Opportunities and Challenges for the Development of Danang Beach Tourism

Thus, under normal conditions, the climate in Da Nang is considered a resource for tourism development.

2.1.3. Conditions for developing Da Nang sea tourism

Regarding the sea and coastline, Da Nang has a coastline of about 30 km, with Da Nang Bay located between the slopes of Hai Van and Son Tra mountains, with deep water, convenient for the construction of large ports and some other specialized ports. At the same time, Da Nang is also located on international sea routes, so it is very convenient for waterway traffic. On the other hand, Da Nang Bay is also a place for large-capacity ships to shelter from storms.

Da Nang's sea area has a fishing ground of over 15,000 km2 , with abundant marine animals of over 266 species, of which seafood has high economic value including 16 species (11 species of shrimp, 02 types of squid and 03 types of seaweed) with a total reserve of 1,136,000 tons of various types of seafood (according to the forecast of the Ministry of Fisheries) and is distributed in waters with a depth of 50 - 200m (accounting for 48.1%), at a depth of 50m (accounting for 31%) and in waters deeper than 200m (accounting for 20.6%). Annually, the ability to exploit various types of seafood in the locality reaches over 150,000 - 200,000 tons.

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Da Nang also has a long coastline with many beautiful beaches such as Non Nuoc, My Khe, Thanh Khe, Nam O with many amazing natural landscapes; in the area around Son Tra peninsula there are large coral reefs, favorable for developing various types of business, services, and sea tourism. In addition, Da Nang sea is being explored for oil, gas, fuel,...

With a long beautiful coastline, located in the key economic zone of Central Vietnam and the gateway to the Pacific Ocean of Myanmar, Thailand, Laos and Vietnam. From that, it can be seen that Da Nang has many favorable conditions to attract domestic and international tourists.

Coming to Da Nang city, what impresses tourists is the extremely fresh and cool atmosphere, which is something that not every city has. The city has the poetic Han River, creating a peaceful, quiet space for tourists to walk or sit quietly watching the gentle river flow. Every night, tourists

Guests can sit on a yacht with their family to enjoy the feeling of floating and the coolness of the waves. This place is also famous for its beautiful bridges across the Han River such as the Han River Bridge, Thuan Phuoc Bridge, Dragon Bridge, etc. Every year, the Han River is also the place to hold events such as the International Fireworks Festival, boat racing, etc.

Da Nang also has Ba Na tourist area, blessed with a temperate climate all year round, so this is truly an ideal resort for families. Ngu Hanh Son Mountain or Non Nuoc Mountain is a famous scenic spot also located in Hoa Hai ward, Ngu Hanh Son district, 8km southeast of Da Nang city center right on the Da Nang - Hoi An route, with limestone mountains scattered over an area of about 2 km 2 , including: Kim Son, Moc Son, Tho Son, Thuy Son and Hoa Son. Each mountain has its own beauty in shape, location, stone material, and caves.

caves, temples inside,...

About 7 km from the center of Da Nang city, there is Son Tra peninsula with an area of nearly 4,400 hectares, currently being built into a number of tourist areas with poetic beaches, some suitable for adventure tourism or diving tourism and the sea surrounding Son Tra in the future will be one of 15 national marine reserves. In Son Tra peninsula, visitors can soak in the cool, clear water on beautiful beaches with many coral reefs near the shore. In addition, here visitors can also enjoy many specialties such as Quang noodles, rice paper rolls with pork, very typical of the region, and fresh seafood; participate in major tourism events such as the international fireworks display competition, the international parachute competition, ...

2.1.4. Opportunities and challenges for the development of Da Nang sea tourism

2.1.4.1. Opportunity

Da Nang is one of the major tourist destinations of Vietnam tourism along with other tourist destinations such as Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh, Khanh Hoa, Hoi An... with the socio-economic developments of the world in general as well as the country in particular that have been, are and will be taking place, creating many opportunities for the development of tourism in general as well as sea tourism in particular of Da Nang city in the time to come.

In the coming time, there are not only development opportunities for the marine tourism industry of our country in general, but also for the marine tourism industry of Da Nang in particular, there are also other great opportunities for development that other localities do not have. Specifically:

- The world's economic, political and security developments have a stronger impact when Vietnam's integration into the world economy becomes deeper and more comprehensive with its participation in the World Trade Organization (WTO) as well as efforts in the negotiation and agreement process to be able to participate in the Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement (TPP), the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC). In that trend, the globalization process has been taking place as an objective trend, attracting other countries and territories in the world to promote cooperation with our country. Our country's bilateral and multilateral relations with the United States, Japan, and European countries are increasingly expanding in economic, cultural, social, environmental activities and common issues towards the millennium goals... and are increasingly developing in a positive direction.

Vietnam's active diplomatic relations with the world have opened up opportunities to attract capital and technology investment into Vietnam in general and tourism investment in particular. Major economies and international organizations are actively supporting Vietnam in the process of transforming the economy to a market mechanism, in which FDI and ODA investment flows for tourism development are increasing. This is a great opportunity for Da Nang city to mobilize capital sources and investment projects to develop the city's infrastructure system in general and serve sea tourism in particular.

The positive points in Vietnam's diplomatic relations with the world also create the basis for Vietnam to consider visa exemption for citizens of countries around the world. This creates opportunities for developing the international tourist market for Vietnam tourism in general, Da Nang tourism, including Da Nang beach tourism in particular. Along with that, participating in international socio-economic organizations creates opportunities for organizing and hosting important events such as conferences, seminars, forums... in our country. With its geographical, socio-economic and security advantages, this is a great opportunity for Da Nang in developing MICE tourism...

- In the coming time, Asia - Pacific will remain a dynamic and attractive tourism region. Specifically, according to the general assessment of the World Tourism Organization (UNWTO), in the period from now to 2030, tourism will continue to grow globally. Specifically, the number of international tourists has increased from 347 million to 1.2 billion in the period 1995-2015, and is forecast to reach about 1.8 billion by 2030. In terms of tourist destinations, Northeast Asia will attract the most international tourists with 293 million, surpassing Southern Europe/Mediterranean (264 million) and Western Europe (222 million), and Southeast Asia will rank 4th with 187 million.

With the development and emergence of the tourism industry in the Asia-Pacific region as well as the trend of tourists traveling to many countries in one journey, or international tours, there are great opportunities for Vietnam tourism in general and Da Nang tourism, including sea tourism in particular, in attracting international tourists.

- The development trend of the knowledge economy, science and technology are applied more and more effectively and have spread extremely quickly and widely. Internet and social network applications in recent times have shown their effectiveness and influence in promoting tourism in general of countries around the world. With experience and effective methods, managers can completely create tourism trends to famous tourist destinations through the internet and social networks. With the above applications, promoting tourism in general becomes more convenient than ever. This is one of the opportunities for the development of sea tourism in Da Nang city, specifically the opportunity to promote and promote the city's tourism market to domestic and foreign tourist markets.

- In recent times, despite the fluctuations of the world, the number of tourists in the world continues to grow strongly with international tourism continuously growing; intra-bloc tourism accounts for a large proportion; long-distance tourism tends to increase rapidly. This continues to make tourism a popular trend globally. Tourism has become one of the fastest growing and largest service industries in the world, contributing to the development and prosperity of the country.

prosperity of countries. Especially developing countries, remote areas consider tourism development as a tool to eliminate hunger, reduce poverty and economic growth.

In the coming time, the tourism industry is forecasted to continue to maintain its position and role. The number of tourists will continue to increase strongly in both domestic and international tourism. This is a great opportunity in terms of the trend of the times that Vietnam in general and Da Nang tourism in particular, including the sea tourism industry, can take advantage of to develop.

- Vietnam is geographically close to the giant market of China and Northeast Asian countries (Japan, Korea) with over 1.5 billion high-income and rapidly growing tourism consumers. The opportunity to attract a part of the tourist market from these countries opens up a wide horizon for Vietnam Tourism. This is also a great opportunity for the development of sea tourism in Da Nang city.

- Da Nang city is geographically close to other famous tourist destinations of our country such as Hue Royal Palace, Hoi An ancient town, My Son Sanctuary... Along with the trend of experiential tourism, community... as well as the strong development of these tourist destinations in recent times, it has created great opportunities for Da Nang city tourism in general and sea tourism in particular in exploiting and attracting tourists to visit and travel at the above locations.

2.1.4.2. Challenges

- Vietnam tourism in general as well as Da Nang tourism, including Da Nang city's sea tourism in particular, in the coming time will be strongly affected by political instability, conflicts, terrorism, epidemics, natural disasters, economic and financial crises in partner countries and traditional markets. As a member of the WTO, these negative impacts will be stronger and more unpredictable while the capacity to adapt and respond to market fluctuations of Vietnam in general and Da Nang city is still limited. Disputes, regional disagreements, especially issues related to the East Sea, have potential instabilities, strong, direct and sudden impacts on tourism activities of our country as well as tourism.

Danang city's sea. This is a big challenge for our country's tourism as well as Danang city's sea tourism. It directly affects our country's international tourist market.

- In the coming time, the competitive pressure in the field of international tourism will become increasingly fierce, especially for Vietnam Tourism, which is still a young industry with many weaknesses. With the emergence and strong development of destinations in the region such as Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines, Cambodia, the competition between countries in the region is becoming more fierce with a new scale and nature due to the factors of new technology and globalization. This competition is both in terms of investment capital and attracting visitors, and in terms of quality and business efficiency and building the image and brand of the country and locality. The above factors directly affect the development of our country's tourism as well as the sea tourism industry of Da Nang city.

- Currently, our country's sea tourism destinations such as Nha Trang, Ha Long Bay, Sam Son, etc. are all having policies to develop sea tourism, attracting tourists with many outstanding tourism activities, improving the quality of the marine environment, investing in infrastructure for tourism, etc. The strong development of some sea tourism destinations in the coming time is also one of the challenges for sea tourism in Da Nang city in attracting international tourists and especially the domestic tourist market.

- Climate change is having a stronger impact than predicted. Da Nang's sea tourism, with its characteristics and strengths focusing on the sea and islands, will face enormous challenges and unpredictable impacts from high tides, rising sea levels, natural disasters, and storms. In addition, marine environmental pollution is becoming increasingly serious and difficult to control, becoming a threat to tourist destinations if appropriate control solutions are not found. The consequences of the recent marine environmental pollution disaster in the central region (Formosa) have not yet been completely overcome. Overcoming these consequences to improve the quality of the marine environment is a huge challenge for the central provinces, including Da Nang city.

- World tourism needs have changed a lot, moving towards new values.

established on the basis of traditional cultural values (uniqueness, originality), natural values (primitiveness, wildness), creative values and high technology (modernity, convenience). Sustainable tourism, green tourism, responsible tourism, community tourism associated with hunger eradication and poverty reduction, tourism towards the roots, towards nature are prominent trends. Environmental quality becomes an important factor constituting the value of tourism enjoyment. This is an extremely big challenge in terms of viewpoints, awareness and technical expertise. Therefore, the development of marine tourism will face many difficulties and challenges from the development of other tourism sectors. Especially at present, the types of tourism in Da Nang city are still quite limited, the tourism industry still mainly depends on marine tourism. Therefore, Da Nang marine tourism has not received the necessary support from other types of tourism.

2.2. Danang city's marine tourism development policy

2.2.1. Legal basis for policy making

The policy of developing Da Nang sea tourism is an orientation of activities chosen by the State, expressed by a system of related decisions (issued by the State), including goals and solutions to develop sea tourism of Da Nang city, thereby promoting the socio-economic development of the city in particular as well as of the country in general according to the State's orientation.

The tourism development policy of Da Nang city is expressed through the system of state decisions related to Vietnam's sea tourism in general as well as decisions related to Da Nang city's sea tourism in particular.

In fact, the current policy of developing marine tourism of Da Nang city is shown through a system of decisions related to the development of marine tourism in general of our country in general such as:

- 2013 Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam;

- The 2005 Tourism Law and related legal documents contain contents and regulations related to sea tourism that are regulated by the State;

- Decision 2473/QD-TTg of 2011 approving the "Vietnam Tourism Development Strategy to 2020, vision to 2030" issued by the Prime Minister;

- Decision 201/QD-TTg of 2013 approving the "Master plan for Vietnam tourism development to 2020, vision to 2030" issued by the Prime Minister;

- Decision No. 2782/QD-BVHTTDL dated August 15, 2013 approving the Project "Development of sea, island and coastal tourism in Vietnam to 2020";

- Decision No. 2151/QD-TTg dated November 11, 2013 of the Prime Minister approving the National Tourism Promotion Program for the period 2013-2020;

- Resolution 92/NQ-CP of 2014 on solutions to promote the development of Vietnam tourism in the new period issued by the Government;

- Decision 2350/QD-TTg in 2014 approving the "Master plan for tourism development in the South Central Coast region to 2020, with a vision to 2030" issued by the Prime Minister

- Decision No. 2054/QD-TTg dated November 13, 2014 of the Prime Minister approving the Master Plan for the development of Culture, Family, Sports and Tourism in the Central Key Economic Region to 2020, with a vision to 2030;

- Decision 1874/QD-TTg dated 2014 approving the Master Plan for socio-economic development of the Central Key Economic Region to 2020, with a vision to 2030, issued by the Prime Minister;

In addition to the system of decisions related to the development of marine tourism in general in our country, the policy of developing marine tourism in Da Nang is also specifically and in detail expressed through the system of State decisions related to marine tourism in Da Nang city in particular such as:

- Resolution 33-NQ/TW in 2003 on building and developing Da Nang city in the period of industrialization and modernization of the country was issued by the Politburo. The Resolution determined the direction and tasks for developing Da Nang city until the year 2020.

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