Overall Assessment (Strengths, Limitations and Causes)

The survey revealed the following difficulties:

- There is still a feeling of anxiety and discomfort among teachers and students when they are being tested. Because most managers focus on the purpose of testing as monitoring and evaluation, it more or less affects the psychology of teachers and students. Many teachers are anxious and want to finish the test to escape the stress of being tested. Most people have the need to be respected by others, to be appreciated at work, and to demonstrate their abilities, so they agree with the view that they are confident in their abilities when being tested. This is also a way for them to express their need to satisfy the respect of others for their abilities, capacities, and to assert themselves. The majority of parents interviewed found that their children were anxious before tests. As for students, there are still some who lack confidence and are uncomfortable when teachers check old lessons.

- Difficulties in checking teaching activities in class: Some managers and teachers consider that the standardization of tests is one of the difficulties they encounter in organizing the internal testing of teaching activities in their schools. In addition, other difficulties that managers have to face are that teachers are still coping and not proactive in testing. Most schools often focus on the form of pre-announced testing so that teachers have time to prepare well when being tested, some teachers even give questions to discuss in advance, give situations in advance for students to prepare at home before observing and evaluating the lesson. Therefore, the evaluation of teachers' lessons can be said to not truly reflect the teaching capacity of teachers as well as the learning activities of students. For teachers, the difficulties they bring up come from the inspection force. Some teachers who were asked were concerned about the capacity as well as the views of those who checked them. They said that the inspection force was biased and subjective when evaluating them. However, managers viewed this issue more positively. Thus, the common difficulty in the internal audit of teaching activities that teachers need to pay attention to is the perfunctory compliance, lack of creativity, initiative, and self-awareness of members of the pedagogical collective, caused by the lack of specific and suitable inspection standards; the inspection force has not yet properly demonstrated its function in the assessment.

- Difficulties in testing and evaluating students' learning activities: According to the comments of managers, they still encounter students' lack of self-discipline in learning.

test. They think that scores do not truly reflect the learning of students and most tend to comment that the level of students is uneven. In reality, many students only study when there is a test, or "manage" in the test to get the score... Therefore, it is easy to see that the quality of students' learning is not reflected in the scores they achieve. Quality is only achieved when there is adequate investment from the management subject for the management object, from planning, fostering professional qualifications and awareness, qualities to paying attention to both external influences and internal development trends of this subject. It is because of the lack of full attention to the above factors of some managers and teachers that has led to inadequate awareness of students' testing, students lack of initiative and creativity in learning, and different levels.

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2.3.6. General assessment (strengths, limitations and causes)

- The internal audit of teaching activities of teachers in schools is carried out according to a relatively stable process. However, many teachers mainly manage based on experience and are easily subjective in their work. Teachers do not really have a firm grasp of management science in general and in the field of internal audit of teaching activities in particular.

- General awareness of managers and teachers about internal audit of teaching activities: seeing the importance of internal audit of teaching activities, being aware of their responsibility in improving the quality of teaching and learning in the school. Principals themselves also focus on finding measures to carry out this work more effectively. However, there are still managers, teachers and students who are not fully aware of the internal audit of teaching activities in the classroom of the principal. This subjective and incomplete view of the inspection function in school management has shown that some principals still take the inspection work lightly and only do it based on experience and habits, thus leading to the phenomenon of some teachers and students having a stressful mentality, affecting the general psychology of the unit, reducing the self-study and self-inspection capacity of these subjects.

- The development of the school's internal audit plan for teaching activities is carried out right from the beginning of each school year, based on the directives of superiors setting out the general direction of the school's activities in internal audit for teaching activities. The plans have shown the purpose, content, targets, measures; expected objects, forms, and time of inspection; ensured the relative stability of the plan; and ensured publicity. However, the development of this plan by the school's

still formal, general, not specific to suit the conditions of each school year. Therefore, planning only stops at short-term goals without long-term strategies and strategic vision. There are still some teachers who are subjective when they have not carefully studied the directive documents, misunderstand or entrust their subordinates to follow the content of the document mechanically, lacking specificity, not suitable for the unit. The unification of testing standards is not carried out according to the process, is still perfunctory, perfunctory, even skipping this step, only relying on the available standards of the Ministry of Education and Training without paying attention to adjusting them to suit the actual conditions of the school. Teachers are interested in analyzing the pedagogical capacity of teachers, the level of students, the conditions of facilities as well as preparing the mental and attitude of teachers and students when planning tests, but not very deeply.

- The organization of the Internal Audit of the teaching activities of the school boards helps this work to always go in the right direction, completing the plan in the best way. The boards pay attention to the decentralization and assignment of tasks in the inspection and ensure full information about the inspection to the subjects. This aspect is still limited because it is not strict, lacking in depth in each content such as the boards almost ignore the establishment of the inspection force, simply assigning tasks to the Center for Professional Development and professional group leaders. The inspection force has achieved in quantity and professional level but works ineffectively, cannot fully demonstrate its functions, and is still evaluated based on feelings. In addition, the boards also underestimate the preparation of conditions for inspection, leading to the fact that some teachers and students still lack confidence and cope when being inspected.

- The implementation of the Internal Audit of Teaching Activities of the school's teachers and students helps teachers and students to be disciplined and fully perform their teaching tasks, but it is still a formality. The teachers have directed and clearly divided tasks in checking teachers' records and lesson plans; implemented the correct time and inspection regime; and implemented the class observation regime. However, the class observation work has not been really effective and is limited to providing information for management rather than helping teachers and students gain experience to adjust and overcome shortcomings in teaching. In the inspection, attention is paid to understanding the thoughts and aspirations of teachers and students to create a comfortable atmosphere in the common activities of the school. In addition, the teachers ensure that

Inspection of professional group activities and student learning activities takes place periodically and regularly. Formality is shown in the fact that managers pay little attention to limitations in teaching content or other shortcomings in teachers' records. At the same time, the inspection of professional group activities only stops at administrative inspection, not going into professional expertise, so it is not very effective. Regarding the inspection of the question-making and marking stages, the scoring is not consistent, only focusing on "main" subjects; there is a lack of consideration for the structure of a test, and there is also laxity in some schools in inspecting the marking of returned papers by teachers, although teachers pay attention to managing the question-making and organizing periodic tests, marking returned papers, and scoring; demonstrating fairness and transparency in student assessment. There is no attention paid to coordinating with parents in the inspection.

- The summary and evaluation of the internal audit of teaching activities of the teachers of the schools have been fully implemented in drawing experience and evaluating the teaching sessions after observing. The teachers are interested in making adjustments after the inspection such as nurturing excellent students, tutoring weak students, creating conditions for teachers to study and improve pedagogical capacity. However, the teachers are only interested in evaluating and classifying teachers and students, have not analyzed the results and effectiveness of education; have not fully performed the tasks of inspection, evaluation, consultation and promotion in the inspection work. The teachers have not really created innovation in the way of inspecting and evaluating students. The feedback on experience is still loose, lacking "strong hands" in cases of weak expertise; the handling directions are still general. In tutoring weak students, the effectiveness of the work has not been evaluated.

Causes of the situation

* Subjective causes:

- The HT and PHT, most of them have a high age, working age, seniority in management work and solid professional qualifications, so they have a lot of experience in management and are responsible for their work. But that easily leads to management that is still heavily empirical and subjective. Besides, these managers have only attended short-term training courses on school management, and have not even received specialized training, so they do not have a solid scientific basis and show low planning in management work. At the same time, due to not having received proper training in

Management science has also led to inadequate awareness of the work of auditing teaching activities, so most teachers consider this a measure to put the school's teaching activities into order and to evaluate competition rather than creating a need for self-inspection to improve the school's teaching quality.

- Teachers are always aware of their position and role in the school, so they always pay attention to improving their awareness and professional qualifications and have plans to train teachers in the school's general activities. Although it has had an impact on teachers' and students' awareness of the work of auditing teaching activities, it is not regular and thorough, so teachers and students still do not clearly see the role and significance of this inspection work to improve the quality of teaching and learning, develop the school in general, and develop teachers and students in particular.

- The mentality of being afraid of confrontation, being too lenient, and being afraid of difficulties is still common among the HTs. Besides, because of the unit's achievements, the HTs are still lax in their inspection and evaluation, and are still general or "cover up" the shortcomings and limitations of the unit.

- The teaching staff of the schools is relatively stable in terms of quantity and quality. Their love for the profession and children has helped them always strive to improve, especially in implementing the "innovation in teaching and assessment" of the industry. However, teachers always have the mentality of being managed, so when they are the subject of inspection, some of them are hesitant, avoidant or confrontational, and uncooperative with the management staff in the inspection work.

- Students lack confidence when taking tests because they are not fully equipped with knowledge and behavioral skills.

* Objective reasons:

- Leaders from the Committees at all levels to the Department, the Department of Education and Training, and local social organizations are always interested in the field of education. The Department of Education and Training of Can Tho previously organized short-term training courses or bachelor's degree training in management for managers, although they were not regular and had limited human resources. In recent years, the Department of Education and Training, the District People's Committee and the Department of Education and Training have paid more attention to investing in "standardization" and "specialization" of educational management staff such as planning the team of managers, source staff and sending them to attend training courses and training in educational management. Therefore, school management in general and the implementation of management functions in particular

of the HTs is gradually being improved. The assessment and evaluation are having significant innovations. However, the team of managers and teachers is still lacking and some still do not meet the standards of secondary school teachers, thus significantly affecting the overall quality of teaching.

- The number of students and the number of teachers in each school has a big difference. Schools with a small number of teachers and students will make it easier for managers to inspect and supervise teaching activities. However, "small" schools have limited facilities, which greatly affects teaching activities, and it is easy to overlook professional limitations when inspecting and evaluating teaching sessions.

- The management mechanism still has many shortcomings. The Head of the Department has to handle many tasks and have many meetings, so the internal audit work in the school is still perfunctory and perfunctory; it is left to the professional TTCM and Vice Heads. The Heads have not really been given full decision-making power but are still subject to the general direction of the Department, so they lack creativity and decisiveness in general management work and in performing specific functions.

Chapter 2 Conclusion

Through the survey, the internal audit of teaching activities of secondary schools is carried out in a disciplined and relatively stable manner. However, going deeper into each aspect of this activity, we still see certain limitations, the most prominent of which is that the planning of the schools is not taken seriously, is still general, not specific to each step, and still ignores important steps in building the inspection force, unifying inspection standards, leading to a situation where the inspection is too formal and perfunctory. From that, it shows that the internal audit of teaching activities only shows criticism and evaluation, and has not performed well the task of advising and promoting teachers in improving their skills and students' progress in learning. That shows that the inspection efficiency is not high and the inspection is not really a need for the management object, so self-inspection for teachers, students and even for managers has not been well demonstrated. The main reason for the above limitations is the lack of science in management, so management is mainly based on "empiricism". Thus, the above conclusions are consistent with the hypothesis that the author stated in the introduction.

Chapter 3

MEASURES TO MANAGE AND INSPECT INTERNAL TEACHING ACTIVITIES OF PRINCIPALS OF SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN BACH DISTRICT

THONG, BAC KAN PROVINCE

3.1. Guiding principles for proposed measures

3.1.1. Ensure the goal principle

- School internal audit work is carried out on the principle that the Head is both the subject of inspection (inspecting subordinates according to the functions and tasks of State management) and the subject of inspection (publicizing activities and information on school management) for the Internal Audit Board to conduct inspection; the People's Inspectorate and the collective of staff, teachers and employees supervise.

- In school activities, when starting to innovate a content or activity, raising the awareness of the teaching staff about that content or activity is extremely important. Because, with the right awareness, we will know how to implement it scientifically and according to the right process; and most importantly, we will see the benefits of implementing that content or activity for our own development as well as the development of the school.

- Managing the internal audit of teaching activities is a fairly new approach for secondary schools. Therefore, the implementation in practice will arise many difficulties. First of all, it is the incorrect perception of the internal audit of teaching activities right at the school during the school year, which was previously only inspected by the superior agency every 2 years. Therefore, raising the awareness of the staff, teachers and employees in the regular internal audit activities is also a big change.

- Raising teachers' awareness will help them fully understand the significance of KTNB activities in general schools today, which is a driving force to promote the overall quality of the school, including improving the quality of education. Therefore, this is a principle that needs special attention when proposing management measures.

3.1.2. Ensure systematic and synchronous

- The proposed measures to help the HT manage the activities of the KTNB HĐDH need to ensure the basic and systematic nature. The systematic nature here ensures that the HT conducts its management activities scientifically and methodically based on scientific knowledge.

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