Population size by 2020 is about 870.5 thousand people.
- Create jobs for an average of 20,000 workers per year in the 2015-2020 period.
- Strive for the rate of trained workers to reach 55-60% by 2020.
- Reduce the poverty rate to below 4% by 2020 (according to the new poverty standard).
- Reduce the rate of underweight children under 5 years old to below 12% by 2020.
- Number of households using national grid electricity strives for 100% of households to use national grid electricity by 2020.
- The number of doctors per 10,000 people will reach about 8.5% of doctors by 2020. The number of commune-level units with doctors will reach 100%.
- Maintain forest cover at 46%.
- Strive to have 100% of waste treatment facilities meet environmental standards by 2020.
- Maintain 100% of cities and towns striving to have 100% of waste collected and treated by 2020; treat 77% of hazardous waste.
- Provide clean water for 100% of rural population by 2020.
b. Social development situation
- Population growth rate
Table 3.3: Population growth rate over the years
Year
Birth rate(% o ) | Mortality rate (% o ) | Natural growth rate (% o ) | |
2016 | 16.30 | 4.5 | 11.80 |
2017 | 18.10 | 6.60 | 11.50 |
2018 | 15.90 | 7.00 | 9.00 |
2019 | 15.00 | 7.10 | 9.00 |
Maybe you are interested!
-
Current situation and some solutions to motivate work at Thu Do Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development Branch - 2 -
Analysis of Credit Situation and Credit Risk Management of Vietnam Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development, Vinh Thuan Branch - Kien Giang -
Credit risk management at the branch of the Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development of Kon Tum province - current situation and solutions - 2 -
Assessing the Financial Situation of Rural Industrial Development in the Suburban Area of Hanoi -
Consumer Credit Situation at the Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development
(Source: Statistical yearbook of Hoa Binh province over the years)
- Education development situation
The provincial education sector has also made good progress in recent years.
In the past, the number of schools and classrooms have been invested in and built to meet the learning needs of students in the province. Specifically, statistics of the education sector are as follows:
Table 3.4: Education development situation
TT
Content | Unit of measure | School year 2017-2018 | School year 2018-2019 | |
1 | School | |||
1.1 | Kindergarten | School | 229 | 229 |
1.2 | High school | School | ||
Level I | School | 220 | 216 | |
Level II | School | 212 | 209 | |
Level III | School | 37 | 37 | |
1.3 | Vocational high school | School | 2 | 2 |
1.4 | College and university | School | 5 | 5 |
2 | Class | |||
2.1 | Kindergarten | Class | 2,551 | 2,624 |
2.2 | Popular | Class | 6.153 | 5,862 |
3 | Teacher | |||
3.1 | Kindergarten | People | 4,740 | 4,750 |
3.2 | Popular | People | 11,064 | 10,786 |
3.3 | Vocational high school | People | 115 | 126 |
3.4 | College and university | People | 483 | 450 |
4 | Pupil | |||
4.1 | Kindergarten | People | 55,891 | 55,939 |
4.2 | Popular | People | 129,146 | 131,774 |
4.3 | Vocational high school | People | 3,727 | 4,052 |
4.4 | College and university | People | 3,753 | 4,246 |
(Source: Statistical Yearbook 2018)
In general, the province's education and training sector has contributed to training human resources to meet the development requirements of production and service sectors in the province.
- Medical development situation
According to data in the 2018 Statistical Yearbook of Hoa Binh province, the development of medical examination and treatment facilities and human resources in the health sector in the province in recent years is as follows:
Table 3.5: Development status of medical examination and treatment facilities and medical human resources
TT
Base | Unit of measure | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | |
1 | Medical facility | ||||
1.1 | Hospital | Hospital | 14 | 14 | 14 |
1.2 | Regional clinic | Clinic | 15 | 17 | 21 |
1.3 | Commune and ward health stations | Medical station | 199 | 205 | 210 |
1.4 | Number of hospital beds | Hospital bed | 2,770 | 2,770 | 2,800 |
2 | Number of medical staff | ||||
2.1 | Medical industry | ||||
Doctor and post graduate | People | 455 | 492 | 534 | |
Doctors, nurses, technicians… | People | 1.905 | 1,993 | 2,312 | |
2.2 | Pharmaceutical industry | ||||
Senior Pharmacist | People | 21 | 33 | 33 | |
Intermediate Pharmacist | People | 156 | 167 | 210 | |
Pharmacist | People | 64 | 64 | 64 |
(Source: Hoa Binh Province Statistical Yearbook 2018)
According to the table above, it can be seen that the number of inpatients has increased significantly in recent years. In which, the number of medical staff has increased insignificantly. The number of medical examination and treatment facilities is increasing day by day.
- Infrastructure: Urban traffic, the main traffic axis is National Highway 6, 73km from Hanoi capital. In addition to National Highway 6, the province also has National Highways 21A and 12B running through it. In addition, there is a road system connecting districts and communes in the province with towns and neighboring districts and provinces, which is very convenient for socio-economic exchange. National and provincial highways have been upgraded, which is very convenient for economic development in districts and communes in the province.
In addition to road traffic, waterway traffic also plays an important role in the socio-economic development of the province. One of the important waterway routes is the Da River. This is the waterway route connecting Hoa Binh province with Son La province and the downstream through Phu Tho province, then converging with the Red River. Hoa Binh Lake plays a role in regulating water for the downstream area of the reservoir to develop the economy of the downstream areas.
Chapter 4
RESEARCH RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
4.1. Current status of rural environment in Hoa Binh province
4.1.1 Rural characteristics of Hoa Binh province
The rural areas of Hoa Binh province in each district have different characteristics in terms of natural conditions, so the socio-economic development also has many different characteristics and orientations. With a total area equivalent to about 80% of the province's total area, the rural areas play a role as a green belt, contributing to maintaining the ecological balance between rural and urban areas. Agriculture - rural areas hold a central position, ensuring national food security and providing raw materials and goods for industry and export. With about 60% of the province's population distributed in rural areas, this is a market that provides an abundant labor force, but the unemployment and underemployment rates are not small. The estimated average income per capita of rural people is still low (1.6 million VND/month) and the poverty rate is still quite high. In addition, the land fund serving production sectors in rural areas, especially agricultural land, is tending to decrease due to pressure from urbanization, industrialization and land use conversion.
The main production sectors that have been developing strongly in rural areas include cultivation, livestock, aquaculture, agricultural, forestry and fishery processing, development of industrial clusters, craft villages and forestry. These are sectors that play an important role in the province's economy.
Currently, the whole country is in the process of implementing the National Target Program on New Rural Development for the period 2010 - 2020, striving to have 50% of communes meeting new rural standards by 2020. The implementation shows that the innovation process is bringing many positive changes. Infrastructure in many rural areas is being invested and upgraded, including roads.
transportation, electricity, water works... This is the premise for rural production sectors to develop strongly, especially in the fields of agriculture, aquaculture, craft villages... However, shortcomings in management have been putting significant pressure on the rural environment and affecting the quality of life of people in the province.
4.1.2 Pressure of rural socio-economic activities on the environment
4.1.2.1. Pressure from civil activities
Rapid population growth puts great pressure on the economy, people's lives and the environment. High population growth slows economic development, slows down people's lives, and pollutes the environment. The negative impacts of the current population growth in the province are manifested in the following aspects: Creating pressure on natural resources and the land environment due to overexploitation of resources to serve the needs of housing, food production, industrial production, etc., causing the forest area to shrink, increasing the area of degraded land, depleting mineral resources; Creating concentrated waste sources that exceed the self-decomposition capacity of the natural environment, polluting the water, soil and air environments; The increase in urban population puts the urban environment at risk of serious degradation. The supply of clean water, housing and trees cannot keep up with the population growth. Social evils and social management issues in urban areas are increasingly difficult and complicated.
Statistics show that the population is unevenly distributed among regions in the province. The most populous area is Lac Son district with an average total population of 138,909 people, population density of 237 people/km 2 ; in the highlands, where transportation is difficult, the population is often very sparse, the lowest population density is Da Bac district with 69 people/km 2 , the area with the lowest population is Ky Son district with only 32,443 people, population density of 154 people/km 2 .
Along with population growth, the gap between rural and urban areas
In urban areas, socio-economic development activities and traditional rural models have also changed: rural economy has developed towards increasing industry, services, and occupations, contributing to job creation and increasing income for rural residents. In addition to the positive aspects, this change has created pressure on the environment such as increasing the demand for clean water and increasing the amount of waste due to increased consumer demand.
Water and clean water play an important role in agricultural production as well as serving the people's daily life. The demand for clean water in rural areas is increasing, corresponding to the increase in domestic wastewater (domestic wastewater accounts for about 80% of the water used). The characteristic pollution in domestic wastewater is organic pollution, in which the content of N and P is very high.
Due to polluted and saline surface water, people have turned to exploiting underground water for domestic use, industrial production, agriculture and aquaculture. Exploiting underground water in large quantities can have many negative impacts on the environment contaminated by waste. Economic development has led to increasing consumer demand in rural areas. The improved rural road system has increasingly shortened the distance between urban and rural areas, allowing many types of goods to circulate strongly. This is also the main cause of increasing the composition and load of rural household waste.
Rural solid waste comes from sources such as households, markets, warehouses, schools, hospitals, administrative agencies, etc. Rural solid waste has a fairly high proportion of organic matter and most of it is easily decomposable organic matter (accounting for about 65%).
Rural people (especially in remote areas) still keep the habit of dumping garbage indiscriminately along village roads, river banks, lakes, etc., creating landfills.
spontaneous, directly affecting the living environment and rural landscape. This not only causes loss of aesthetics but also leads to many harmful effects on the environment as well as affecting human health.
4.1.2.2. Pressure from farming and forestry activities
a. Results of implementing the development goals of the crop cultivation industry
The growth rate of the crop production value is still quite good and relatively stable, averaging 3.36%/year over 5 years; the proportion of crop GDP in the total GDP of the whole sector is on average 74%/year. The value of products obtained per hectare of cropland has increased from 73 million VND in 2011 to 95 million VND in 2015.
Results of implementing some indicators:
Table 4.1: Results of implementing some indicators of the crop production sector
Rating Index
Unit | TH 2019 | TH 2020 | |
Growth rate of crop production | % | 5.40 | 2.53 |
Proportion of crop added value in crop production value | % | 75.00 | 74.00 |
Product value obtained per hectare of cultivated land. | VND/ha | 92.85 | 93 |
b. Results of implementing the development goals of the Forestry sector
The forestry production value is estimated to increase by an average of 3.95% per year. The forest area and forestry land are managed, protected, developed, used sustainably and effectively; forest coverage reaches 49.3%, contributing to ensuring the ecological environment, mitigating natural disasters, increasing water fertility, conserving genetic resources and biodiversity; creating jobs for workers, increasing income for people living in rural mountainous areas, contributing to hunger eradication and poverty reduction, stabilizing socio-politics, security and national defense in the province.
Results of implementing some indicators: