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Basic Conditions and Principles for Ensuring Sustainable Tourism Development


1.1.4.2. DLBV's objectives

- Increase the contribution of tourism to the economy and the environment.

- Improve and ensure social equity in development.

- Improve the quality of life of local communities.

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- Meet the maximum and increasing needs of tourists.

- Ensure the stability and quality of the environment is maintained.

Basic Conditions and Principles for Ensuring Sustainable Tourism Development

1.1.4.3. Principles of sustainable tourism

- Use tourism resources (natural, social, cultural, ...) to create a solid foundation for long-term tourism development.

- Minimize negative impacts to reduce costs, restore environmental degradation, and improve tourism quality.

- Maintain and develop ecological diversity (natural, cultural, social) to strongly attract tourists and promote tourism development.

- Tourism planning must be placed in the overall socio-economic planning of the country and locality.

- Tourism must aim to support the local economy (stable development, growth, improving living standards).

- Attracting the participation of local communities, bringing benefits to both locality, tourism businesses and tourists (using local labor, participating in restoration, ...).

- Train a team of tourism business staff with appropriate qualifications to implement solutions to improve the quality of tourism products.

- Must provide tourists with full and responsible information to enhance their understanding, respect and responsibility.

- There must be convincing explanations about the benefits for businesses, local authorities and tourists.

Thus, sustainable tourism is not a tourism trend but a tourism development platform of the times.


1.1.5. Tourist attractions

Researchers and legislators have included tourist attractions in the Tourism Ordinance signed and promulgated by the President in February 1999, according to which "a tourist attraction is a place with attractive tourism resources and the ability to attract tourists".

Thus, according to the Tourism Ordinance, “tourist spot” is a relatively open concept, not limited in terms of territorial scale. At the same time with the above concept, “tourist spot” can include: resource spots, places with attractive tourism resources and the ability to attract visitors, which may not yet be put into exploitation, functional spots – places where tourism resources have been exploited and put into service for tourists’ needs.

However, the above concept still leaves open the issue of “planning” for tourist destinations. In the case of planned tourist territories, the difference with the concept of “tourist area” defined in the Tourism Ordinance, according to which “Tourist area is a place with tourism resources… planned for investment and development to satisfy the diverse needs of tourists…” is unclear. In real life, these two concepts are often used unconsciously without clear distinction.

1.1.6. Tourist area

It is a place with attractive tourism resources with advantages in natural tourism resources, planned and invested in development to meet the diverse needs of tourists, bringing about economic, social and environmental efficiency.

Conditions for recognition as a tourist area

Tourist areas that meet the following conditions are recognized as national tourist areas:

- Has particularly attractive tourism resources with advantages in natural landscapes, capable of attracting a large number of tourists.

- Have a minimum area of ​​one thousand hectares, including the area necessary to build works and tourist service facilities suitable to the landscape and environment of the tourist area; in special cases where the area is smaller, the central state management agency for tourism shall submit it to the Prime Minister for consideration and decision.


- Have synchronous infrastructure and technical tourism facilities, capable of serving at least one million tourists a year, including accommodation facilities and necessary tourism services suitable to the characteristics of the tourist area.

Tourist areas that meet the following conditions are recognized as local tourist areas:

- Has attractive tourism resources, capable of attracting tourists.

- Has a minimum area of ​​two hundred hectares, including the area needed to build tourist service facilities and works.

- Have infrastructure, tourism technical facilities, accommodation facilities and necessary tourism services suitable to local characteristics, capable of serving at least one hundred thousand tourists per year.

1.2. Basic conditions and principles to ensure sustainable tourism development

1.2.1. Basic conditions for sustainable tourism development

For the tourism industry to develop sustainably, the following conditions are needed:

1.2.1.1. Diversity of tourism resources

For natural resources, associated with it is a type of ecotourism, requiring high biodiversity.

Biodiversity includes ecological diversity, genetic diversity and environmental diversity.

species.

Ecological diversity is expressed in the difference of symbiotic types that create

Living organisms and their relationships with each other and with abiotic factors that directly or indirectly affect life such as: land, water, terrain, climate, etc. These are ecosystems and the habitats of one or several species of organisms (according to the biodiversity convention adopted at the Rio de Janeiro summit on the environment).

For human resources including historical relics, revolutionary relics, cultural and architectural works... including traditional cultural values.


The system needs to be preserved and conserved so that each tourist destination has its own unique features, creating diverse appeal for the tourism industry.

1.2.1.2. Understanding of tourism

Tourism workers, especially operators, tour guides and local people, must be very knowledgeable – this is also one of the principles of Sustainable Tourism.

Understanding here includes understanding tourism resources (natural ecological characteristics, community culture), the potential impact of tourism activities on resources - environment and foreign languages. This is very important and has a great influence on the effectiveness of tourism activities. To do so, it is necessary to have a truly effective education strategy, especially for the local community about tourism knowledge and environmental protection. Because more than anyone else, only they can be aware of the benefits they enjoy and protecting the tourism environment is protecting their own lives. They are also the ones who convey that knowledge to tourists most effectively. From there, all forces participating in tourism, indigenous people together protect tourism resources and the tourism environment, which is an important condition for tourism to develop sustainably.

Traditional tourism operators are often only interested in profit and have no commitment to the conservation or management of natural areas and the environment. They simply provide tourists with an opportunity to learn about natural and cultural values ​​before these opportunities are changed or lost forever. In contrast, to achieve sustainable tourism, tourism operators must collaborate with managers of natural reserves, local communities and environmental protection forces with the aim of protecting natural, human, local cultural and environmental values ​​in the long term; improving life, enhancing common understanding between local people and tourists.

1.2.1.3. Ensuring infrastructure and technical facilities for tourism

Transportation: ensure adequate quality of safe travel for tourists to tourist destinations.



guest.

Communication: ensure that tourists can contact their families and relatives. Electricity and water: fully provided for tourism activities and daily life of tourists.


Accommodation: quality and suitable for the local tourism environment. Other tourism services: dining, shopping, etc. must be guaranteed on a fresh basis.

living, food safety, price must be reasonable.

1.2.1.4. Satisfying tourists' need to improve their knowledge

Satisfying and enhancing tourists’ understanding of nature and local culture is often difficult, but it is a necessary need for the long-term survival of the tourism industry. Therefore, services to satisfy tourists are of second importance only to the conservation of what they visit.

1.2.2. Principles to ensure sustainable tourism development

1.2.2.1. Using resources sustainably

The conservation and sustainable use of natural, cultural and social resources is essential and is a lever for long-term business development.

All economic activity involves the use of natural resources (natural and human), many of which are non-renewable, non-renewable, and non-substitutable.

Sustainable development advocates leaving to future generations a stock of natural resources no less than that enjoyed by previous generations. Preventing irreversible changes to irreplaceable environmental assets, preventing the loss of the ozone layer and species, and the destruction of essential ecosystem functions, which also means taking into account the services provided by the natural environment, which are not given away as free goods but must be included in the costs of economic activity.

The same principles apply to human resources. Local cultures, ethnic traditions, livelihoods and the land on which people depend for their livelihoods must be respected.


The sustainable use, conservation and protection of these resources is vital for their sound global management and also makes positive business sense.

1.2.2.2. Reducing overconsumption and waste will avoid costly environmental damage restoration costs and contribute to the quality of tourism.

Excessive consumption leads to global environmental destruction and is contrary to sustainable development. This type of consumption is characteristic of industrialized countries and is spreading rapidly across the globe.

The wasteful and unnecessary consumption of environmental resources and other resources has caused pollution and cultural and social disruption. Ignoring or not managing waste from projects that are implemented without environmental impact assessment causes long-term environmental degradation that is difficult to overcome. Therefore, there must be sanctions for the above projects.

1.2.2.3. Maintain diversity

Maintaining and enhancing natural, cultural and social diversity is essential for sustainable tourism development and is the lifeblood of the tourism industry.

Diversity in natural, cultural and social environments is a strength that provides resilience to mutations and stresses. Diversity and survival avoid over-reliance on one or a few sources of survival support.

Sustainable development advocates leaving to future generations a diversity of both natural and human life no less than that inherited by previous generations, recognizing that changes in the biological, cultural and economic environments are inevitable outcomes of any form of development.

The World Conservation Strategy (1980) emphasized the need to conserve genetic diversity. Since then the aim has been broadened to include diversity of political, socio-economic and cultural structures.


1.2.2.4. Integrating tourism into the planning process

Integrate tourism development and, within the framework of national and local strategic planning, conduct environmental impact assessments to increase the long-term viability of the tourism industry.

Conflicts of interest, overuse of resources and overdependence can be avoided or reduced by integrating one sector with another based on two principles: long-term strategic planning and environmental impact assessment.

The strategic planning framework allows for the assessment of the impacts of development on economic, social and environmental conditions at both local and regional levels in the short, medium and long term.

Environmental impact assessment, carried out during the planning and implementation stages of a project, will minimise harm to the natural, economic and social environment. Environmental impact assessment includes the direct and indirect impacts of humans on flora and fauna, land, water, climate and landscape; and the interactions of these factors with human resources. However, this assessment has only taken place mainly in the European Community, most other countries are still in the pilot phase.

1.2.2.5. Support local economy

Tourism that supports local economic activities, taking into account environmental values ​​and costs, protects the local economy and avoids environmental damage.

Economic growth is reflected in the growth of Gross National Product (GNP), which is expressed in the value of goods on the market; the value of services and environmental resources is not counted, leading to environmental destruction.

Sustainable development, on the one hand, satisfies human needs and welfare while maintaining and improving the environment. Attention to economic function and environmental impact assessment of investment projects is very important.


important

The core of sustainable economic development is independence, increasingly

development and diversification. It requires a reconfiguration of the market system to rationalize services in terms of environmental and broader social costs of production.

Economic activities that care about the environment also care about the interests of local people.

1.2.1.6. Strictly comply with regulations on capacity

In order to minimize the impact of tourism activities on tourism resources and the environment, and achieve sustainable tourism, it is necessary to organize with strict compliance with regulations on "carrying capacity". The concept of "carrying capacity" is understood from four aspects: physics, biology, psychology and sociology. All of these aspects are related to the number of visitors at each time in the same location.

From a physical perspective: “capacity” is understood as the maximum number of visitors that an area can receive. This is related to the minimum standards of space for each visitor, as well as for their living needs.

From a biological perspective, “carrying capacity” is understood as the maximum number of visitors, which if larger will exceed the environment’s capacity to receive, causing ecological impacts due to tourist activities and the facilities they use. This capacity will be reached when the number of visitors and the facilities they use begin to affect the living habits of wild animals, causing ecosystem degradation, damage to human resources and the gradual loss of traditional values.

From a psychological perspective: Capacity is understood as the limit of the number of visitors that if exceeded, visitors themselves feel uncomfortable because of the crowding and their activities are affected by the presence of other visitors. In other words, the level of satisfaction of visitors drops below normal due to overload.

From a social perspective: carrying capacity is the limit on the number of tourists at which the negative impacts of tourism activities on the cultural - social and economic - social life of the area begin to appear. The normal life of the local community

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