Reasons for the Program's Success and Limitations

deep into Vietnam's continental shelf and exclusive economic zone in May 2014, and continued to move the Haiyang 981 drilling rig into the undefined overlapping area at the mouth of the Gulf of Tonkin in early April 2016, overseas Vietnamese have strongly demonstrated their patriotism by organizing fundraising movements for the beloved Truong Sa, for the sovereignty of the sea and islands of the Fatherland, and at the same time holding peaceful protests to oppose China's arrogant actions. That sentiment has also spread to foreigners. Many foreigners have also joined the anti-China protests. Many foreign reporters have written articles to speak out against China's aggression in the East Sea.

With a large amount of news, many programs, diverse news pages, quite rich presentation methods, applying many characteristics of radio, the radio program "For Vietnamese compatriots living far from the Fatherland" not only meets the daily information needs but also contributes to preserving the identity of the Vietnamese language. Faced with the reality that the number of Vietnamese people living abroad who do not know Vietnamese is increasing, especially the 2nd, 3rd, 4th generation born abroad, the program has created a separate program "Homeland's language for people living far from home" specializing in teaching Vietnamese. This program has been very positively received by overseas Vietnamese after its launch. Listener Dinh Qu Truong, currently living in Switzerland, said that he and his family left Vietnam nearly half a century ago. He expressed: "I regret not teaching my children Vietnamese from a young age. Now, my children grow up and want to learn Vietnamese, but in Switzerland there are no schools teaching Vietnamese. I am very happy to have been introduced to your Vietnamese language learning program by an acquaintance in Hanoi. I have heard about the program and found the lessons very useful for foreigners, especially Vietnamese children living far away from the homeland who want to learn their mother tongue.

Compared to many radio programs on the Voice of Vietnam, the radio program "For Vietnamese compatriots living far from the Fatherland" was born late but has truly become a spiritual food, indispensable for many overseas Vietnamese living far from the Fatherland. By promoting timely propaganda of domestic and international situations with the right orientation, the program has contributed to many positive changes in the overseas Vietnamese community. The number of overseas Vietnamese returning home increases every year. In 2015, the amount of remittances sent back to the country reached about 13 billion USD. Of the total remittances sent back to Vietnam, the source of money sent from the US accounted for 50%, Australia accounted for 9%, Canada accounted for 8.4%, Germany accounted for 6% and remittances sent from France accounted for 4%, the rest from other countries. Ho Chi Minh City is the locality with the largest amount of remittances in the country. Over the past year, remittances in Ho Chi Minh City have been used quite effectively, with nearly 72% invested in production and business and 22% invested in real estate. Currently, the number of overseas Vietnamese returning home to invest is increasing. Particularly, Vietnamese people in Eastern Europe have brokered or directly operated businesses to export Vietnamese goods to this region worth hundreds of millions of US dollars a year.

In the period when the world economy is still in crisis and showing signs of decline, attracting a large amount of remittances every year is very meaningful, contributing to increasing the ability to accumulate foreign currency and manage the macro economy of the Government. For the people, remittances also contribute to increasing income, solving employment, contributing to improving the lives of a part of the population.

After that, the Foreign Affairs Editorial Board, now the National Foreign Affairs Broadcasting System, imported Netia software, a new technology into the production of foreign affairs radio programs, which has brought about remarkable progress compared to traditional technology. Thanks to this software, in the process of creating

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As well as the process of doing radio, reporters avoid many mistakes and save time.

When the traditional radio program “For Vietnamese compatriots living far from the Fatherland” was posted on the website vovworld.vn, through the website, information was updated quickly, serving overseas Vietnamese and a large number of Internet users well. The biggest advantage of this Vietnamese website is that it is easy to access, just need an Internet connection to read, listen, and watch easily. Listening on the radio is much more inconvenient due to fixed broadcast hours.

The number of audio-encoded news articles posted on the website is large, with diverse and rich topics. Articles with photos or audio are all labeled with external icons so that readers can know immediately. Thus, readers can both read the text and listen to the audio file. The integrated media format that the Vietnamese page of the website vovworld.vn implements is a competitive advantage, bringing in a large number of visitors. Because the more attractive multimedia articles a newspaper has, the more it will win the "hearts and minds" of its readers.

The strength of the radio program “For Vietnamese compatriots living far from the Fatherland” is its large storage capacity. With the ability to store indefinitely, readers, especially overseas Vietnamese in particular, can look up and search for a huge amount of information on the electronic newspaper. Overseas Vietnamese can easily find and re-read, listen to it again when needed.

Countless e-mails have flown in to express their feelings about the program broadcast on the website in both text and audio and video. It can be said that the areas that receive the most letters from readers and listeners are in the states of the United States, where many of our overseas Vietnamese live. Read the very long letter from Mr. Le Trong Van, an overseas Vietnamese in

California, the reporter who made the program was very touched. His letter said: “I am very proud of the development of the Voice of Vietnam. Previously, the station only reached overseas Vietnamese in Thailand, New Zealand... Now, the station has crossed the vast Pacific Ocean to reach our compatriots in Australia, the US... The station not only brings news of the day but also informs us about the construction and development of the economy, society, culture, art, music... of the country, etc. The Voice of Vietnam is a voice of hope, dear to the Vietnamese children far from home...". Mr. John Au announced in his letter: "I am very happy to hear the voices of the announcers of the Voice of Vietnam. Because, when I listen, I feel like I am living on the land of Vietnam. Thank you for letting me hear a very Vietnamese voice on the Internet...".

The website also contributes to effectively target information to audiences far from the Fatherland. The third generation of Vietnamese living abroad mostly do not know Vietnamese. This is a pressing issue for Vietnamese living abroad. The Teaching Vietnamese section is regularly posted on the website vovworld.vn to help the younger generation learn Vietnamese and at the same time spread our rich and diverse Vietnamese language to them.

3.2.2. Limitations

Over the years, although there have been many improvements to enhance the quality of the program, certain progress has been achieved, meeting the needs of radio listeners, the radio program "For Vietnamese compatriots living far away from the Fatherland" also revealed certain limitations:

Firstly, in the creative process, although most of the journalism genres have been mobilized, some genres such as: talk shows, reports, and quick notes have not appeared much. For radio, these are the genres

dominant due to its quickness, ability to convince listeners by the richness, liveliness and authenticity of the opinions presented directly. Through the survey, it was shown that from January to April 2016, there was only one discussion with the theme "Connecting and promoting the strength of overseas Vietnamese entrepreneurs in the integration process" broadcast on February 8, 2016. This is one of the reasons why the program has not yet fully promoted the strengths of the radio format.

Second, some programs such as “Story with people far from home”, “You need to know” still have duplicate content. The most popular program is “Teaching Vietnamese” . This program guides Vietnamese people abroad to learn Vietnamese, but the lessons are not really rich and the topics are often repeated many times. Sometimes, the repetition often seen in a week makes the program poor and monotonous. For example: Vietnamese lesson with some sample sentences about prices, buying and selling goods - Part 2 (March 5, 2016); Vietnamese lesson with some sample sentences about prices, buying and selling goods - Part 3 (March 12, 2016); Lesson on buying and selling transactions (September 22, 2015); Vietnamese lesson with the topic of shopping (September 29, 2015)

Third, the program lacks good editors' voices, especially male voices, in the role of hosts. When making the program, some editors read rather than speak to the machine. On the other hand, because the narration and works presented on the text are still influenced by the written language, when presenting to the machine, some editors pause, take a breath or pause incorrectly. Such a way of presenting is often not as accurate as the professional voice of the announcer.

Fourth, regarding the structure and layout of the program, although there is flexibility, it is generally still stereotyped and rarely changed. In the news bulletins, political news and reception news have a fairly large proportion, usually accounting for 1/3. Meanwhile, audience news accounts for a small proportion. The stereotype is most clearly shown in the organization.

Organize and arrange news bulletins. Specifically, in the programs, political news and reception news are always arranged in the first section.

The arrangement of the news bulletin is based on the subjective basis of the editor, not on the information needs of the listener. According to experts, the positioning of news in the bulletin must be based on the basis, the actual needs of the audience, the timeliness of the news, the importance of the event and the practicality of the listener. For the listener, the closer the information is to their interests, the more it attracts their attention.

Fifth, the Voice of Vietnam's international coverage is not wide, even in some key regions such as Europe or North America, the program's signal is not clear and the quality is not consistent. This affects the need to listen to the radio to get information of Vietnamese people abroad.

Sixth, the program is not attractive because it is not expressed in images. Radio uses synthetic sound. The sound can be lively, intimate, private but only fleeting, difficult to linger, difficult to remember. That has shown the biggest disadvantage of the type of radio news is "fleeting". Listening a lot but the impression cannot be compared to witnessing it with the eyes once. Although the content of the program has been posted on the website vovworld.vn, the products such as television news, videos made by reporters and editors of the program are too few. This leads to a lack of attractiveness for readers on the website. Only the multimedia combination of radio, video news, graphics, and information boxes can create a new look on the website and show the advantage of radio news in the multimedia communication trend.

3.3. Reasons for the program's success and limitations

3.3.1. Reasons for success

In terms of technology, up to now, the program has been digitized for a number of years. Previously, program production was carried out on a tape-based technical system, which was several decades ago. Up to now, the program has been digitized and is gradually approaching the modernity of the radio listening devices of listeners in developed countries. Compared to traditional technology, new technology brings about remarkable progress, changing the entire production technology process, many superior features, from recording to editing, staging and production of programs, to scheduling and automatic broadcasting according to the established schedule, improving production efficiency, overcoming many disadvantages of traditional radio. Because of this technical development, the quality of the program has been improved compared to before.

3.3.2. Causes of limitations

The coverage area of the radio program “For Vietnamese compatriots living far from the Fatherland” used to be 10 hours of broadcasting per day. Currently, due to the rapid development of mass media and the proliferation of the internet, the Voice of Vietnam has reduced the broadcasting hours of the radio program “For Vietnamese compatriots living far from the Fatherland” from 10:00 a.m. to 6:00 a.m. every day. This means narrowing the coverage area of the Voice of Vietnam and thereby also narrowing the number of listeners to the program.

Any radio program, no matter how successful, cannot avoid limitations. The radio program "For Vietnamese compatriots living far from the Fatherland" is the same. Besides its strengths, the program also has certain limitations. These limitations can be due to objective or subjective reasons. If the program makers have measures to overcome the limitations and promote the strengths, the program will increasingly improve its quality and create trust.

trust in the hearts of the public, especially Vietnamese people living far away from the Fatherland.

3.4. Solutions to improve program quality

3.4.1. Improving the qualifications of radio journalists

3.3.1.1. Participate in training courses to improve journalism skills

Currently, the team of reporters and editors of the radio program “For Vietnamese compatriots living far from the Fatherland” consists of 6 people, all of whom graduated from domestic journalism universities. However, these members have few opportunities to participate in journalism courses abroad taught by foreign journalism experts. Therefore, it is necessary to create conditions for them to interact and take journalism courses abroad to learn modern journalism experiences from foreign press agencies. Every thought, viewpoint, and opinion broadcast on foreign radio must clearly reflect the viewpoint of the Party and State, representing what is right and what is standard. Therefore, reporters need to deeply and comprehensively understand and express the issues they want to convey to listeners.

In addition, we should expand exchanges and study with international radio stations to improve professional radio journalism skills and foreign language proficiency.

3.4.1.2. Continue to improve your knowledge

When playing the role of editor, radio journalists are the ones who filter, proofread, and correct works before broadcasting. Editors must be like gatekeepers, not allowing mistakes and bad things to pass through their guard station to appear on the airwaves. The needs of the public in modern times are much different from before. That requires reporters and editors to constantly improve their knowledge in all aspects. At the same time, they must constantly innovate and improve the quality of radio programs, in order to have a positive impact on the general public.

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