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Improving the efficiency of exploitation and protection of aquatic resources in coastal waters of Quang Nam province - 2

LIST OF TABLES


Table 1.1. Ships by capacity in Quang Nam province in the period 2014-2019 7

Table 1.2. Boats by locality in Quang Nam province, period 2014-2019 8

Table 1.3. Structure of ships by capacity group and occupation in 2018 8

Table 1.4. Structure of ships by capacity group and occupation in 2019 9

Table 1.5. Value of fishery production in the period 2014-2019 9

Table 1.6: Exploitation productivity of fishing professions 21

Table 1.7: Output and reasonable exploitation force compared with actual value 2014 21

Table 2.1: Distribution of survey sample numbers by locality, occupation and capacity group 47

Table 3.1: Fluctuations in the number of KTTS vessels at VBNC by locality and capacity 57

Table 3.2: Actual structure of vessels KTTS at VBNC by occupation and capacity group .59 Table 3.3: Actual structure of vessels KTTS at VBNC by occupation 60

Table 3.4. Key information on KTTS ship hulls at VBVB Quang Nam 61

Table 3.5: Key information on engine equipment on fishing vessels 62

Table 3.6. Information on the number of years of use of KTTS vessels at VBVB Quang Nam 62

Table 3.7. Statistics of safety and accident prevention equipment on KTTS ships at VBNC 63

Table 3.8: Statistics of maritime equipment 63

Table 3.9: Basic parameters of trawl net 65

Table 3.10: Basic parameters of longline fishing gear 66

Table 3.11: Basic parameters of the 67 seine net

Table 3.12: Basic parameters of single trawl fishing gear 67

Table 3.13: Basic parameters of pair trawl fishing gear 68

Table 3.14: Technical parameters of wire rope 69

Table 3.15: Distribution of the number of surveyed workers by mining occupation in 2019 ..70 Table 3.16: Education level and working age of KTTS 70

Table 3.17: Age and experience of crew members (2019 survey) 72

Table 3.18: Professional qualifications of crew members (2019 survey) 72

Table 3.19: Average exploitation productivity by vessel, occupation and year 73

Table 3.20: Total output by occupation from 2015 ÷ 2019 74

Table 3.21: Results of survey on trawl net products in 2015 75

Table 3.22: Results of survey on trawl net products in 2016 75

Table 3.23: Results of survey on trawl net products in 2017 75

Table 3.24: Results of survey on trawl net products in 2018 76

Table 3.25: Results of fishing product survey in 2015 76

Table 3.26: Results of fishing product survey in 2016 76

Table 3.27: Results of fishing product survey in 2017 77

Table 3.28: Results of fishing product survey in 2018 77

Table 3.29: Results of survey on purse seine products in 2015 78

Table 3.30: Results of survey on purse seine products in 2016 78

Table 3.31: Results of survey on purse seine products in 2017 79

Table 3.32: Results of survey on purse seine products in 2018 79

Table 3.33: Results of survey on trawl products in 2015 80

Table 3.34: Results of survey on trawl products in 2016 80

Table 3.35: Results of trawl product survey in 2017 80

Table 3.36: Results of survey on trawl products in 2018 81

Table 3.37: Results of the survey on fishing products in 2015 81

Table 3.38: Results of the survey on fishing products in 2016 82

Table 3.39: Results of the survey on fishing products in 2017 82

Table 3.40: Results of the survey on fishing products in 2018 82

Table 3.41: Economic indicators of vessels operating KTTS in VBVB Quang Nam 83

Table 3.42: Average income of crew members by occupation and capacity 83

Table 3.43: Summary of communication work, raising awareness of fishermen 87

Table 3.44: Statistics on the implementation of propaganda work 87

Table 3.45: Summary of inspection, examination and violation handling work 89

Table 3.46: Statistics on the number of fishing vessels violating the fishing operation area 92

Table 3.47: Statistics of the number of ships that were ticketed and fined by the inspection force 93

Table 3.48: Statistics on the number of fishing vessels violating the prohibited fishing area 94

Table 3.49: Results of survey on fishing vessels using prohibited fishing gear and types of fishing 94

Table 3.50: Average mining productivity of localities in 2015 95

Table 3.51: Ratio of output of each profession compared to total output of exploitation 96

Table 3.52: Ratio of exploited product components to total output 98

Table 3.53: Reserves and allowable exploitation output in coastal waters of Quang Nam and neighboring areas, period 2016-2017 98

Table 3.54: Average investment capital of ships operating in the Quang Nam VBVB ..99 Table 3.55: Average revenue of ships operating in the Quang Nam VBVB by profession and capacity 101

Table 3.56: Average cost of operating vessels in VBVB Quang Nam 102

Table 3.57: Average profit of ships operating at VBVB Quang Nam 104

Table 3.58: Characteristics of economic efficiency of KTTS fleet in VBVB Quang Nam 105 Table 3.59: Average income of crew members by profession and capacity 107

Table 3.60: Level of damage to resources by 108 fishing

Table 3.61: Level of damage to coral ecosystems by 108 fishing

Table 3.62: Level of damage to seagrass and seaweed ecosystems caused by 109 fishing

Table 3.63: People's views on exploited output compared to previous years 111

Table 3.64: People's views on the causes of decline in exploitation output

................................................................ ................................................................ ................................111

Table 3.65: The situation of decline in individual size of seafood species over the years 112

Table 3.66: Fluctuations in the proportion of fish with economic value in the total output of fishing occupations 113

Table 3.67: Summary of the rate of product output violating regulations (%) by exploited size...114 Table 3.68: Current status of violations regarding mesh size of fishing gear 115

Table 3.69: Current status of habitat loss of marine species 116

Table 3.70: Summary of the effectiveness of exploitation and protection of aquatic resources at VBNC ...117 Table 3.71: Summary of the number of violating vessels in VBNC 120

Table 3.72: Summary of output and number of vessels to be cut 2019 121

Table 3.73: Roadmap to reduce the number of vessels violating VBNC 122

Table 3.74: Prohibited fishing gear and occupations for aquatic resource exploitation (according to [4]) 124

Table 3.75: Actual number of fishermen registering to reduce the number of vessels over the years 124

Table 3.77: Fishermen's opinions on choosing conversion fishing profession 128

Table 3.78: Summary of output and economic indicators of the 132nd transfer

Table 3.79: Survey results on investment desirability 133

Table 3.80: Survey results on the ability to make traps by themselves 133

Table 3.81: Survey results on structure and safety of cage trap exploitation 134

Table 3.82: Results of registration for conversion to crab cage trapping 134

Table 3.83: Coordinates of the study area's boundary points 137

Table 3.84: Frequency of encounter during survey 142

Table 3.85: Average density encountered (individuals/200m²) at survey cross-sections 143

LIST OF IMAGES


Figure 1.1: China's fishery output and catch (1950 - 2004) 14

Figure 3.1: Drawing of the 65-meter trawl net expansion

Figure 3.2: Structure of the 69-line fishing gear

Figure 3.3: Structure of 1-door round cage 129

Figure 3.4: Fishing grounds of the vessel implementing the crab cage trap conversion model 131

Figure 3.5: Mining process using trap cages 131

Figure 3.6: a- Installing the crack mold; b- Pouring mortar into the crack mold; c- Finishing the crack 137

Figure 3.7: Coordinates of artificial reef release area 138

Figure 3.8: Diagram of artificial reef layout in Ban Than cape waters 138

Figure 3.9: Arranging reefs on barge and transporting to installation area 140

Figure 3.10: Reef release in clusters of 140

Figure 3.11: Diagram of bottom fish survey by diving method 140

Figure 3.12: Diving survey diagram at artificial reef clusters 142

Figure 3.13: Diagram of diving survey outside artificial reef clusters 142

Figure 3.14: Fish gather and take shelter at artificial reefs 143

LIST OF CHARTS


Chart 3.1: Fluctuations in total number of KTTS vessels by locality (2015-2019)

................................................................ ................................................................ ...................................58

Chart 3.2: Fluctuations in the total number of KTTS fishing vessels by capacity (2015-2019) ...58 Chart 3.3: Fluctuations in the actual number of KTTS fishing vessels at VBNC from 2015 ÷ 2019 by occupation group 60

Chart 3.4: Distribution of people by age of workers 70

Chart 3.5: Distribution of people by education level 71

Chart 3.6: Fluctuations in mining productivity of occupations in the period 2015-2019 95

Chart 3.7: Average mining productivity of localities in 2015 96

Chart 3.8: Fluctuations in exploitation output of occupations in VBNC 97

Chart 3.9: Fluctuations in investment capital by occupation and capacity group 100

Chart 3.10: Revenue fluctuations by industry and capacity 101

Chart 3.11: Fluctuations in production costs by occupation and capacity 103

Chart 3.12: Profit fluctuations by profession and capacity 104

Chart 3.13: Number of fishing vessels violating operating area 110

Chart 3.14: Number of fishing vessels using prohibited fishing gear 110

Figure 3.15: Fluctuation in the proportion of products violating the exploited size 114

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS


Order

Symbol

Interpretation

1

BVNLTS

Protection of aquatic resources

2

CPU

Catch Per Unit Effort

(Output per unit of mining force)

3

DVTS

Aquaculture services

4

DDSH

Biodiversity

5

DPNC

Research location

6

Management

Co-manager

7

HĐKT

Mining activities

8

Industrial Park

Industrial Park

9

KT&BVNLTS

Exploitation and protection of aquatic resources

10

KTTS

Fisheries exploitation

12

KTHL

Reasonable exploitation

13

MSY

Maximum Sustainable Yeild Maximum Sustainable Yeild

14

NLTS

Aquatic resources

15

PTBV

Sustainable Development

16

TURFs

Territorial Use Rights for Fishing

(Right to use territory in fisheries exploitation)

17

TAC

Total Allowable Catch

(Total allowable catch)

18

VBNC

Research sea area

19

VBVB

Coastal waters


20


IUU

Illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing

(Illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing)

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Improving the efficiency of exploitation and protection of aquatic resources in coastal waters of Quang Nam province - 2

SUMMARY OF NEW CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE THESIS


Thesis topic: Improving the efficiency of exploitation and protection of aquatic resources in coastal waters of Quang Nam province .

Industry: Fishing; Code: 9620304

PhD student: Pham Viet Tich; Course: 2014 - 2018

Instructors: 1. Dr. Tran Duc Phu, 2. Dr. Phan Trong Huyen

Training facility: Nha Trang University

Content:


1. The thesis analyzes and evaluates the domestic and foreign studies closely related to the topic, thereby proposing the research objectives and contents.

2. The thesis investigates, surveys, and supplements scientific data on the current status of fishing activities in coastal waters of Quang Nam province of 6 main fishing groups: purse seine, gill net, trawl, line fishing, cage traps, and other fishing occupations.

3. The thesis investigates, surveys, and supplements scientific data on the current status of resource protection activities in coastal waters of Quang Nam province.

4. The thesis analyzed and evaluated the current status of the efficiency of exploitation and protection of aquatic resources in the coastal waters of Quang Nam province.

5. The thesis has developed 4 solutions to improve the efficiency of exploitation and protection of aquatic resources in VBVB, including:

- Solutions to reduce the number of fishing vessels in Quang Nam VBVB for occupations that are harmful to aquatic resources and types of vessels banned from fishing in VBVB according to a specific roadmap each year...

- Solutions to convert occupations that harm the environment and resources, and occupations that are prohibited from exploitation in the VBVB to environmentally friendly occupations (cage and trapping, etc.).

- Solution to release artificial reefs to protect marine resources in Quang Nam province.

- Solutions to enhance capacity and administrative management measures.



Dr. Tran Duc Phu Dr. Phan Trong Huyen

Instructor

PhD student


Pham Viet Tich

KEY FINDINGS


Thesis title: “Improving the efficiency of aquatic resources exploitation and protection in Quang Nam coastal areas”.

Major: Fishing


Major code: 9620304


PhD Student: Pham Viet Tich


Supervisor: 1. Dr. Tran Duc Phu


2. Dr. Phan Trong Huyen


Institution: Institution of fishing technology and science in Nha Trang University

Key Findings: Protection of aquatic resources, fishing gears, fishing grounds, Quang Nam province, Artificial reefs, protect and enhance the coastal resources, coastal resources, resource restoration, coastal management, effectiveness, Quang Nam province, Marine protected area, status, explotation the marine resources, manage the marine resources.


Ph.D Student


Pham Viet Tich

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