh Thinh, Tu Lien, Dong Tru, Thach Cau, Phu Dong II, New Duong Bridge, ... In the South, there are projects: Binh Khanh Bridge on Nha Be River, Phuoc Khanh Bridge on Long Tong River, Phuoc Anh Bridge on Thi Vai River, Long Thanh Bridge, Nhon Trach Bridge, Saigon 2 Bridge, Phu Thuan Bridge... In addition to the bridges across the river, there are a series of overpasses built in urban areas. Therefore, the foundation treatment work is receiving special attention to increase the quality of the project while increasing construction progress, bringing economic efficiency. Many types of machinery and equipment are being used for foundation construction to create reinforced concrete piles with large depth and diameter in the foundation of the project such as sand pile drivers, wick presses, static pile presses, soil cement pile reinforcement machines. However, for the construction of high-rise building foundations as well as bridge piers, the most commonly used equipment is bored pile drilling equipment. Among the types of bored pile drilling machines currently used in Vietnam, the type of bored pile drilling machine mounted on a crawler crane is the most popular type because of its outstanding advantages such as: High mobility and stability, the base machine is a crane so it is versatile, can do many different jobs and is available in most bridge or high-rise building construction units.
Currently, construction units mainly import this type of pile drilling machine from abroad, with expensive prices and the most difficult part in "localizing" the product is manufacturing the machine's working set. To reduce financial difficulties in investing in equipment, construction units are looking for ways to research and calculate the design of the machine's working set to replace imported equipment. However, this is a specialized equipment, so it is not easy, requiring basic research, scientific basis and especially technological secrets in manufacturing mechanical products suitable for the current technological level of our country.
Based on the requirements of the above-mentioned production reality, some units are looking forward to cooperating with scientists from universities to research, design and manufacture bored pile drilling machines to replace imported equipment. The demand for supplying this product to the Vietnamese market at a low cost, only about 1/3 of the cost of imported equipment, is very large. The research results of the topic applied to production will contribute to exploiting the potential of domestic mechanics, limiting the import of machinery and equipment, saving foreign currency, creating jobs for workers and promoting the development of the domestic mechanical engineering industry. The research on the scientific basis to determine the reasonable technical parameters of bored pile drilling machines with working sets manufactured in Vietnam contributes to meeting the urgent production requirements in our country today. Therefore, the topic "Research to determine the appropriate technical parameters of the rotary bucket type pile drilling rig made in Vietnam" is highly topical and urgent.
2. Objectives of the thesis
The study determined the reasonable technical parameters (structural parameters and working parameters) of the rotary bucket type pile drilling rig made in Vietnam mounted on a crawler crane. Based on the research results, the thesis recommends some reasonable technical parameters of the machine under operating conditions in the Northern Delta region.
3. Research object and scope
a) Research subjects:
The rotary bucket type pile drilling rig made in Vietnam is mounted on the Hitachi CX500 crawler crane.
b) Scope of research:
Study on the dynamics of the hydraulic transmission system driving the working unit and study to determine the reasonable structural parameters and working parameters of the drilling bucket with borehole diameter Ф = 1.5 m, drilling depth H = 70 m, working in the Northern Delta region.
4. Research methods
Theoretical research combined with experiment and survey, specifically as follows:
a) In theory:
Build the hydraulic circuit of MKCN, set up the differential equation systems, solve the differential equations to determine the DLH parameters of the machine's hydraulic transmission system.
Build simulation programs for the TĐTL system using Matlab Simulink software.
Investigate the influence of geological factors and exploitation conditions on the hydraulic system parameters (pressure, flow, resistance torque, driving engine power...) using the built simulation program.
Solving the problem of optimizing the structural parameters and working parameters of the drilling bucket using the differential evolution (DE) method.
b) About experiment:
Research and measure the parameters of the drilling rig driving system on MKCN CX500 to verify the theoretical research results, from which to compare, evaluate and draw conclusions about the correctness of the theoretical model and the reliability of the results. Propose reasonable working parameters of the equipment when constructing bored piles in the Northern Delta.
c) About the survey:
Survey of factors affecting the characteristics of pile drilling rigs, as a basis for recommending reasonable structural parameters and operating parameters of rotary bucket type pile drilling rigs when constructing in the Northern Delta region.
5. Scientific and practical significance of the thesis
a. Scientific significance:
Building a hydraulic motor model driving the drill press and a hydraulic cylinder system model of the MKCN rotary bucket type drill press mounted on a crawler crane in Vietnam corresponding to the working states of the machine.
Build a simulation program of MKCN in typical working cases, survey the factors affecting the dynamic characteristics of the machine and from there recommend reasonable technical parameters of MKCN from a dynamic perspective.
Build and solve the optimization problem according to the minimum specific energy cost criterion, thereby determining the reasonable structural parameters and operating parameters of the bucket.
b. Practical significance:
The research results of the thesis can help MKCN manufacturing or exploitation units to refer to in designing and manufacturing machine working sets with high economic and technical indicators, and at the same time use them to select and operate equipment with reasonable working parameters.
In addition, these results can be used as useful references for training and scientific research in the field of MKCN.
6. New points of the thesis
Building and solving the DL model of the hydraulic motor driving the drill chuck and the hydraulic cylinder pressing the drill chuck on a bucket-type rotary drilling rig during construction in the Northern Delta region of Vietnam.
Determine the oscillation characteristics, dynamic pressure in the hydraulic motors driving the drill chuck and the hydraulic cylinders pressing the drill chuck, and dynamic coefficients corresponding to adverse working conditions of the machine.
Investigate the factors affecting the dynamic characteristics of the machine's pile drilling system and from there recommend reasonable technical parameters (structural parameters and working parameters) of the rotary bucket type pile drilling machine from a dynamic perspective.
Establish and solve the problem of optimizing the structural parameters and working parameters of the drilling bucket according to the smallest specific energy cost. From there, determine the reasonable set of structural parameters and working parameters of the bucket to serve the calculation of the design of the drilling bucket of the rotary bucket type bored pile drilling machine as well as the selection and operation of the machine in practice.
Create an experimental research method to determine some technical parameters of a rotary bucket type pile drilling machine with typical working cases.