Dear. Currently, Phin has few tourist facilities. However, with its geographical location in the center of the province and the center of Highway 9, this will be a resting place for tourists when visiting Laos. In Phin, there are 2 historical tourist areas (Lao-Vietnamese Monument and Tat Hay Bridge History). From Phin, you can take trips to neighboring districts, especially to Dong Phu Vieng conservation forest and Sam Makhet rapids.
Champhone town is located in the southeast of the province, close to many tourist attractions such as famous pagodas and towers, and can visit the scenic spots along the Mekong River and Route 11.
In addition, Savannakhet province can be oriented to develop into 3 large tourism clusters: the central tourism cluster connecting two tourism centers in Kaysone and Senon cities with Xaybuly, Outhamphon, Atsaphangthon and Atsaphon districts. The southern tourism cluster includes the centers of Champhon, Xayphouthong, Xonabuli, Songkhone and Phalanxay and the eastern tourism cluster along Highway 9 includes Phine, Viabuly, Sepone and Noong districts.
And finally, to build and consolidate existing tourist routes including intra-provincial tourist routes and tourist routes on the East-West economic corridor, connecting these tourist routes with tourist routes across Southeast Asia, to make Savannakhet a stopover for tourists.
2.4.2. Tourism development solutions
- Investigate and evaluate natural conditions of tourism resources or in other words, build a comprehensive tourism database of Savannakhet province.
- Detailed planning of tourist centers, clusters, points and routes of each district, implementation of priority projects, calling for and attracting investment in building infrastructure for tourism.
- Tourism development goes hand in hand with comprehensive socio-economic development.
- Cooperate and train human resources for tourism management, business and environmental resource protection. Human resource training needs to be carried out on the basis of cooperation between provinces and neighboring countries to create harmony and compatibility in professional capacity and foreign languages. The current state of human resources in Savannakhet shows that this is a big challenge for tourism development of the country.
province. For tourism to develop sustainably in the future, it is necessary to have a team of staff with professional qualifications in planning, organization, management, business, and conservation of tourism resource values, a team of professionally trained tour guides, fluent in foreign languages, and a community of residents with awareness and understanding of business activities in their territory.
- Promote and enhance community-based tourism programs. One of the strengths of tourism in Savannakhet is ecotourism. Ecotourism as well as sustainable tourism are new types of tourism that require community participation and are developing in places with many wild and untouched resources, attracting many tourists to visit. Promoting the development of this type of tourism will take advantage of Savannakhet's natural tourism resources, which are the system of national parks, conservation areas, and special-use forests.
- International cooperation in administrative procedures. Administrative and procedural barriers at international border gates between Vietnam, Laos and Thailand are a concern in the province's international tourism development cooperation. To make tourism along the entire East-West Economic Corridor easier and more convenient, there needs to be cooperation policies on administrative procedures. Only then will tourism development become the driving force of the entire route.
CHAPTER 3. BUILDING A GIS DATABASE ON NATURAL - SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS TO SERVE THE ORIENTATION OF TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN SAVANNAKHET PROVINCE - LAOS
3.1. GIS database design
The database in GIS of Savannakhet province includes both spatial data and attribute data, which are linked together to express the information of the object accurately and completely. The system configuration requirements as well as the software requirements to be able to use this database include:
- CPU equivalent to Pentium IV 1Ghz or higher. 1GB free HDD. RAM: > 2GB RAM. Screen resolution > 1024 x 768. Operating system: Windows XP SP3 or higher.
- Data and thematic maps are standardized, edited and adjusted in Arcgis Desktop 9.3 software environment.
- In addition, the database management system uses the ArcGIS Engine library on the .Net programming environment. Therefore, to install this tool, users need to install the following additional components: ArcGIS Engine 9.3, DotNet FrameWork 3.5.
3.1.1. Background data
Background data is an indispensable tool in all work related to the territory. The level of detail of the data depends on the purpose of use and the research territory. For any application of the database, the construction of the background database is the most important central task through the homogenization of the terrain in terms of geometry and graphic structure as well as attribute data structure. The background data of Savannakhet is composed of the following information layers:
- Mathematical basis (frames, projection grids and coordinate points)
- Terrain (contour and elevation)
- Hydrological network.
- Provincial and district administrative boundaries
- Important residential and administrative areas: provincial capital, town, district capital.
- Traffic
- Place name.
Within each of the above layers, the content elements are further divided into smaller layers and they are specified with specific codes in a pre-designed table.
+ Basic math class group: Includes information classes:
- Map frame and km coordinates,
- Coordinate grid by degree
+ Terrain layer group: Includes contour lines and elevation points:
- For Savannakhet, the contour elevation is 100m. The characteristic elevation points are selected for storage. Usually the elevation points of mountain peaks, the elevation of characteristic points.
+ Hydrological layer group: Includes the network of rivers, streams, lakes and irrigation works on the map, this group includes the following information layers:
- Rivers shown on the map in line form are the river name with 1 stroke ( song1netlv )
- Rivers and lakes are represented by two-stroke river names ( song2netlv)
+ Boundary layer group: This group has provincial boundaries, district boundaries and national boundaries.
+ Population groups: Population groups are shown in the form of points such as: committees, district and provincial administrations and the population groups with scoring symbols for the villages of Savannakhet province.
+ Traffic layer group: This group represents the traffic network such as: national highways, provincial roads and small roads.
+ Place name group : includes names: province, district, river name, mountain name, street name and village name of Laos.
In the Savannakhet basemap database, base information layers are managed as follows:
TT
Information layers | Content | Spatial object | Attribute information | |
1.1 | Nation (Border) | National boundaries | Road | Boundary code, boundary type |
1.2 | Country (Territory) | National boundary area | Region | Country code, country name, area |
1.3 | Conscious (Boundary line) | Provincial boundary | Road | Boundary code, boundary type |
1.4 | Conscious (Territory) | Provincial boundary | Region | Province code, province name, area |
1.5 | District (Boundary line) | District boundary | Road | Boundary code, boundary type |
1.6 | District (Territory) | District boundary | Region | District code, district name, province name, area |
1.7 | People's Committees at all levels | Location of People's Committees at all levels | Point | Level code, committee level, administrative unit code, administrative unit name |
1.8 | Road traffic | Road traffic routes | Road | Road code, road grade, road type, road name, road length |
1.9 | Bridge | Types of bridges | Point | Bridge type, name, properties |
1.10 | Place name | Place name | Text | Place name |
Maybe you are interested!
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Building a database in GIS to serve the tourism development orientation of Savannakhet province, Laos - 13 -
Identify Rating Levels and Rating Scales
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of the islanders. Therefore, this indicator will be divided into two sub-indicators:
a1. Natural tourism attractiveness a2. Cultural tourism attractiveness
b. Tourist capacity
The two island communes in Quan Lan have different capacities to receive tourists. Minh Chau Commune is home to many standard hotels and resorts, attracting high-income domestic and international tourists. Meanwhile, Quan Lan Commune has many motels mainly built and operated by local people, so the scale and quality are not high, and will be suitable for ordinary tourists such as students.
c. Time of exploitation of Quan Lan Island Commune:
Quan Lan tourism is seasonal due to weather and climate conditions and festivals only take place on certain days of the year, specifically in spring. In Quan Lan commune, the period from April to June and from September to November is considered the best time to visit Quan Lan because the cultural tourism activities are mainly associated with festivals taking place during this time.
Minh Chau island commune:
Tourism exploitation time is all year round, because this is a place with a number of tourist attractions with diverse ecosystems such as Bai Tu Long National Park Research Center, Tram forest, Turtle Laying Beach, so besides coming to the beach for tourism and vacation in the summer, Minh Chau will attract research groups to come for tourism combined with research at other times of the year.
d. Sustainability
The sustainability of ecotourism sites in Quan Lan and Minh Chau communes depends on the sensitivity of the ecosystems to climate changes.
landscape. In general, these tourist destinations have a fairly high level of sustainability, because they are natural ecosystems, planned and protected. However, if a large number of tourists gather at certain times, it can exceed the carrying capacity and affect the sustainability of the environment (polluted beaches, damaged trees, animals moving away from their habitats, etc.), then the sustainability of the above ecosystems (natural ecosystems, human ecosystems) will also be affected and become less sustainable.
e. Location and accessibility
Both island communes have ports to take tourists to visit from Van Don wharf:
- Quan Lan – Van Don traffic route:
Phuc Thinh – Viet Anh high-speed boat and Quang Minh high-speed boat, depart at 8am and 2pm from Van Don to Quan Lan, and at 7am and 1pm from Quan Lan to Van Don. There are also wooden boats departing at 7am and 1pm.
- Van Don - Minh Chau traffic route:
Chung Huong high-speed train, Minh Chau train, morning 7:30 and afternoon 13:30 from Van Don to Minh Chau, morning 6:30 and afternoon 13:00 from Minh Chau to Van Don.
f. Infrastructure
Despite receiving investment attention, the issue of infrastructure and technical facilities for tourism on Quan Lan Island is still an issue that needs to be resolved because it has a direct impact on the implementation of ecotourism activities. The minimum conditions for serving tourists such as accommodation, electricity, water, communication, especially medical services, and security work need to be given top priority. Ecotourism spots in Minh Chau commune are assessed to have better infrastructure and technical facilities for tourism because there are quite complete and synchronous conditions for serving tourists, meeting many needs of domestic and foreign tourists.
3.2.1.4. Determine assessment levels and assessment scales
Corresponding to the levels of each criterion, the index is the score of those levels in the order of 4, 3, 2, 1 decreasing according to the standard of each level: very attractive (4), attractive (3), average (2), less attractive (1).
3.2.1.5. Determining the coefficients of the criteria
For the assessment of DLST in the two communes of Quan Lan and Minh Chau islands, the students added evaluation coefficients to show the importance of the criteria and indicators as follows:
Coefficient 3 with criteria: Attractiveness, Exploitation time. These are the 2 most important criteria for attracting tourists to tourism in general and eco-tourism in particular, so they have the highest coefficient.
Coefficient 2 with criteria: Capacity, Infrastructure, Location and accessibility . Because the assessment area is an island commune of Van Don district, the above criteria are selected by the author with appropriate coefficients at the average level.
Coefficient 1 with criteria: Sustainability. Quan Lan has natural and human-made ecotourism sites, with high biodiversity and little impact from local human factors. Most of the ecotourism sites are still wild, so they are highly sustainable.
3.2.1.6. Results of DLST assessment on Quan Lan island
a. Assessment of the potential for natural tourism development
For Minh Chau commune:
+ Natural tourism attractiveness is determined to be very attractive (4 points) and the most important coefficient (coefficient 3), so the score of the Attractiveness criterion is 4 x 3 = 12.
+ Capacity is determined as average (2 points) and the coefficient is quite important (coefficient 2), then the score of Capacity criterion is 2 x 2 = 4.
+ Exploitation time is long (4 points), the most important coefficient (coefficient 3) so the score of the Exploitation time criterion is 4 x 3 = 12.
+ Sustainability is determined as sustainable (4 points), the important coefficient is the average coefficient (coefficient 1), so the score of the Sustainability criterion is 4 x 1 = 4 points
+ Location and accessibility are determined to be quite favorable (2 points), the coefficient is quite important (coefficient 2), the criterion score is 2 x 2 = 4 points.
+ Infrastructure is assessed as good (3 points), the coefficient is quite important (coefficient 2), then the score of the Infrastructure criterion is 3 x 2 = 6 points.
The total score for evaluating DLST in Minh Chau commune according to 6 evaluation criteria is determined as: 12 + 4 + 12 + 4 + 4 + 6 = 42 points
Similar assessment for Quan Lan commune, we have the following table:
Table 3.3: Assessment of the potential for natural ecotourism development in Quan Lan and Minh Chau communes
Attractiveness of self-tourismof course
Capacity
Mining time
Sustainability
Location and accessibility
Infrastructure
Result
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
CommuneMinh Chau
12
12
4
8
12
12
4
4
4
8
6
8
42/52
Quan CommuneLan
6
12
6
8
9
12
4
4
4
8
4
8
33/52
b. Assessment of the potential for humanistic tourism development
For Quan Lan commune:
+ The attractiveness of human tourism is determined to be very attractive (4 points) and the most important coefficient (coefficient 3), so the score of the Attractiveness criterion is 4 x 3 = 12.
+ Capacity is determined to be large (3 points) and the coefficient is quite important (coefficient 2), then the score of the Capacity criterion is 3 x 2 = 6.
+ Mining time is average (3 points), the most important coefficient (coefficient 3) so the score of the Mining time criterion is 3 x 3 = 9.
+ Sustainability is determined as sustainable (4 points), the important coefficient is the average coefficient (coefficient 1), so the score of the Sustainability criterion is 4 x 1 = 4 points.
+ Location and accessibility are determined to be quite favorable (2 points), the coefficient is quite important (coefficient 2), the criterion score is 2 x 2 = 4 points.
+ Infrastructure is rated as average (2 points), the coefficient is quite important (coefficient 2), then the score of the Infrastructure criterion is 2 x 2 = 4 points.
The total score for evaluating DLST in Quan Lan commune according to 6 evaluation criteria is determined as: 12 + 6 + 6 + 4 + 4 + 4 = 36 points.
Similar assessment with Minh Chau commune we have the following table:
Table 3.4: Assessment of the potential for developing humanistic eco-tourism in Quan Lan and Minh Chau communes
Attractiveness of human tourismliterature
Capacity
Mining time
Sustainability
Location and accessibility
Infrastructure
Result
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
Quan CommuneLan
12
12
6
8
9
12
4
4
4
8
4
8
39/52
Minh CommuneChau
6
12
4
8
12
12
4
4
4
8
6
8
36/52
Basically, both Minh Chau and Quan Lan localities have quite favorable conditions for developing ecotourism. However, Quan Lan commune has more advantages to develop ecotourism in a humanistic direction, because this is an area with many famous historical relics such as Quan Lan Communal House, Quan Lan Pagoda, Temple worshiping the hero Tran Khanh Du, ... along with local festivals held annually such as the wind praying ceremony (March 15), Quan Lan festival (June 10-19); due to its location near the port and long exploitation time, the beaches in Quan Lan commune (especially Quan Lan beach) are no longer hygienic and clean to ensure the needs of tourists coming to relax and swim; this is also an area with many beautiful landscapes such as Got Beo wind pass, Ong Phong head, Voi Voi cave, but the ability to access these places is still very limited (dirt hill road, lots of gravel and rocks), especially during rainy and windy times; In addition, other natural resources such as mangrove forests and sea worms have not been really exploited for tourism purposes and ecotourism development. On the contrary, Minh Chau commune has more advantages in developing ecotourism in the direction of natural tourism, this is an area with diverse ecosystems such as at Rua De Beach, Bai Tu Long National Park Conservation Center...; Minh Chau beach is highly appreciated for its natural beauty and cleanliness, ranked in the top ten most beautiful beaches in Vietnam; Minh Chau commune is also home to Tram forest with a large area and a purity of up to 90%, suitable for building bridges through the forest (a very effective type of natural ecotourism currently applied by many countries) for tourists to sightsee, as well as for the purpose of studying and researching.
Figure 3.1: Thenmala Forest Bridge (India) Source: https://www.thenmalaecotourism.com/(August 21, 2019)
3.2.2. Using SWOT matrix to evaluate Quan Lan island tourism
General assessment of current tourism activities of Quan Lan island is shown through the following SWOT matrix:
Table 3.5: SWOT matrix evaluating tourism activities on Quan Lan island
Internal agent
Strengths- There is a lot of potential for tourism development, especially natural ecotourism and humanistic ecotourism.- The unskilled labor force is relatively abundant.- resource environmentunpolluted, still
Weaknesses- Poorly developed infrastructure, especially traffic routes to tourist destinations on the island.- The team of professional staff is still weak.- Tourism products in general
quite wild, originalintact
general and DLST in particularalone is monotonous.
External agents
Opportunity- Tourism is a key industry in the socio-economic development strategy of the province and Van Don economic zone.- Quan Lan was selected as a pilot area for eco-tourism development within the framework of the green growth project between Quang Ninh province and the Japanese organization JICA.- The flow of tourists and especially ecotourism in the world tends toincreasing
Challenge- Weather and climate change abnormally.- Competition in tourism products is increasingly fierce, especially with other localities in the province such as Ha Long, Mong Cai...- Awareness of tourists, especially domestic tourists, about ecotourism and nature conservation is not high.
Through summary analysis using SWOT matrix we see that:
To exploit strengths and take advantage of opportunities, it is necessary to:
- Diversify products and service types (build more tourism routes aimed at specific needs of tourists: experiential tourism immersed in nature, spiritual cultural tourism...)
- Effective exploitation of resources and differentiated products (natural resources and human resources)
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Database Content Structure In GIS Environment -
Natural Conditions, Socio-Economics and Resources for Tourism Development of Hai Phong -
Natural - Socio-Economic Conditions and Land Use Situation of Pho Lu Town
Figure 3.1. Background data in shapefile format on Arcgis 9.3 software
3.1.2. Thematic data layers
TT
Data and information layers | Content | Spatial object type | Attribute information | |
1. Topography and slope | ||||
1.1 | Terrain type | Terrain type | Region | Description of 10 types of terrain |
1.2 | Terrain | Terrain | Region | Description of 14 types of terrain |
1.3 | Topographical factors | Topographical factors | Road | Describe the 5 elements of terrain |
1.4 | Terrain slope | Grading of slopes | Region | Divided into 5 levels of slope |
2. Current status of land use and vegetation | ||||
2.1 | Current land use status | Current land use status | Region | Land use code, land use type |
2.2 | Vegetation | Types of vegetation | Region | Vegetation units, area |
3. Population, ethnicity | ||||
3.1 | Ethnic population point | Population and ethnicity | Point | Nation |
3.2 | Population distribution in the city | City population | Region | Distribution ratio |
3.3 | Population density | Population density | Region | Density |
TT
Data and information layers | Content | Spatial object type | Attribute information | |
3.4 | Population size | Population size | Point | Scale |
3.5 | Population structure by district | Population structure | Region | Structure |
4. Infrastructure, affected areas | ||||
4.1 | Infrastructure | Infrastructure | Point | Location, type |
4.2 | Percentage of households with access to electricity | Percentage of households with access to electricity | Region | Proportion |
4.3 | Zone of influence | Zone of influence | Region | Area of influence |
5. Tourism resources, tourist routes | ||||
5.1 | Tourist attractions | Tourist attractions | Point | Name, distribution, management level |
5.2 | Tourist route | Tourist route | Road | Names of tourist routes |
5.3 | Tourism sub-regions | Tourist sub-region | Region | Subregion name |
After having a standard background data layer with complete information, thematic data layers will be built on that information layer. The background data format as well as thematic data are designed, edited and used as shape files running on ESRI's Arcgis 9.3 software. ArcMap software has two display modes: Data View and Layout View. In Data View, only map objects or map content are displayed. Layout View displays the map in print mode on paper, in which in addition to map objects, there are also Graphic elements, which are map decoration elements such as frames, coordinate grids, legends, etc.
In DataView only one Data Frame can be worked with at a time, but in Layout View it is possible to work with multiple Data Frames at the same time. Maps can only be edited in Data View.
Data can be displayed on a map using many different methods. Each method is characterized by symbols, colors, strokes, contours... Depending on the type of data and the purpose of use, people choose the appropriate display method.
Here, thematic data is designed into separate mxd. Once completed, the mxd will be linked into the database management system.
Figure 3.2. Geomorphological data in shapefile format on Arcgis 9.3 software platform
3.2. Interface and functions of Savannakhet GIS database system
After the installation of the database management tool is complete. The login screen appears. Allows you to enter your username and password to start using the database system.
- Click the Login button to log in to the software.
- Click the Cancel button to cancel the login.