DLST With Employment Solutions And Socio-Cultural Issues

DLST needs to comply with the following principles:

*There are interpretive activities to raise awareness about the environment, thereby creating awareness to participate in conservation efforts.

This is one of the basic principles of ecotourism that creates a clear difference between ecotourism and other forms of natural tourism. With the same natural tourism resources, their products all have value, use value, and are exchanged and bought and sold through forms of tourism services. However, ecotourism has a much higher educational and responsibility value than natural tourism. Ecotourism is more complex in many aspects: Safety instructions

safety, insurance costs… and higher requirements for responsibility from organizers as well as tourists.

After a tour, ecotourists will have a better vision and understanding of the ecological characteristics of the area and the culture of the local community. With that understanding, the attitude of tourists will change, which is reflected in many positive efforts in preserving and developing the natural ecology and culture of the area.

*Protect the environment and maintain the ecosystem:

Tourism in general and ecotourism in particular have a direct impact on the environment and ecosystems of the region. The negative impacts of ecotourism will change and alter the ecosystem and environment. Some ecosystems and habitats are particularly vulnerable to the pressure of ecotourism development, some of which are of poorer quality, which leads to a reduction in biodiversity.

With other types of tourism, environmental protection and ecosystem maintenance are not top priorities, but eco-tourism considers this a basic principle that must be followed because:

-The goal of ecotourism activities is to protect the environment and maintain ecosystems.

-For ecotourism to survive, it must always be associated with environmental protection and the maintenance of typical ecosystems. Ecosystem destruction and environmental degradation will be factors leading to the demise of ecotourism.

*Protecting and promoting national cultural identity:

Culture is the accumulation of knowledge about human behavior, between human and nature. If culture is considered as the result of human adaptation to the natural environment, then biodiversity and cultural diversity are closely related according to certain rules. Therefore, the principle of protecting and promoting national cultural identity is one of the important principles that ecotourism activities must comply with. The values

Human values ​​and organic components cannot be separated from the natural environmental values ​​for ecosystems in a particular place. The continuous degradation or change of traditional cultural activities of a local community under the impact of a certain activity will directly destroy the inherent natural ecological balance of the area, thus losing the value of that ecosystem.

*Create more jobs and benefit local communities:

Local people are the ones who live directly in the ecotourism area and they are also the ones who directly see the changes (development or degradation) of the ecosystem, environment, culture, etc. of the area. Whether those ecosystems and cultural environments are preserved and maintained or not depends entirely on the awareness of the people here.

That is why this is the principle and goal of ecotourism. Ecotourism encourages local people to participate in tourism activities such as renting out motels, working as tour guides, producing agricultural products, traditional handicrafts, etc. As a result, the lives of local people will be less dependent on natural exploitation, and at the same time they will see the benefits of protecting natural resources and developing ecotourism.[9,9]

1.2.3. The role of tourism development

Developing ecotourism is effectively exploiting the values ​​of ecotourism resources along with the values ​​of infrastructure and labor, creating the attractiveness of ecotourism resources with competitive tourism products that meet the needs of tourists, bringing benefits to society. The development of ecotourism plays an extremely important role.

1.2.4.1. DLST with environmental protection

Environment and tourism have a dialectical relationship with each other. Environment is the input parameter, the premise for strong tourism development, conversely, through the development of eco-tourism, the environment will be protected and its quality will be improved.

Ecotourism is considered the best tool to conserve nature, improve environmental quality, promote landscape values ​​and raise public awareness of the need to protect vulnerable ecosystems, control changes in the ecological environment, and restore damaged resources.

Developing ecotourism means protecting the environment because ecotourism exists in conjunction with protecting the natural environment and typical ecosystems. Ecotourism is considered a tool for biodiversity conservation. If ecotourism activities are carried out properly, negative impacts on biodiversity will be minimized. This is because the nature of ecotourism is a type of tourism based on areas with high natural attractions and support for nature conservation.

In addition, the development of ecotourism also requires simultaneously encouraging and creating financial conditions to upgrade infrastructure, maintain and preserve scenic spots, and promote and mobilize local people through environmental protection projects. In addition, ecotourism also creates opportunities for tourists to actively support the conservation of environmental resources.

Ecotourism also creates an important motivation, arousing awareness of environmental protection and maintaining ecosystems. When people receive benefits from ecotourism activities, they can support the tourism industry and conservation work better, protecting attractions.

Not only that, eco-tourism also encourages the improvement of local infrastructure including roads, bridges, water supply and drainage systems, waste treatment, communications, etc., thereby increasingly attracting tourists and improving the local environment.

Thus, developing eco-tourism not only satisfies the expected needs of tourists, it also maintains and optimally manages environmental resources and is the "Secret to sustainable development".

1.2.4.2.DLST with job creation and socio-cultural issues

The development of eco-tourism creates jobs for many workers, especially the local community.

The development of ecotourism changes the way of using traditional resources, changes the production structure, promotes the development of the national economy based on its own resources and internal strength. The development of ecotourism contributes to significantly improving the cultural and social life of the people. Ecotourism creates conditions to promote cultural exchange between tourists and locals, contributing to making the cultural and social life of these areas more vibrant and civilized. Ecotourism develops well, many high-quality tourism services are enhanced, which creates conditions to maintain social order and security.

However, in terms of indigenous people, no matter what form it takes, when commercialized, their culture is affected. Tourism always introduces habits that can be good or negative. Ecotourism will contribute to minimizing the negative aspects through purposeful education for tourists and local communities when participating in the ecotourism journey.

1.2.4.3.DLST contributes to increasing GDP

Tourism is a more profitable industry than any other economic sector. Annual profits bring these countries hundreds of millions of dollars.

According to the survey data of the World Ecotourism Association, ecotourism accounts for about 20% of the world tourism market share, and it is estimated that ecotourism is growing annually at an average rate of 10% - 30%. The economic contribution of ecotourism depends not only on the amount of money brought to the area, but also on the amount of money that stays in the area, thereby creating multiplier effects. According to general estimates, less than 10% of the money spent by tourists stays in the community near the ecotourism destination because most of the money is used for marketing and travel before tourists arrive at the destination.[10,9]

Chapter I Summary:

Tourism has become an indispensable part of people's spiritual life in the era of economic development. However, when tourism develops, it will have negative impacts on the environment and local culture. Ecotourism appears as an extremely useful tool to limit the negative effects of tourism, contributing to economic development, improving the lives of local communities where there are tourism resources and are doing tourism. Through chapter I, learning about tourism and ecotourism has summarized the characteristics of ecotourism and the basic principles of ecotourism development, thereby providing a basis for proposing research directions and solutions to develop ecotourism in Trang An tourist area.

CHAPTER 2: POTENTIAL AND CURRENT STATUS OF TOURISM ACTIVITIES IN TRANG AN

2.1. Overview of Trang An tourist area

Trang An tourist area is a comprehensive tourist area including: Ecological, cultural, historical, spiritual tourism... established in Ninh Binh province. Trang An is a tourist area associated with the ancient capital of Hoa Lu. According to Decision No. 865/QD-TTg issued by the Prime Minister of Vietnam in 2008, Trang An will join Ha Long and Cat Ba in the north as international tourist destinations. In the future, Trang An will become the most comprehensive tourist area in Ninh Binh. In this tourist area, there are many beautiful landscapes with mountains, forests, caves, rivers, streams, temples, palaces...

Trang An tourist area is located in the Northeast of Ninh Binh province, in the territory of Truong Yen, Ninh Xuan, Ninh Hai communes (Hoa Lu district), Gia Sinh commune (Gia Vien district), Ninh Nhat commune, Tan Thanh ward (Ninh Binh city), with an area of ​​1,566 hectares discovered a few years ago (since 2001). The marina center is 6km from Ninh Binh city, more than 90km from Hanoi, and close to National Highway 1A - the country's main artery, so it is very convenient for tourists to travel.

Trang An Cave is an important part in the south of Hoa Lu capital - the rear base to protect the ancient capital of Hoa Lu, along with many other mountain ranges in Ninh Binh city, forever standing with time. This place has overlapping mountains, magical caves, winding rivers, intertwined valleys blending together to create a unique and beautiful natural landscape.

On October 16 and 17, 2008, the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism coordinated with the People's Committee of Ninh Binh province and the Vietnam Cultural Heritage Association to organize a scientific workshop on "The value of the cultural heritage of Hoa Lu ancient capital and Trang An tourist area" to propose UNESCO to recognize Hoa Lu ancient capital as a world cultural heritage and Trang An tourist area as a world natural heritage. With