and the stay of individuals or groups outside their usual place of residence or country for peaceful purposes, other than in the place of employment”. This is the basis for the definition of tourist adopted by the International Union of Tourism Organizations of the World Tourism Organization.[ 13;14 ]
Different from the above viewpoints, the scholars who compiled the Vietnamese Encyclopedia have separated the two basic contents of tourism into two separate parts. According to these experts, the first meaning of this word is a form of active sightseeing and relaxation of people outside their place of residence for the purpose of: resting, entertaining, seeing scenic spots, historical relics, cultural and artistic works... In the second meaning, tourism is considered a comprehensive business with high efficiency in many aspects: improving understanding of nature, historical traditions and national culture, thereby contributing to increasing love for the homeland; for foreigners, it is friendship with their own people; in terms of economics, tourism is a very effective business sector; it can be considered a form of exporting goods and services on the spot.
Definition of tourism by II Pirôgiownic - 1985: "Tourism is a form of people's leisure time activities related to temporary movement and stay outside their regular residence for the purpose of resting, healing, physical and mental development, improving cognitive level - culture or sports along with natural, economic and cultural values" [7;36]
In the book "Basis of tourism geography and sightseeing services", with quite detailed content, the Belarusian geographer emphasized: "Tourism is an activity of people during the holiday related to migration and temporary residence for the purpose of physical and mental development, improving cognitive level, culture or sports activities to absorb natural, economic, cultural and service values. [13;12]
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According to the definition of the World Tourism Organization (UNWTO-1994): "Tourism is a set of diverse activities and services related to the temporary movement of people away from their usual place of residence for the purpose of
purposes: entertainment, relaxation, culture, recuperation... in general, the reasons for not traveling are not to earn a living"
According to the Vietnam Tourism Law 2006: “tourism is activities related to human trips outside their regular place of residence to meet the needs of sightseeing, learning, value, and resting within a certain period of time. [10;20]
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Kripendorf offers a completely different definition of tourists. According to him, tourists are “ridiculous, stupid, uneducated, but wealthy, exploitative and insensitive to the environment”. Meanwhile, the Mediterranean Club calls tourists “good members”.[ 13;17 ]
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e) Classification of tourism types
Classifying tourism types allows to determine the strengths of a tourist destination, serving as a basis for analyzing the diversity of activities in a tourist destination.
Based on the travel needs of visitors and the ability to meet the resources and related service conditions, current types of tourism include:
*Classification by trip purpose: Sightseeing
Sightseeing is an important human activity to improve the world around. The object of sightseeing can be a natural tourism resource such as a beautiful landscape, or a human tourism resource such as a relic, a contemporary work or a scientific research facility, production facility... In terms of meaning, sightseeing is one of the activities to make the trip considered a tourist trip.
Leisure travel
The purpose of the trip is to relax, unwind, and get away from the stressful daily work to restore health (physically and mentally). For this purpose, tourists mainly want to find a quiet place with fresh air.
In tourism, the need for entertainment is an indispensable need in tourism. Therefore, in addition to the time for sightseeing and resting, it is necessary to have entertainment programs for tourists. With the development of society, the standard of living increases, the number of people traveling only for the purpose of entertainment, entertainment with games also increases significantly.
Resort travel
One of the important social functions of tourism is to restore community health. According to some scholars in the world, with a reasonable tourism regime, the community can reduce up to 30% of the days of medical treatment in a year. Since ancient times, people have discovered the health restoration value, the healing value of the
Southern coastal region. Nowadays, the need for vacation is increasing due to the pressure of stressful work, polluted environment and social relations.
The destinations for vacations are often places with fresh air, pleasant climate, and spectacular scenery.
Discovery travel
Exploring the world around is aimed at increasing understanding of the world around. Trips with the purpose of discovery are also considered purely tourism. Learning about nature, the environment, learning about customs, learning about history... are the main goals of trips. Adventure tourism is based on the need for self-expression and self-discovery of people, especially young people.
Sports tourism
Participating in sports activities is a common need in humans, playing sports for the purpose of improving physical fitness, restoring health, expressing oneself... is considered one of the purposes of tourism. This is a type that appears to satisfy people's passion for sports activities. On occasions when they have free time, many people instead of a passive vacation, look for places with conditions to play certain sports themselves.
Festival tourism
Nowadays, festivals are a very attractive factor for tourists. Therefore, the restoration of traditional festivals and the organization of festivals are not only the concern of agencies, mass organizations, and society, but also a direction of the tourism industry. Participating in festivals, tourists want to immerse themselves in the jubilant atmosphere of demonstrations of force and community solidarity. Tourists find themselves in festivals, forgetting the discomforts of everyday life.
*Classification by territory of international tourism activities
International tourism is the travel of foreigners to visit and travel.
Outbound tourism is a trip of domestic people to foreign countries.
International tourism is a type of tourism in which there is communication with foreigners during the implementation process, one of the two sides (tourist or tourism supplier) must use a foreign language in communication, in terms of geographical space: tourists go outside their country. In terms of economy: there are payment transactions in foreign currency.
Domestic travel
Domestic tourism is understood as activities of organizing and serving domestic people to travel, relax and visit tourist attractions within the national territory, basically without transactions or payments in foreign currency.
National tourism
According to the current understanding, national tourism includes all tourism activities of a country from sending tourists abroad to serving domestic and foreign tourists visiting and traveling within the country. Income from national tourism (often referred to as income from tourism) includes domestic tourism activities and international tourism, including receiving and sending tourists.
*Classification by geographical characteristics of tourist destinations Coastal tourism
The main target is tourists returning to nature, participating in sea tourism activities such as swimming, sea sports. The favorable time for this type of tourism is the hot season when the sea water and air temperature is above 20˚C.
Mountain tourism
Two-thirds of our country's territory is mountainous. According to climatologists, the temperature gradient is 0˚6C/100m. So in principle, the mountainous areas of our country have lower temperatures than the plains, where large urban areas are concentrated.