MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT
INSTITUTE OF ANIMAL BREEDING
PHAM THI MINH NU
PRODUCTION PERFORMANCE OF DVN1 AND DVN2 PIG FROM DUROC CANADA GENETIC SOURCE
DOCTORAL THESIS
MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT
INSTITUTE OF ANIMAL BREEDING
----- -----
PHAM THI MINH NU
PRODUCTION PERFORMANCE OF DVN1 AND DVN2 PIG FROM DUROC CANADA GENETIC SOURCE
Industry: Animal Husbandry
Code: 9 62 01 05
SCIENTIFIC INSTRUCTORS : DR. TRINH HONG SON, ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR, DR. NGUYEN VAN DUC
COMMITMENT
I hereby declare that this is my scientific work, within the framework of the Ministry-level Key Project “Research on selection and creation of synthetic sow and final boar lines from imported genetic resources with high productivity and quality for livestock farming in the Northern provinces”. The data and research results in the thesis are honest, accurate and have not been used to defend any academic degree.
Any help received in preparing this thesis has been acknowledged and all sources cited in this thesis have been duly acknowledged.
Pham Thi Minh Nu |
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
To complete this thesis, I would like to sincerely thank Dr. Trinh Hong Son and Associate Professor Dr. Nguyen Van Duc for their enthusiastic guidance, instruction and help throughout the process of conducting research and writing the thesis.
I would like to sincerely thank the Board of Directors of the Institute of Animal Husbandry, the Department of Science, Training and International Cooperation, the Thuy Phuong Pig Research Center, the Center for Plant Breeding, Livestock and Aquaculture of Thai Nguyen Province, Hai Ninh Investment and Construction Joint Stock Company, and the Ninh Binh Branch of the Center for Research and Development of Plant Breeding - Hung Tuyen Company Limited for creating all favorable conditions and helping me during the process of studying, researching and writing my thesis.
I would like to sincerely thank the staff of Ky Son Nuclear Pig Breed Research and Development Station and Tam Diep Nuclear Pig Breed Research and Development Station for creating favorable conditions in terms of facilities and human resources to help me in the process of implementing the topic of my PhD thesis.
I would like to sincerely thank scientists, experts in the field of pig farming, friends, colleagues and family members who have encouraged and supported me throughout my graduate studies./.
Pham Thi Minh Nu |
INDEX
COMMITMENT i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ii
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS viii
LIST OF TABLES ix
LIST OF FIGURES xii
INTRODUCTION 1
1.1. URGENCY OF THE TOPIC 1
1.2. OBJECTIVES OF TOPIC 2
1.3. NEW CONTRIBUTIONS OF TOPIC 2
1.4. SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF TOPIC 3
1.4.1. Scientific significance 3
1.4.2. Practical significance 3
Chapter I DOCUMENT OVERVIEW 4
1.1. SCIENTIFIC BASIS OF THE RESEARCH PROBLEM 4
1.1.1. Growth ability and influencing factors 4
1.1.1.1. Physiological and growth characteristics of pigs 4
1.1.1.2. Growth ability assessment criteria 5
1.1.1.3. Factors affecting growth and carcass productivity.7
1.1.2. Reproductive performance of sows and influencing factors 8
1.1.3.1. Indicators for evaluating the reproductive capacity of sows 8
1.1.3.2. Factors affecting the reproductive capacity of sows 9
1.1.3. Quantity, quality of semen and influencing factors 11
1.1.3.1. Scientific basis of semen production in pigs 11
1.1.3.2. Criteria for evaluating the quantity and quality of pig semen 11
1.1.3.3. Factors affecting the quantity and quality of semen 13
1.1.4. Pork carcass yield 17
1.1.4.1. Indicators for evaluating pork carcass productivity 17
1.1.4.2. Factors affecting pork carcass productivity 18
1.1.5. Pork quality 20
1.1.5.1. Concept and classification of pork quality 20
1.1.5.2. Meat quality assessment criteria 23
1.1.5.3. Main factors affecting meat quality 28
1.2. DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN RESEARCH SITUATION 32
1.2.1. Research situation abroad 32
1.2.2. Domestic research situation 39
CHAPTER II SUBJECTS, CONTENT AND METHODS OF RESEARCH
................................................................ ................................................................ ..............................49
2.1. SUBJECT OF RESEARCH 49
2.1.1. Production capacity of DVN1 and DVN2 pigs 49
2.1.1.1. Growth performance and carcass productivity of DVN1 and DVN2 pigs 49 2.1.1.2. Reproductive performance of DVN1 and DVN2 sows 50
2.1.1.3. Quantity and quality of semen of DVN1 and DVN2 boars 50
2.1.2. Productivity of commercial pig combinations using DVN1, DVN2 boars mated with PS1 and PS2 parent sows 51
2.1.2.1. Evaluation of growth performance and carcass yield of commercial pig combinations TP1, TP2, TP3 and TP4 51
2.1.2.2. Survey and evaluation of carcass productivity of commercial pig groups TP1, TP2, TP3 and TP4 52
2.1.2.3. Evaluation of meat quality of commercial pig combinations TP1, TP2, TP3 and TP4 53
2.2. LOCATION AND TIME OF RESEARCH 53
2.2.1. Research location 53
2.2.2. Research time 53
2.3. RESEARCH CONTENT 53
2.3.1. Evaluation of production capacity of DVN1 and DVN2 pigs 53
2.3.1.1. Growth performance and carcass productivity of DVN1 and DVN2 pigs 54 2.3.1.2. Reproductive performance of DVN1 and DVN2 sows 54
2.3.1.3. Quantity and quality of semen of DVN1 and DVN2 boars 54
2.3.2. Evaluation of productivity of commercial pig combinations using DVN1, DVN2 boars mated with PS1 and PS2 parent sows 54
2.4. MATERIALS AND RESEARCH METHODS 55
2.4.1. Production capacity of DVN1 and DVN2 pigs 55
2.4.1.1. Growth performance and carcass productivity of DVN1 and DVN2 pigs 55 2.4.1.2. Reproductive performance of DVN1 and DVN2 sows 57
2.4.1.3. Quantity and quality of semen of DVN1 and DVN2 pigs 58
2.4.2. Productivity of commercial pigs using DVN1, DVN2 male lines mated with PS1 and PS2 parent sows 60
2.4.2.1. Growth capacity of commercial pig combinations TP1, TP2, TP3 and TP4 60
2.4.2.2. Carcass yield of commercial pig combinations 61
2.4.2.3. Meat quality of commercial pig combinations 62
Chapter III RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 64
3.1. PRODUCTION CAPACITY OF DVN1 AND DVN2 PIG 64
3.1.1. Growth performance and carcass yield of DVN1 and DVN2 pigs 64
3.1.1.1. Effects of factors on growth and carcass productivity of DVN1 and DVN2 pigs 64
3.1.1.2. Growth ability and carcass productivity of DVN1 and DVN2 pigs 65
3.1.1.3. Growth performance and carcass yield of DVN1 and DVN2 pigs over 3 generations 69
3.1.1.4. Growth ability and carcass productivity of DVN1 and DVN2 pigs according to characteristics 72
3.1.2. Reproductive performance of DVN1 and DVN2 sows 75
3.1.2.1. Influence of factors on reproductive performance of DVN1 and DVN2 sows 75
3.1.2.2. Reproductive performance of DVN1 and DVN2 sows 77
3.1.2.3. Reproductive performance of DVN1 and DVN2 sows over 3 generations 81
3.1.2.4. Reproductive performance of DVN1 and DVN2 sows through 3 litters 86
3.1.3. Quantity and quality of semen of DVN1 and DVN2 boars 90
3.1.3.1. Influence of factors on the quantity and quality of semen of DVN1 and DVN2 boars 90
3.1.3.2. Quantity and quality of semen of DVN1 and DVN2 boars 91
3.1.3.3. Quantity and quality of semen of DVN1 and DVN2 boars over 3 generations 95
3.2. GROWTH CAPABILITY, CARCIN PRODUCTION AND MEAT QUALITY OF COMMERCIAL PIG COMBINATIONS USING DVN1, DVN2 BORS MATERED WITH PS1 AND PS2 PARENT SOWS 98
3.2.1. Growth performance and carcass productivity of commercial pig combinations using DVN1 and DVN2 boars mated with PS1 and PS2 parent sows 98
3.2.1.1. The influence of some factors on growth and carcass productivity of commercial pig groups 99
3.2.1.2. Growth performance and carcass yield of commercial pig combinations 99
3.2.1.3. Growth performance and carcass yield of commercial pig combinations according to characteristics 102
3.2.2. Evaluation of carcass productivity of commercial pig combinations when using DVN1, DVN2 boars mated with PS1 and PS2 parent sows 104
3.2.3. Meat quality of commercial pig combinations when using DVN1, DVN2 boars mated with PS1 and PS2 parent sows 111
3.2.3.1. Meat quality of commercial pig combinations 111
3.2.3.2. Meat quality of commercial pig combinations according to characteristics 112
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 116
1. CONCLUSION 116
1.1. Production capacity of two pig lines DVN1 and DVN2 116
1.2. Growth performance, carcass yield and meat quality of commercial pig combinations using DVN1 and DVN2 boars mated with PS1 and PS2 parent sows. 117
2. PROPOSAL 117